在其他國家被視為無禮的美國人行為：英語精讀講義

The big brash rude American,

傲慢粗魯的美國佬，

an unfair stereotype made up by non-Americans harboring animosity towards a hegemonic culture 講解

這是對霸權文化心存敵意的非美國人所捏造的不公平刻板印象，

that has bled into almost every crevice of the world, 慣用語

這種文化已經滲透到世界幾乎每一個角落，

or an unassailable truth that Americans should take counsel for.

還是美國人應該引以為戒的鐵板釘釘的真相？

The concept of the rude American has been around a while.

「粗魯的美國人」這一概念由來已久。

Mark Twain wrote about the phenomenon of the loud gauche American upsetting the locals on his travels,

馬克·吐溫曾在遊記中寫道，吵鬧又笨拙的美國人讓當地人感到不快，

while a novel and later a movie starring Marlon Brando was called The Ugly American.

後來，一部由馬龍·白蘭度主演的同名小說及電影被命名為《醜陋的美國人》。

If you are American and watching this,

如果你是美國人並且正在觀看此影片，

you might take some solace in the fact that the Chinese are making the headlines these days as the world's most badly behaved tourists. 片語搭配

也許能從最近的新聞頭條中得到些許安慰：如今中國遊客成了全球最沒素質的遊客。

The question is,

問題是，

are the Yanks really that bad? 用詞

美國佬真的有那麼糟糕嗎？

That's what we intend to find out in this episode of The Infographics Show,

這正是我們在本期 The Infographics Show 中要探討的，

American behaviors considered rude around the world.

那些在世界各地被視為粗魯的美國人行為。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button so that you can be part of our notification squad.

別忘了訂閱並點擊小鈴鐺，這樣你就能加入我們的通知小分隊啦。

If there is one thing Americans, 文法

如果有一件事是美國人，

fairly or unfairly,

無論公平與否，

are accused of,

總被指責的，

it's being too loud.

那就是他們太吵了。

This has been an accusation going around for some time.

這個指控已經流傳了一段時間。

Is it actually true?

這到底是不是真的？

Well,

好吧，

a lot of opinion articles out there seem to think so.

許多觀點文章似乎都這麼認為。

There is no scientific evidence, however. 表達脈絡

然而，這並沒有科學依據。

A story published by the Huffington Post once blamed this loudness on the fact

《哈芬登郵報》發表的一篇文章曾將這種吵鬧歸咎於一個事實，

that awareness of how personal actions impact others seems to be a weak point for Americans in general.

那就是總體而言，美國人不太關注個人行為對他人造成的影響。

The loud Chinese tourist groups are set to be partly a result of personal space,

中國旅遊團的吵鬧據稱部分是因為個人空間的問題，

or lack thereof. 片語搭配

或者說缺乏個人空間。

But Americans have space for the most part.

但美國人在很大程度上是擁有個人空間的。

Some people take American loudness seriously too.

也有人對美國人的吵鬧很較真。

One cafe in Ireland made the headlines in 2014 because of a sign in its window,

2014年，愛爾蘭一家咖啡館因其櫥窗裡的一塊標語而登上了頭條，

"No bus/coach or loud Americans, thank you."

上面寫著：「謝絕大巴/長途客車或吵鬧的美國人，謝謝。」

This sparked outrage in America,

這在美國引發了公憤，

but we might ask if all these quiet objectors have a point. 慣用語

但我們也許會問，這些安靜的抗議者是否有他們的道理。

American writer and social critic Hunter S. Thompson may have put the alleged loudness down to privilege, 片語動詞

美國作家兼社會評論家 Hunter S. Thompson 也許將所謂的吵鬧歸結為特權、

pride,

驕傲，

and too much belief in personal power.

以及對個人力量的過度自信。

But in America,

但在美國，

perhaps making yourself heard is A-OK. 文法

也許大聲表達自己的聲音是完全沒有問題的。

Unfortunately for loud folks,

對於大嗓門的人來說不幸的是，

in some cultures it isn't.

在某些文化中並非如此。

What many tourists traveling in the USA don't realize is that tipping in some situations is not just an act of kindness,

許多去美國旅遊的遊客沒有意識到，在某些情況下，給小費不僅僅是一種善舉，

but due to low wages the tips are actually expected.

由於工資低，其實也是一種必須。

Not tipping in some situations would be plain rudeness.

在某些情況下不給小費純屬無禮。

It can also work the other way in other countries. 慣用語

在其他國家，情況可能截然相反。

Tipping can be insulting in some cultures,

在某些文化中，給小費可能是一種侮辱，

just as walking up to someone in the street and handing them a dollar

就像你在街上走到某人面前遞給他們一美元，

because you thought their shoes were tatty would be insulting.

