月經真的會讓女性情緒不穩嗎？（特邀 iiSuperwomanii）：英語精讀講義

This is Lilly, also known as Superwoman on YouTube. 片語搭配

這是 Lilly，在 YouTube 上也叫 Superwoman。

And as a member of the female sex,

身為女性，

she experiences her period on a monthly basis. 片語搭配

她每個月都會來月經。

You see,

你看，

the first time I got my period, 文法

我第一次來月經時，

I had no idea what was going on. 文法

完全不知道發生了什麼事。

I walked into the washroom,

我走進廁所，

took down my underwear,

脫下內褲，

and I was like, 用詞

然後心想：

"What is this?"

「這是什麼？」

Because I never got the talk. 文化背景

因為從來沒有人跟我講過這件事。

So I was so concerned and like my mind was racing. 慣用語

所以我超擔心，腦中各種念頭飛快閃過。

Did I fall off my bike earlier today

難道是我今天稍早騎腳踏車摔下來了？

because I had no idea what was going on.

因為我當時完全搞不清楚狀況。

And I'm pretty sure most girls go through that denial phase 片語搭配

我很確定，大多數女孩都會經歷那種否認階段，

where it's like roadkill.

感覺就像看到路邊被撞死的動物。

It's like you hate it

你很不想看，

but you can't look away. 片語動詞

卻又移不開目光。

So I was just like,

所以我當時只覺得：

"I'm dying.

「我要死了。

I am dying."

我要死了。」

What you may or may not realize 表達脈絡

你可能知道，也可能沒注意到，

is that every single time a woman has her period,

女性每次來月經，

it's because her body was preparing to get pregnant and have a child.

都是因為她的身體原本正在為懷孕生小孩做準備。

You know,

你知道，

the act that perpetuates our entire species.

這可是讓整個人類延續下去的行為。

Yes,

沒錯，

every single month

每個月，

the female body goes through an incredibly complex

女性的身體都會經歷一種極其複雜

and fascinating transformation called the menstrual cycle. 文化背景

又奇妙的變化，稱為月經週期。

It all starts in the ovaries,

一切都從卵巢開始，

which each contain over 100,000 eggs.

每個卵巢裡都有超過十萬個卵子。

Once a month,

每個月，

one egg will release,

都會排出一個卵子，

which spends roughly three days making its way to the uterus. 片語搭配

它大約要花三天前往子宮。

And while it's making its way there,

當它往子宮移動時，

the uterus begins to create a lining,

子宮會開始形成內膜，

which is rich in nutrients 片語搭配

其中富含營養

and everything essential to begin life.

以及孕育生命所需的一切。

Under the right circumstances, 片語搭配

在適當的情況下，

a sperm will fertilize the egg

精子會使卵子受精，

and begin pregnancy in the womb.

並在子宮內開始妊娠。

Before this, however, 表達脈絡

不過在此之前，

female ovaries increase production of the hormones estrogen and progesterone,

女性的卵巢會增加雌激素和黃體素的分泌，

and these hormones promote and maintain the special lining of the uterus.

這些荷爾蒙會促進並維持子宮內這層特殊的內膜。

But the hormones also enter the bloodstream

但這些荷爾蒙也會進入血液，

and travel throughout the body,

隨著血液流遍全身，

including your brain.

包括大腦。

It's here that estrogen and progesterone

一般認為，正是在大腦裡，雌激素和黃體素

are thought to interfere with other chemical messengers in the brain 文法

會干擾其他化學訊使，

called neurotransmitters.

也就是神經傳導物質。

And this can lead to the notorious premenstrual syndrome 講解

這可能引發惡名昭彰的經前症候群，

or PMS in women.

也就是女性的 PMS。

More like period

倒不如說是「月經

my sucks.

讓我糟透了」。

Science.

科學。

So there's a whole bunch of chemicals in my brain,

所以，我腦中有一大堆化學物質，

and they're all out of whack, 慣用語

而且全都亂了套，

messing with my mind every single month.

