我們的過敏症越來越多了嗎？ ⏲️ 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

來自 bbclearningenglish.com 的《六分鐘英語》。

Hello,

你好，

and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

歡迎收聽 BBC Learning English 的《六分鐘英語》。

I'm Beth.

我是貝絲。

And I'm Neil.

我是尼爾。

In this episode,

在這一期節目中，

we're talking about allergies.

我們來談談過敏。

Allergies are when a certain food or material makes you feel sick. 文法

過敏是指某種食物或物質讓你感到不適。

Do you have any allergies, Beth?

你有過敏症嗎，貝絲？

Yeah,

有的，

so I am actually allergic to dairy, 用詞

實際上我對乳製品過敏，

so I can't have anything with milk. 片語搭配

所以我不能吃任何含牛奶的東西。

So, no cheese,

所以不能吃起司，

no butter.

不能吃奶油。

Um what about you, Neil?

嗯，你呢，尼爾？

Have you got any allergies?

你有過敏症嗎？

Well,

怎麼說呢，

I'm not great with dairy either, 語氣意圖

我對乳製品的反應也不太好，

but it's not an allergy,

但這不算過敏，

more of an intolerance. 用詞

更像是不耐症。

So, it just makes me feel a bit bad rather than actually making me sick. 文法

所以它只是讓我感覺有點不舒服，而不是真的讓我生病。

Um but I do have hay fever, 講解

嗯，但我確實有花粉症，

so I'm allergic to pollen.

所以我對花粉過敏。

That means in the summer months,

這意味著在夏天的幾個月裡，

I'm sneezing and coughing all the time.

我總是打噴嚏和咳嗽。

I get runny eyes and a runny nose, 片語搭配

我會流眼淚和流鼻涕，

and it also gives me a little bit of asthma.

而且還會引起一點氣喘。

So, it's a bit of a pain. 慣用語

所以這有點讓人頭痛。

Oh, yeah.

喔，是的。

That sounds really horrible.

聽起來真的很糟糕。

Now,

現在，

scientific evidence shows that more people are developing allergies. 講解

科學證據顯示，越來越多的人正在患上過敏症。

In this program,

在今天的節目中，

we're going to find out about what it's like living with an allergy 講解

我們要了解過敏症患者的生活是怎樣的，

and where in the world has the highest rate of allergies. 用詞

以及世界上哪裡過敏發生率最高。

But first,

但首先，

I have a question for you, Beth.

我有一個問題問你，貝絲。

What is the most common allergy in the world?

世界上最常見的過敏是什麼？

Is it A, peanuts?

是 A，花生？

B, pollen?

B，花粉？

Or C, dairy?

還是 C，乳製品？

Um I'm going to say pollen. 語氣意圖

嗯，我猜是花粉。

A lot of people I know have hay fever.

我認識的很多人都有花粉症。

Mm, including me.

嗯，也包括我。

Well, we'll find out the answer at the end of the show. 表達脈絡

好了，我們將在節目最後揭曉答案。

Now,

那麼，

Beth, you're allergic to dairy,

貝絲，你對乳製品過敏，

but imagine if you had over 50 allergies. 文法

但想像一下如果你有50多種過敏。

That's the situation for Mia Silverman, who runs a social media account Allergies with Mia, 片語搭配

這就是 Mia Silverman 的情況，她經營著一個名為 Allergies with Mia 的社群媒體帳號，

where she talks about living with lots of allergies. 片語搭配

在那裡她講述了與眾多過敏症共存的生活。

My 50+ allergies include all nuts and their oils.

我的50多種過敏包括所有堅果及其萃取油。

I'm allergic to all fish except for cooked tuna and cooked codfish. 文法

我對除了煮熟的鮪魚和鱈魚以外的所有魚類過敏。

Life for Mia involves a lot of planning, 片語搭配

米婭的生活需要大量的計畫，

as she told BBC World Service program What in the World.

正如她在 BBC 世界頻道節目《What in the World》中所說的那樣。

And having these 50+ allergies impacts my life every single day. 片語搭配

擁有這50多種過敏症每天都在影響我的生活。

So, when it comes to going to restaurants, having to call ahead of time, 講解

比如去餐廳吃飯時，必須提前打電話，

talk to the manager, talk to the chef,

與經理交談，與主廚交談，

to make sure that the restaurant can accommodate me, 講解

以確保餐廳能滿足我的需求，

that they can make me something safe 片語搭配

確保他們能為我做些安全的食物，

and use protocols to prevent any sort of risk of any allergens touching my dish. 講解

並採用標準流程來防止任何過敏原接觸到我餐點的風險。

When it comes to socializing,

說到社交，

it can be kind of hard sometimes because I want to make sure my friends don't feel inconvenienced or feel like I'm being a burden. 講解

有時候可能會有點困難，因為我想確保朋友們不會覺得不方便，或者覺得我是個負擔。

If Mia wants to go to a restaurant,

如果米婭想去餐廳，

she has to call ahead of time to tell them about her allergies.

她必須提前打電話告訴他們她的過敏情況。

If you call ahead of time,

如果你 call ahead of time（提前打電話），

you phone somewhere, like a restaurant,

就是你打電話給某個地方，比如餐廳，

before you go.

在你去之前。

We can also say call ahead.

我們也可以說 call ahead。

Mia needs to find out whether restaurants can accommodate her allergies.

米婭需要了解餐廳是否能 accommodate（配合）她的過敏情況。

Accommodate in this context 表達脈絡

Accommodate 在這裡的語境下

means give someone what they need.