只因為你覺得他們的鞋子破爛不堪一樣，這也會是一種侮辱。

If Americans plan on going to Japan,

如果美國人打算去日本，

for instance,

比如，

they shouldn't tip.

他們就不應該給小費。

Rather,

相反，

they should just be polite and uh not too loud.

他們只需保持禮貌，並且，嗯，別太吵。

In a Japanese restaurant or using a taxi service,

在日本的餐廳裡或搭乘計程車時，

if you try to tip,

如果你試圖給小費，

you'll likely get the money back.

你很可能會被退回這筆錢。

Good service is something you deserve in Japan,

在日本，良好的服務是你應得的，

and handing over money might be perceived as charity.

遞錢可能會被視為施捨。

Much of Asia,

亞洲大部分地區，

China,

中國大陸、

Hong Kong,

香港、

South Korea,

韓國，

is similar,

也是類似的情況，

but the same goes for parts of Europe. 片語搭配

歐洲部分地區也是如此。

In the UK,

在英國，

it might be okay to tip in a high-end restaurant,

在高檔餐廳給小費可能是沒問題的，

but throw an extra quid at the barman in a traditional pub and you'll likely create an awkward moment. 用詞

但如果在傳統酒吧裡給酒保額外扔一英鎊，你很可能會製造一個尷尬的局面。

Americans are often complimented for their being forward and outspoken. 用詞

美國人常常因其直率和敢言而受到讚揚。

This has also been called obnoxious.

這也被稱為惹人討厭。

It just depends where you are.

這完全取決於你身處何地。

In much of Europe,

在歐洲的大部分地區，

especially restaurants in France and the UK,

尤其是法國和英國的餐廳，

sending food back is quite extreme. 片語動詞

退菜是一種相當極端的行為。

The customer is always right adage doesn't work so well in Europe, 文化背景

「顧客永遠是對的」這句格言在歐洲並不那麼適用，

a continent where,

在這個大洲，

according to The Guardian,

據《衛報》報導，

Americans have been dispatched from posh restaurants

美國人曾被高檔餐廳趕出去，

for asking for ketchup or salt with their haute cuisine.

原因是他們吃高級料理時要了番茄醬或鹽。

Surveys have revealed that 38% of British people

調查顯示，38% 的英國人

would never complain regardless of the state the food was in.

無論食物的狀態如何，都絕不會抱怨。

In Asia,

在亞洲，

a continent where loss of face is taken with the utmost seriousness, 文化背景

這個視「丟臉」為極其嚴肅的大洲，

Americans should be aware that if they do complain,

美國人應該意識到，如果他們確實要投訴，

it should be done in a way

應該以一種

that doesn't cause harm.

不會造成傷害的方式進行。

You could try and say,

你可以試著說：

"Hi,

「你好，

the food is absolutely delicious,

食物絕對美味，

but do you think you could put it under the grill for another 10 minutes?" 語氣意圖

但您覺得能再放回烤架上烤10分鐘嗎？」

In 2016,

在2016年，

online review community Trustpilot did indeed report

線上評論社群 Trustpilot 確實報告稱，

that Americans are prone to grumbling, 片語搭配

美國人容易發牢騷，

stating that a survey conducted

聲明說一項調查

confirms the American propensity to complain.

證實了美國人愛抱怨的傾向。

On to matters of a more sartorial nature. 表達脈絡

接下來是關於穿著方面的問題。

There's a meme making the rounds 慣用語

有個流傳甚廣的迷因，

in which tech billionaires Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg are complimented

科技億萬富翁比爾·蓋茲和馬克·祖克柏受到稱讚，

for their rather informal and unshowy dress code.

因為他們相當休閒、不張揚的著裝風格。

Americans like to don a pair of flip-flops and a T-shirt now and again, 講解

美國人喜歡時不時穿上夾腳拖和T恤，

but do this on a date,

但如果是在約會時這樣做，

in a government office,

在政府機關裡，

or at a house party in some countries,

或是某些國家的家庭聚會上，

and it could be perceived as you insulting the person

這可能會被認為是在侮辱與你見面的人

or people you are meeting with.

或人群。

In parts of the developing world,

在開發中國家的某些地區，

if you have the money,

如果你有錢，

you are expected to wear the money, 慣用語

你就被期望把錢穿在身上，

as some people can't be that fortunate.