每個月都來擾亂我的心智。

I mean,

我的意思是，

science is messing with my conscious.

科學正在折騰我的意識。

I'm irritable and anxious,

我變得易怒又焦慮，

and I haven't even started my period yet. 文法

可是我的月經甚至還沒來。

Which brings up an important point. 表達脈絡

這就帶出了一個重點。

PMS is not the same thing as your period, 文法

PMS 和月經不是同一回事，

which is perhaps one of the biggest myths out there.

這或許是流傳最廣的迷思之一。

It actually happens 7 to 14 days

它其實會提早7到14天出現，

before a girl even shows signs of bleeding. 片語搭配

那時女孩甚至還沒有出血的跡象。

This is because estrogen and progesterone levels peak

這是因為雌激素和黃體素的濃度會在

during the creation of the uterine lining.

子宮內膜形成期間達到高峰。

Roughly 50 to 80% of women have experienced

大約有50%到80%的女性曾經歷過

some degree of physical or psychological PMS symptoms. 片語搭配

不同程度的 PMS 生理或心理症狀。

But many aren't even aware that PMS

但很多人甚至不知道，PMS

can occur so much earlier than the period 文法

可能比月經本身早這麼多出現，

as contemporary culture perpetuates the myth 片語搭配

因為現代文化一直在延續一個迷思：

that it's menstruation or the period itself 文法

認為是月經，也就是經期本身，

that causes these hormonal changes.

造成這些荷爾蒙變化。

PMS can manifest itself as psychological symptoms 用詞

PMS 可能表現為心理症狀，

such as mood changes,

例如情緒變化：

I hate you so much

我恨死你了，

but you're kind of cute at the same time.

可是同時又覺得你有點可愛。

But I want to kill you.

但我還是想殺了你。

anger, crying, and irritability.

還有憤怒、哭泣和易怒。

It's fine. 語氣意圖

沒事。

It's fine.

沒事。

It's fine.

沒事。

It's fine.

沒事。

It's fine.

沒事。

It's fine.

沒事。

It's fine.

沒事。

It's fine.

沒事。

It's fine.

沒事。

Or as physical symptoms such as upset stomach,

也可能表現為生理症狀，例如腸胃不適、

difficulty sleeping, 文法

難以入睡，

and even nausea.

甚至噁心。

One woman's PMS is not like the other,

每位女性的 PMS 都不一樣，

which is why health professionals have trouble 講解

所以醫療專業人員很難

finding a clear understanding of how it all works.

清楚弄懂這一切究竟如何運作。

Other physical changes take place as well. 片語動詞

身體也會發生其他變化。

The amygdala in the brain,

大腦裡的杏仁核

which controls emotion,

負責控制情緒，

increases its activity.

它的活動會增強。

We also see lower levels of the feel-good chemical serotonin 用詞

我們也會看到，讓人感覺愉悅的化學物質血清素

and the neurotransmitter GABA,

以及神經傳導物質 GABA 的濃度下降，

which has anti-anxiety effects,

後者具有抗焦慮作用，

meaning stress and anxiety run high. 慣用語

這表示壓力和焦慮都會升高。

Oh, okay.

喔，好吧。

So you're wondering why I feel this way

所以你還在納悶，我為什麼會有這種感覺，

when all this stuff is happening in my body?

明明我的身體裡正在發生這麼多事？

Because I can become a hot mess 慣用語

因為我可能會變得一團糟，

and I cannot control it.

而且完全控制不了。

It's like I want to make out with you 片語動詞

我一方面想跟你熱吻，

but I also don't want you to touch me.

另一方面又不想讓你碰我。

Because like you're good looking and stuff 用詞

因為你確實長得滿好看之類的，

but I also hate you

可是我又很討厭你，

and I want lots of chocolate.

還想吃一大堆巧克力。

And here I am thinking maybe I'm just having a bad day 表達脈絡

我卻還以為自己可能只是今天不太順，

or I'm being crazy 文法

或是我瘋了，

because it's not happening at the same time as my period.

