世界上最精銳的特種部隊有哪些？：英語精讀講義

Almost all countries have a special elite unit of soldiers that have been trained both physically and mentally

幾乎所有國家都有一支在身體和心理上都受過特殊訓練的菁英士兵部隊，

to fight enemies when the job is a bridge too far for regular soldiers. 慣用語

當常規士兵無法勝任任務時，他們就會出動打擊敵人。

Months of grueling training,

數月的艱苦訓練，

which is too much for most aspiring elite soldiers,

對大多數有抱負的菁英士兵來說太過嚴苛，

also teaches them to endure and withstand punishment and torture.

但也教會了他們如何忍受和抵禦懲罰與折磨。

We don't know many of these elite soldiers

我們對這些菁英士兵知之甚少，

because for the most part what they do remains a secret 片語搭配

因為在大多數情況下，他們的行動是保密的，

and with it their identity.

他們的身份也是如此。

They work in the background for much of the time 慣用語

他們大部分時間都在幕後工作，

and only occasionally do the public hear of their missions. 文法

公眾只是偶爾會聽到他們執行任務的消息。

They provide their own citizens with security

他們為本國公民提供安全保障，

but for their enemies they are ghosts to be feared. 慣用語

但對於敵人來說，他們是令人恐懼的幽靈。

Today we'll look at the best of them in this episode of the Infographics Show,

今天，我們將在《資訊圖解秀》的這期節目中，看看他們之中最棒的，

most elite special forces in the world.

世界上最頂尖的特種部隊。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button

別忘了訂閱並點擊小鈴鐺，

so that you can be part of our notification squad. 文法

這樣你就能加入我們的通知小分隊了。

Number nine,

第九名，

SSG, Pakistan.

巴基斯坦，SSG。

Also known as the Black Storks,

特種勤務大隊也被稱為「黑鸛」，

the Special Services Group was formed in 1956.

成立於1956年。

They assist the army in numerous conflicts and military operations,

他們協助軍隊參與多次衝突和軍事行動，

as well as serve the country in countering terrorism.

並在反恐方面為國家效力。

The training is grueling, but that's a given for this list. You can join this band of soldiers 慣用語

訓練是殘酷的，但對這份榜單來說理所當然。你能加入這支部隊，

only if you have at least two years experience in the Pakistani Armed Forces. Training takes nine months 文法

前提是你必須在巴基斯坦武裝部隊中至少有兩年的服役經驗。訓練為期九個月，

and includes such things as a 36-mi march in just 24 hours.

其中包括在短短24小時內行軍36英里。

With Pakistan's borders always on high alert, 片語搭配

由於巴基斯坦的邊境始終處於高度戒備狀態，

these are some very courageous soldiers that,

這裡的士兵非常勇敢，

unlike some units on this list,

與本榜單上的其他一些部隊不同，

are in danger throughout much of their careers.

他們在大部分職業生涯中都處於危險之中。

Number eight,

第八名，

GSG 9,

德國，

Germany.

GSG 9。

One might think that compared to SSG, 表達脈絡

有人可能會認為，與SSG相比，

Germany's Grenzschutzgruppe 9 is not very busy.

德國第九國境防衛隊並不算太忙碌。

But as a police tactical unit,

但作為一支警察戰術單位，

they are involved with matters not so much concerning protecting borders, 文法

他們的工作與其說是保護邊境，

but stepping in when the job is too big for the police. 片語動詞

不如說是當警察難以應對時介入處理。

This might include terrorism,

這可能包括恐怖主義，

but also kidnapping and extortion.

還有綁架和勒索。

Their last known mission,

比如，

for instance,

他們最近一次廣為人知的任務，

was the 2016 mass shooting in Munich.

就是2016年慕尼黑的大規模槍擊事件。

They've even been involved in taking down Hells Angels. 講解

他們甚至參與過搗毀地獄天使黑幫的行動。

They may not have the most rigorous training on this list,

他們也許沒有本榜單上最嚴苛的訓練，

but as a special police unit,

但作為一支特別警察部隊，

they are hard to beat. 慣用語

他們是很難被擊敗的。

Number seven,

第七名，

MARCOS,

印度，

India.