因為有些人可能沒那麼幸運。

Never dress down when you have an appointment in Asia, 片語動詞

在亞洲赴約時千萬不要穿著隨便，

and for women,

而對於女性來說，

remember that showing too much skin could be conceived as impolite.

請記住，露出過多皮膚可能會被認為是不禮貌的。

In Thailand,

在泰國，

for instance,

比如，

while a backpacker won't get thrown out of a government office

雖然背包客不會因為

for wearing shorts and a tank top,

穿短褲和吊帶背心而被趕出政府機關，

that person's breach of Thai propriety will result in them 用詞

但這個人違反泰國禮儀的行為，將會導致他

probably just having a harder time than other tourists in that office.

在那個機關裡可能會比其他遊客遇到更多的麻煩。

If you don't care,

如果你不在乎，

they won't.

他們也就不會在乎。

In 2013,

在2013年，

the world's richest man,

世界首富，

Bill Gates,

比爾·蓋茲，

was mired in controversy after he apparently disrespected South Korean President Park Geun-hye 慣用語

陷入了爭議的泥淖，因為他顯然對南韓總統朴槿惠不敬，

by shaking her hand with his other hand in his pocket.

在與她握手時，另一隻手插在口袋裡。

We already know Gates is not one to stand on ceremony, 慣用語

我們都知道蓋茲不是一個拘泥於禮節的人，

but his lackadaisical greeting was seen as brazen to the Korean press. 用詞

但韓國媒體認為他這種漫不經心的問候是厚顏無恥的。

"Cultural difference or an act of disrespect?"

「是文化差異還是不敬的行為？」

asked one newspaper,

一家報紙質問，

and Koreans took to social media to mount a show of dismay. 片語動詞

韓國人也紛紛在社群媒體上表達了不滿。

"Even considering their cultural difference,

「即便考慮到文化差異，

there is an appropriate manner for certain occasions,"

在某些場合也應有適當的禮儀，」

wrote one commenter.

一位評論者寫道。

But to most Americans,

但對大多數美國人來說，

such an act was not an act of disrespect,

這種行為並不是不敬，

but just being friendly or laid-back.

只是表現得友好或隨意而已。

Americans value freedom and individualism,

美國人看重自由和個人主義，

while some other cultures value hierarchy,

而其他一些文化看重階級、

status,

地位，

and conformity.

以及順從。

"Speak up,

「大聲說出來，

be who you want,"

做你想做的人，」

says the American,

美國人這樣說，

while there's a saying in Japan that says,

而日本有句俗語是，

"Hammer the nail that sticks out." 文化背景

「槍打出頭鳥。」

When in Rome, 慣用語

「入境隨俗」

do as the Romans do is probably a lot more relevant to strict Asian cultures than it is to laid-back Western cultures.

對於嚴謹的亞洲文化來說，可能比對於隨性的西方文化更有現實意義。

Turning up late for an informal appointment 片語動詞

在非正式約會中遲到，

might seem like poor form in the USA, 慣用語

在美國似乎是沒規矩的表現，

and also in Northern Europe,

在北歐也是如此，

but in other countries you are actually not expected

但在其他國家，實際上並不期望你

to be right on time. 片語搭配

準時到達。

In Spain,

在西班牙，

for instance,

比如，

being on time is not seen as such a big deal at all,

準時並不被看作是什麼大不了的事，

and certainly something you shouldn't balk at.

這當然不是你應該介意的事情。

Being fussy about punctuality might be construed as being difficult offhand.

對守時過於挑剔可能會被直接認為是很難相處。

In Thailand,

在泰國，

they have what's called Thai time, 文化背景

他們有所謂的「泰國時間」，

which means being late for a date or dinner appointment

這意味著在約會或晚宴遲到，

is just accepted as the norm. 片語搭配

是被視為家常便飯的。

According to one article,

根據一篇文章所說，

in Argentina,

在阿根廷，

if you turn up on time for a dinner party at someone's house,

如果你準時去別人家赴宴，

it'll be seen as you being rather pushy.

會被認為有點強人所難。

The article compares it to being an hour early for dinner in America.

這篇文章將此比作在美國吃晚飯時提前一個小時到。

Moroccans are equally laid-back about time.

摩洛哥人在時間上同樣隨意。

According to some people,

有些人說，

they simply don't concern themselves with the matter of punctuality. 片語搭配

他們根本不關心守時這回事。

It's similar in Mexico,

在墨西哥也是類似的情況，

India,

印度、

Indonesia,

印尼、

Greece,

希臘、

Saudi Arabia,

沙烏地阿拉伯、

Ghana,

迦納，

and Russia.

以及俄羅斯。

But turn up late in Japan or the UK and you'll nettle someone's ego for sure.