因為這並不是在我來月經時發生的。

But no, that could have just been PMS. 文法

但其實不是，那可能只是 PMS。

But when menstruation or the period begins,

但當月經，也就是經期開始時，

these hormone levels drop sharply.

這些荷爾蒙的濃度會急遽下降。

After no fertilization occurs,

如果沒有受精，

estrogen and progesterone levels drop

雌激素和黃體素的濃度就會下降，

and the body realizes it just ain't happening. 用詞

身體也會發現：這次沒戲了。

As a result, 表達脈絡

因此，

it begins to literally shed the layer

身體真的會開始排出

it had created for a potential fetus. 文法

原本為潛在胎兒準備的那層內膜。

And this shedding of the membrane and mucus

這些脫落的內膜和黏液

has nowhere to go 文法

無處可去，

but out,

只能排出體外，

which of course has its pitfalls as well. 慣用語

當然，這也會帶來一些麻煩。

But this is when the really fun part starts

不過，真正「好玩」的部分現在才開始，

because although there's not the same amount of hormones

因為儘管我腦中不再有同樣多的荷爾蒙

raging around in my brain,

橫衝直撞，

now I get to push an unused membrane, 語氣意圖

我現在卻得把沒用上的內膜、

mucus, and blood out of my system.

黏液和血液排出體外。

It's honestly a lot of fun

說真的，這可「太好玩了」，

because it causes cramping and bloating

因為它會造成腹部絞痛和腹脹，

and the wonderful condition

還會帶來一種超棒的狀態：

of wanting to poop

想大便，

but not being able to.

卻大不出來。

Of course, when it ends,

當然，等它結束後，

the cycle gets to start all over again. 慣用語

整個週期又可以從頭再來。

A cycle which is essential

而這個週期對

for the perpetuation of our species.

我們人類的延續至關重要。

So if I'm having an off day, dude, 慣用語

所以，老兄，如果我哪天狀態不對，

just know I'm doing it for humanity.

你只要知道，我這是為了全人類。

Because there's only a few consistent cycles in the universe.

因為宇宙中始終如一的循環只有那麼幾個。

The sun rises and sets, 表達脈絡

太陽東升西落，

tides come in and out,

潮水漲了又退，

and my menstruation.

還有我的月經。

So appreciate.

所以，要懂得感激。

That's right.

沒錯。

Women are awesome, okay?

女性超棒的，好嗎？

We'll be here signing autographs all night.

我們會在這裡簽一整晚的名。

Seriously, without the persistent nature of the menstruation cycle, 文法

說真的，如果月經週期不能持續循環，

our very existence as a species

我們身為一個物種的存在本身

would be completely altered.

都會徹底改變。

So while changes in mood

所以，儘管情緒變化

may be a byproduct of this incredible event, 片語搭配

可能是這場神奇事件的副作用，

we wager it's all worth it. 講解

但我們敢說，這一切都值得。

So thank you, women,

所以，謝謝妳們，各位女性，

for being strong enough 文法

謝謝妳們如此堅強，

to put up with PMS and menstruation. 片語動詞

能夠忍受 PMS 和月經。

We owe you for this one.

這件事，我們欠妳們一個人情。

Be sure to check out the amazing Lilly's YouTube channel iiSuperwomanii

一定要去看看超棒的 Lilly 在 YouTube 上的頻道 iiSuperwomanii，

for more hilarious videos.

欣賞更多爆笑影片。

Seriously, she is one of the funniest people on YouTube.

說真的，她是 YouTube 上最好笑的人之一。

We'll put a link in the description below.

我們會把連結放在下方的說明欄裡。

And subscribe for more weekly science videos.

也別忘了訂閱，觀看每週更新的更多科學影片。

No, but for real though, 用詞

不過，說真的，

like you can get pretty crazy when you're on your period.

來月經時，妳確實可能變得滿瘋狂的。

If you don't believe me,

如果你不相信我，

this is actually a self-portrait I did while I was on my period.

這其實是我來月經時畫的一幅自畫像。

Nice.

不錯。