普通美國人 vs 普通墨西哥人 - 人群比較：英語精讀講義

The nearly 2,000 mi United States border with Mexico

美國與墨西哥之間將近2000英里的邊界

is the most frequently crossed border in the world.

是世界上跨越最頻繁的邊界。

According to the BBC,

根據BBC的報導，

the border between Tijuana and San Diego is the busiest land border crossing anywhere.

蒂華納和聖地牙哥之間的邊界是全世界最繁忙的陸地過境點。

You might think this close proximity and the fact that people are continually moving between the countries 表達脈絡

你可能認為，這種近距離以及人們在兩國間不斷流動的事實

should mean the two nations have a lot in common, 片語搭配

應該意味著這兩個國家有很多共同點，

but that's not exactly the case.

但事實並非完全如此。

The US probably has more in common with the UK,

美國可能與英國有更多共同點，

a country that lies over 4,000 mi across the ocean.

那個隔著大洋遠在4000英里之外的國家。

Mexico's many indigenous civilizations were colonized by the Spanish in the 16th century,

墨西哥的許多原住民文明在16世紀被西班牙人殖民，

while the USA was a colony of Great Britain.

而美國曾是大英帝國的殖民地。

This made all the difference, 慣用語

這造就了所有的不同，

and today we will discuss these many differences in this episode of The Infographics Show,

今天我們將在這期《資訊圖表秀》節目中討論這些差異，

The Average American versus The Average Mexican.

普通美國人對陣普通墨西哥人。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button

別忘了訂閱並點擊小鈴鐺圖示，

so that you can be part of our notifications squad.

這樣你就能成為我們通知小隊的一員。

First of all, let's have a quick look at the two countries our citizens call home. 表達脈絡

首先，讓我們快速了解一下兩國公民的家園。

The USA is the third, some sources say fourth,

美國是世界上第三大（也有消息稱是第四大）國家，

largest country in the world with a land mass of 3,796,742 sq mi.

陸地面積為3,796,742平方英里。

Today, it has a population of 325,365,189 people,

如今，它的人口為325,365,189，

making it the third most populated country on the planet. 文法

使其成為地球上人口第三多的國家。

Mexico has a land mass of 761,610 sq mi,

墨西哥的陸地面積為761,610平方英里，

making it the 13th largest country in the world.

使其成為世界第13大國家。

The population is 129,669,477 people,

人口為129,669,477，

making it the 10th most populated country in the world.

使其成為世界第10大人口大國。

So, who are these people?

那麼，這些人都是誰呢？

The USA is said to be 72.4% white. 文法

據說美國白人占72.4%。

Other sources have put this estimate as high as 77%.

其他消息來源將這一估計提高至77%。

What we do know is that most of these white Americans identify as having ancestry 片語搭配

我們確切知道的是，大多數這些美國白人都認為自己的祖先

from England, Scotland, Ireland, Germany,

來自英格蘭、蘇格蘭、愛爾蘭、德國、

France, Italy, Poland, and the Netherlands

法國、義大利、波蘭和荷蘭，

among many other European countries.

以及許多其他歐洲國家。

The US Census Bureau states that the next largest ethnic group is Hispanic or Latino

美國人口普查局稱，第二大族裔是西班牙裔或拉丁裔，

at around 17.6% of the population,

約占人口的17.6%，

followed by black, 13.3%, 文法

其次是黑人，13.3%，

Asian, 5.6%, and Native American, 1.2%.

亞裔，5.6%，以及美國原住民，1.2%。

Multiracial, meaning people that identify as having mixed ancestry,

多種族，即認為自己具有混合血統的人，

is around 2.6%.

約占2.6%。

US Census Bureau data also stated in 2016 that 5.6 million Mexican nationals

美國人口普查局的數據還指出，2016年有560萬墨西哥國民

were residing in the US without authorization. 用詞

未經授權居住在美國。

As for Mexico, the largest ethnic group there identify as mestizo.

至於墨西哥，最大的族群自認為是麥斯蒂索人。

Mestizo is a group, around 62% of the country, 文化背景

麥斯蒂索人占該國人口的大約62%，

that are of mixed ethnicity between the indigenous people of a country and the Europeans.

他們是該國原住民與歐洲人混合血統的群體。

The next largest group at 27% of the population are Amerindians,

第二大群體占人口的27%，是美洲印第安人，

which can draw comparisons to Native American Indians. 片語搭配

可以將其與美洲原住民印第安人作比較。

Think of the Mayas from the Yucatan or Chiapas

想想猶加敦或恰帕斯的馬雅人，

or the Nahuas, descendants of the Aztecs.

或者是阿茲特克人的後裔納瓦人。

White or European Mexicans make up 9% of the population, 片語動詞

白人或歐洲裔墨西哥人占人口的9%，

while black Mexicans and Arab Mexicans are thought to make up about 1% each of the population.