意味著滿足某人的需求。

Because Mia has so many allergies,

因為米婭有這麼多過敏，

she has to visit restaurants which have protocols to stop the food she is allergic to touching her meal. 文法

她必須去那些有 protocols（流程）的餐廳，以阻止她過敏的食物接觸到她的飯菜。

Protocols means a set of rules for a process 用詞

Protocols 意味著為某個流程制定的一套規則，

to make sure things are done properly.

以確保事情做得妥當。

Now, most people who have allergies don't have as many as Mia, 文法

當然，大多數有過敏症的人不像米婭有這麼多，

but scientists believe more people are developing allergies.

但科學家認為越來越多的人正在患上過敏症。

And there is one place where the number of allergies is particularly high,

有一個地方的過敏人數特別多，

Australia.

澳洲。

In fact, Australia is called the allergy capital of the world. 慣用語

事實上，澳洲被稱為世界過敏之都。

When we describe somewhere as the capital of the world in something, 文法

當我們把某個地方描述為某方面的 capital of the world（世界之都）時，

we mean that it's known for that thing.

我們的意思是它以那件事而聞名。

So,

所以，

the allergy capital of the world is the place in the world with the most allergies.

世界過敏之都是指世界上過敏最多的地方。

BBC journalist Frances Mao is from Australia

BBC 記者 Frances Mao 來自澳洲，

and explains some of the allergy data to BBC World Service podcast What in the World.

她在 BBC 世界頻道的播客《What in the World》中解釋了一些過敏數據。

You're from Australia,

你來自澳洲，

which has been called the allergy capital of the world.

這個被稱為世界過敏之都的地方。

What is it about Australia in particular that is making people more allergic? 文法

澳洲到底有什麼特別之處，讓那裡的人更容易過敏呢？

Australia's termed the allergy capital of the world because due to the research and the data that shows that almost one in 10 infants have marked a allergy. 用詞

澳洲被稱為世界過敏之都是因為研究和數據顯示，幾乎每十個嬰兒中就有一個有明顯的過敏症狀。

And and often that's a food allergy or a respiratory allergy. 用詞

這通常是食物過敏或呼吸道過敏。

And that does drop off once they're a bit older, 片語動詞

當他們稍微長大一點後，這個比例確實會下降，

age six or so,

在六歲左右，

it goes down to about you know 6% 片語搭配

它下降到大約，你知道的，6%，

and then as an adult,

然後成年後，

it goes down to like 3%.

它下降到大約 3%。

Frances talks about the high numbers of Australian infants, 表達脈絡

Frances 談到了澳洲嬰兒的高數字，

that's babies,

也就是小寶寶們，

who have allergies.

患有過敏症的比例。

But she says the numbers drop off as children get older.

但她說隨著孩子長大，這些數字會 drop off（下降）。

If numbers or rates of something drop off,

如果某件事的數量或比例 drop off，

they get lower.

就是指它們降低了。

By age six or so,

到六歲左右，

Australian children are less likely to have allergies. 文法

澳洲兒童患過敏症的可能性變小了。

We can use or so in informal speech 片語搭配

我們可以在非正式講話中使用 or so（左右），

to show that the number is an estimate.

來表示數字是個估算。

It's not exact.

不是確切的。

So,

那麼，

Beth, is there anything we can do about all these allergies?

貝絲，對於這些過敏症，我們能做些什麼嗎？

Well,

嗯，

scientists are investigating giving babies vitamin D, 文法

科學家們正在研究給嬰兒服用維他命D，

which can be shown to reduce allergies. 文法

這已被證明可以減少過敏。

Another technique is immunotherapy, 用詞

另一種技術是免疫療法，

which involves scientists giving children tiny amounts of the thing they are allergic to and then building up their baby's tolerance. 講解

即科學家給孩子們服用少量他們過敏的物質，然後培養嬰兒的耐受性。

Interesting.

有意思。

And I think it's time to find out the answer to my question.

我想現在是時候揭曉我問題的答案了。

I asked you, what is the most common allergy in the world?

我問你，世界上最常見的過敏是什麼？

I said pollen.

我說是花粉。

Was I right?

我答對了嗎？

You were right.

你答對了。

Well done.

真棒。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned, 表達脈絡

讓我們回顧一下今天學到的詞彙，

starting with call ahead of time,

從 call ahead of time 開始，

which means to phone somewhere,

它的意思是打電話給某個地方，

like a restaurant,

比如餐廳，

before your appointment or before you go there.

在你的預約時間之前或去那裡之前。

If you accommodate someone,

如果你 accommodate 某人，

you give them what they need.

你就是滿足他們的需求。

Protocols are strict rules for how something is done.

Protocols 是關於如何做事的一套嚴格規則。

If somewhere is the capital of the world for a particular thing,

如果某個地方是某個特定事物的 capital of the world，

it's known for that thing.

它就是以那件事而聞名。

For example,

例如，

London is sometimes called the theater capital of the world

倫敦有時被稱為世界戲劇之都，

because we have lots of theaters.

因為我們有很多劇院。

If numbers drop off,

如果數字 drop off，

it means they get lower.

意味著它們降低了。

And we can add or so to a number in informal speech

我們可以在非正式講話中在數字後加上 or so，

to show that the number is an estimate.

來表示數字是估算的。

It's not exact.

不是確切的。

Once again,

再一次，

our 6 minutes are up. 片語搭配

我們的六分鐘到了。

But you can test your knowledge even more

但你可以進一步測試你的知識，

using the interactive quiz on our website.

使用我們網站上的互動測驗。

Visit bbclearningenglish.com.

造訪 bbclearningenglish.com。

Bye for now. 片語搭配

先說再見囉。

Bye.

再見。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

來自 bbclearningenglish.com 的《六分鐘英語》。