但如果在日本或英國遲到，你絕對會惹惱某些自尊心強的人。

Maybe the most amusing fact is that in Brazil,

也許最有趣的事實是，在巴西，

where punctuality isn't a big issue,

守時並不那麼重要，

when they want people to actually be punctual,

但當他們希望人們準時時，

they say things like 3:00 p.m. English time. 文化背景

他們會說比如「下午三點，英國時間」。

Academics state that there are monochronic and polychronic cultures, 文化背景

學者們指出，存在單時性文化和多時性文化，

those that value orderliness and sticking to plans, 片語搭配

前者注重秩序和堅持計畫，

and those that take things as they come. 慣用語

而後者則順其自然。

Making out in public is probably the one faux pas Americans need to understand. 講解

在公開場合親熱可能是美國人需要了解的一個失禮之處。

Kissing or even hugging in public spaces in some countries

在某些國家的公共場所接吻甚至擁抱，

is about as shocking to people 文法

對人們來說是極其震驚的，

as actually having sexual intercourse in public in the USA.

就像在美國公共場所做愛一樣。

The general rule to follow here is just don't be intimate

這裡要遵循的一般規則是，不要親熱，

or over tactile with your lover in public

或在公共場合對你的伴侶有過多肢體接觸，

all over the Middle East.

這在整個中東地區都適用。

In Dubai,

在杜拜，

a city that might look modern,

這個可能看起來很現代化的城市，

kissing in public could land you in jail. 片語搭配

當眾接吻可能會讓你鋃鐺入獄。

In Indonesia,

在印尼，

a kissing session in the streets could result in a fine of $29,000.

街頭接吻可能會導致 29,000 美元的罰款。

The same goes for most Muslim cultures,

大多數穆斯林文化也是如此，

but also in non-Muslim parts of etiquette-heavy Asia,

但在禮儀繁瑣的亞洲非穆斯林地區，

public displays of affection are generally outlawed in a non-legal sense. 片語搭配

公開放閃通常在非法律意義上也是被禁止的。

Holding hands might be acceptable,

牽手也許是可以接受的，

but anything that might provoke a "get a room" response in the USA would definitely be met with disdain. 講解

但任何在美國會招致「去開個房間吧」之類反應的行為，絕對會遭到鄙視。

If loud noise is merely irksome in some cultures,

如果大聲喧譁在某些文化中僅僅是煩人，

getting it on in public could be a serious offense both legally and in the context of propriety. 慣用語

那麼在公共場合親熱則可能無論在法律上還是在禮節上都是一種嚴重的冒犯。

Always be sure to read the cultural do's and don'ts before visiting any country. 慣用語

在訪問任何國家之前，務必了解當地的文化禁忌。

Follow this advice and you will certainly have a better experience traveling around the world.

遵循這些建議，你一定會有一個更美好的環球旅行體驗。

To be fair to Americans, 表達脈絡

對美國人公平一點來說，

we might also remember that they could also be the ones upset at having their own boundaries breached regarding behavior. 片語搭配

我們也可以記住，如果他們在行為上的界限被打破，他們也可能會感到不快。

This could happen when the Asian person doesn't think twice 慣用語

比如，當亞洲人毫不猶豫地

about asking Americans how much money they earn

問美國人賺多少錢，

or asking their age or telling them

或問他們的年齡，或告訴他們

that they've put on lots of weight and look fat. 片語動詞

他們胖了很多、看起來很胖時。

Okay for them,

對亞洲人來說沒關係，

impolite to the American.

但對美國人來說不禮貌。

Or what about when the Spanish dude turns up one hour late

或者那個西班牙哥們遲到了一個小時

for dinner and the meal is ruined?

赴宴，把飯局搞砸了呢？

Or when that Chinese girl you started dating got upset

又或者你剛開始交往的中國女孩，

just because you showed her some warmth and affection.

僅僅因為你對她表現出一些熱情和愛意就不高興了呢。

With this in mind, 表達脈絡

考慮到這些，

do you really think it's fair that Americans are called rude or ugly?

你真的認為美國人被稱為粗魯或醜陋是公平的嗎？

Let us know in the comments.

請在留言區告訴我們。

And if you liked this video,

如果你喜歡這個影片，

be sure to check out our other video called "What if the US budget was only $100?"

一定要去看看我們的另一個影片，叫做《如果美國預算只有100美元會怎樣？》。

Thanks for watching,

感謝觀看，

and as always,

一如既往，

don't forget to like,

別忘了按讚、

share,

分享、

and subscribe.

和訂閱。

See you next time.

下次見。