而黑人墨西哥人和阿拉伯裔墨西哥人估計各占總人口的大約1%。

With mixed ethnicity comes mixed religions, 文法

混合的種族帶來了混合的宗教，

and the USA has quite a few on the go. 慣用語

美國的宗教種類相當繁多。

Nonetheless, the USA is said to be the world's biggest Christian population,

儘管如此，美國被認為是世界上基督教人口最多的國家，

many of whom are still quite devout compared to their European counterparts.

與歐洲同胞相比，他們中的許多人仍然相當虔誠。

More than 70% of Americans say they are Christian,

超過70%的美國人說自己是基督徒，

and the next largest group at around 23% aren't really anything at all.

而第二大群體約占23%，他們其實什麼都不信。

Much smaller groups of people are Muslim, Jewish, Hindu, and Buddhist.

更小部分的人群是穆斯林、猶太教徒、印度教徒和佛教徒。

Mexico is quite similar in this respect, with 93% of the population identifying as Christian. 片語搭配

墨西哥在這方面非常相似，93%的人口認為自己是基督徒。

The only difference is that 82.7% say they are Catholic,

唯一的區別是，82.7%的人說自己是天主教徒，

while other Christian denominations make up around 12%.

而其他基督教教派約占12%。

It's thought that only 20.8% of Americans are Catholics.

據認為，只有20.8%的美國人是天主教徒。

About 4.7% of Mexicans have taken the don't believe or don't know what to think route, 慣用語

大約4.7%的墨西哥人選擇了不相信或不知道該想什麼的路線，

while Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, and native religions make up a very small percentage.

而猶太教、伊斯蘭教、佛教和本土宗教占據的比例非常小。

Mexicans predominantly speak Spanish, but some people are bilingual or even trilingual,

墨西哥人主要說西班牙語，但有些人是雙語甚至三語者，

speaking also English and or a native language.

他們也會說英語和/或一種本土語言。

The vast majority of Americans are English speakers,

絕大多數美國人說英語，

although almost 40 million people say their mother tongue is Spanish. 片語搭配

儘管有近4000萬人說他們的母語是西班牙語。

Smaller groups state that they are Chinese, French, Tagalog,

較小的群體表示他們分別講中文、法語、他加祿語、

Vietnamese, Korean, and German speakers

越南語、韓語和德語，

in that order in terms of numbers. 片語搭配

這是按人數排列的順序。

What about the demographics of these people?

這些人的人口統計數據是怎樣的呢？

Well, the median age in the USA is currently 37.8 years old.

那麼，美國目前的年齡中位數是37.8歲。

Life expectancy in the US is currently 79.8 for both sexes,

美國目前的男女預期壽命為79.8歲，

which is the 42nd highest in the world.

居世界第42位。

The highest is Monaco at the ripe old age of 89.5. 慣用語

最高的是摩納哥，高達89.5歲高齡。

Average life expectancy in Mexico is 75.9,

墨西哥的平均預期壽命是75.9歲，

the 93rd highest in the world.

居世界第93位。

The median age in Mexico is 27.9 years old.

墨西哥的年齡中位數為27.9歲。

As for what we look like, the average American man is 5 ft 9 or 9 and 1/2 in.

至於外貌，普通美國男性的身高是5英尺9英寸或9.5英寸。

He weighs 195.5 lb according to the Center for Disease Control.

根據美國疾病管制與預防中心的數據，他的體重為195.5磅。

The average American woman, according to the same source, is 5 ft 4 in,

根據同一數據源，普通美國女性身高5英尺4英寸，

and she weighs on average 168.5 lb.

平均體重為168.5磅。

The average Mexican man stands at 5 ft 5 and 1/2 in

普通墨西哥男性身高5英尺5.5英寸，

and weighs around 165 lb.

體重約165磅。

We must point out here that sources are all over the place on this average. 慣用語

我們必須指出，各個資訊來源對這一平均值的說法大相徑庭。

The average Mexican woman stands at around 5 ft 2 in

普通墨西哥女性身高約5英尺2英寸，

and weighs 151 lb.

體重151磅。

Both countries are considered fat.

這兩個國家都被認為比較肥胖。

According to the World Health Organization in 2017, 33% of American adults were obese,

根據世界衛生組織2017年的數據，33%的美國成年人肥胖，

and in Mexico, 32.1% of adults were obese.

而在墨西哥，32.1%的成年人肥胖。

It seems one thing these nations have in common is a love of overeating.

看來這些國家的一個共同點就是愛吃得過多。

As for how we live, we know that the USA is a far richer country,

至於生活方式，我們知道美國是一個富裕得多的國家，

and we know from all our other shows on the topic that the USA has the most billionaires in the world.

而且我們從該主題的其他節目中知道，美國擁有世界上最多的億萬富翁。

But what about the average Joe? 慣用語

但普通人呢？

The median annual individual income in the US

美國的個人年度收入中位數，

with both men and women taken into account for a 40-hour work week 文法

綜合男女在每週40小時工作制下的情況，

is $44,148 per year,

每年為44,148美元，

according to a 2017 Bureau of Labor Statistics report.

根據2017年美國勞工統計局的報告。

Mexico's median income was closer to $12,000 per year.

墨西哥的收入中位數接近每年12,000美元。

Mexico may have 15 billionaires, some sources say 16,

墨西哥可能有15位億萬富翁，也有說16位的，

but the country has widespread poverty.

但該國普遍存在貧窮。

A 2015 report stated that 20% of Mexicans are worth no more than $80

2015年的一份報告指出，20%的墨西哥人身家不超過80美元，

with half of the population living in poverty.

有一半的人口生活在貧窮中。

That 20%, it was reported, don't have the money to eat three meals a day.

據報導，那20%的人沒有錢保證每天吃三頓飯。

The same report stated that from 34 member countries of the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development,

同一份報告指出，在經濟合作暨發展組織的34個成員國中，

the gap between wages and hours worked is larger in Mexico than in any other member country.

墨西哥工資與工作時間之間的差距大於任何其他成員國。

To rub salt in the wounds, according to OECD, 慣用語

雪上加霜的是，根據經合組織的數據，

that year Mexicans worked on average 2,327 hours,

那年墨西哥人平均工作了2327小時，

while Americans worked 1,796 hours.

而美國人則工作了1796小時。

The United States is seen as a very hardworking country

美國也被認為是一個非常勤勞的國家，

too in terms of hours worked and holidays taken.

在工作時間的長短和休假的多少方面也是如此。

According to the Center for Poverty Research in 2015,

根據貧困研究中心2015年的數據，

the official poverty rate in the US was 13.5%.

美國的官方貧窮率為13.5%。

Financially, Mexicans seem to have it much harder, 慣用語

經濟上，墨西哥人似乎要艱難得多，

but what about happiness levels?

但是幸福水準如何呢？

According to the World Happiness Index in 2016,

根據2016年世界幸福指數，

which takes into account money, work, lifestyle, safety, freedom, etc., 片語動詞

該指數考慮了金錢、工作、生活方式、安全、自由等因素，

Denmark is the place to be. 慣用語

丹麥是最佳去處。

The USA came 13th on the list, 用詞

美國在榜單上排名第13位，

and Mexico came 21st on the list.

墨西哥在榜單上排名第21位。

That isn't bad considering that Mexico ranked higher than the UK.

考慮到墨西哥的排名高於英國，這還不算差。

In 2017, though, Mexico and the UK basically changed places, 片語搭配

然而，在2017年，墨西哥和英國基本上互換了位置，

and United States dropped one place.

美國則下降了一位。

In spite of low wages in some parts of Mexico being notoriously dangerous,

儘管墨西哥部分地區的低工資情況出了名的危險，

it does seem that subjective well-being is pretty good.

主觀幸福感似乎確實很好。

And that's what counts, right? 慣用語

而那才是最重要的，對吧？

In fact, in 2014, a Pew Research study found that Mexicans were the happiest people of the 43 participating countries,

事實上，在2014年，皮尤研究中心的一項研究發現，在43個參與國中，墨西哥人是最幸福的，

which included Germany, France, South Korea, Japan, the US, and the UK.

參與國包括德國、法國、韓國、日本、美國和英國。

One Mexican news media outlet wrote a story with the headline,

墨西哥的一家新聞媒體在報導中使用了這樣的標題：

"Mexicans: fat and happy, hardworking."

「墨西哥人：肥胖、幸福、勤勞。」

People have actually addressed this phenomenon and said one factor is that Mexicans have much stronger family ties, 表達脈絡

人們實際上探討過這種現象，並指出一個因素是墨西哥人的家庭關係更為緊密，

but also live a more active public life.

同時也有著更活躍的公共生活。

While we hear a lot of negative news about Mexico, 表達脈絡

雖然我們聽到許多關於墨西哥的負面新聞，

we don't generally hear about the warm climate, community spirit, rich history, beautiful beaches,

我們通常聽不到溫暖的氣候、社區精神、豐富的歷史、美麗的沙灘，

the streets often full of music and celebration,

街道上經常充滿了音樂與慶祝，

the general daily joie de vivre. 文化背景

以及日常生活中普遍存在的生活樂趣。

Speaking of living the good life, 表達脈絡

說到享受美好生活，

be sure to check out and subscribe to our new YouTube channel called Fuzzy and Nuts.

一定要查看並訂閱我們名為Fuzzy and Nuts的新YouTube頻道。

This week, Fuzzy wins the lottery, and as you might expect,

本週，Fuzzy彩券中獎了，正如你可能預料的那樣，

his arch nemesis Nuts laughs and looks on as chaos ensues. 片語動詞

他的死對頭Nuts在一旁嘲笑，看著混亂的發生。

Give it a watch and learn a thing or two, 慣用語

去看看並學上一兩招吧，

'cause we think you're going to love the show just as much as we love making it. 講解

因為我們認為你一定會像我們喜歡製作這部影片一樣喜歡它。

See you next time.

下次見。