MARCOS。

The Marine Commando Force is India's version of the US's Navy Seals 片語搭配

海軍突擊隊是印度版的海豹突擊隊，

or the UK's SBS.

或者是英國的SBS。

Their motto is The Few,

他們的座右銘是「少數人，

The Fearless.

無畏者」。

They deal with anything from counter terrorism 文法

他們的任務範圍從反恐

to fighting pirates and operations underwater.

到打擊海盜和水下作戰。

In 2015,

2015年，

the India Times gave 15 reasons why this special forces outfit was the best in the world,

《印度時報》給出了15個理由，說明為什麼這支特種部隊是世界上最好的，

although the evidence was no more compelling than a few other units on this list could provide. 文法

儘管這些證據並不比本榜單上其他幾支部隊所能提供的更有說服力。

They do have a very difficult 2 to 3-yr training period,

他們的確有長達2到3年的極其艱難的訓練期，

as it's a continuous process,

因為這是一個持續的過程，

and apparently 80% of trainees drop out early. 片語動詞

顯然有80%的受訓者在早期就被淘汰。

It includes 5 weeks of hell,

其中包括5週的地獄週，

according to the Times,

據《時報》報導，

consisting of long marches,

包括長途跋涉、

sleep deprivation,

剝奪睡眠，

and arms training.

以及武器訓練。

If they pass that,

如果通過了這些，

they then do their parachute and diving training.

他們接下來會進行跳傘和潛水訓練。

As India has all the perfect spots for intense training,

因為印度擁有所有適合高強度訓練的絕佳地點，

MARCOS spend a lot of time being thrown into the jungle and left on mountains.

MARCOS花了很多時間被扔進叢林和留在山上。

One commando said he did the Navy Seals course with ease during an exchange program. 片語搭配

一名突擊隊員說，在一次交流項目中他輕鬆地完成了海豹突擊隊的課程。

Number six,

第六名，

Delta Force.

三角洲部隊。

The USA's Delta Force is a special unit of the army

美國的三角洲部隊是陸軍的一支特種部隊，

that deals mostly with hostage rescue and counter terrorism.

主要負責營救人質和反恐。

It was actually formed for that in the 1970s

它實際上是為了應對20世紀70年代

following a slew of terrorist attacks. 用詞

發生的一系列恐怖襲擊而成立的。

The unit is relatively small with just 1,000 soldiers,

這支部隊規模相對較小，只有1000名士兵，

around 300 of whom are trained for direct action. 文法

其中約300人接受過直接行動的訓練。

Recruits are taken from the military when they have enough experience,

新兵是從擁有足夠經驗的軍隊中挑選出來的，

and as it's a very secretive unit,

而且由於這是一支非常機密的部隊，

recruits have to get past many security checks 片語動詞

新兵必須通過許多安全審查，

and must also have never incurred a court martial. 文化背景

並且必須從未受過軍事法庭審判。

You also have to pass a series of physical tests,

你還必須通過一系列體能測試，

such as hikes with a 40-lb backpack,

比如背著40磅的背包徒步，

and also be able to run 2 mi and swim 100 m fully clothed.

以及能夠穿著全套衣物跑2英里並游100公尺。

It doesn't sound as grueling as the Seals,

這聽起來不如海豹突擊隊那麼折磨人，

but trainees will also be pushed to their psychological limits under interrogations. 慣用語

但受訓者在審訊下也會被逼到心理極限。

Number five,

第五名，

Alpha Group,

俄羅斯，

Russia.

阿爾法小組。

Of course,

當然，

Russia has an excellent special forces unit with such a powerful military.

擁有如此強大軍力的俄羅斯擁有一支卓越的特種部隊。

The Alpha Group is what the name says,

阿爾法小組人如其名，

the best soldiers in all of Russia.

是全俄羅斯最好的士兵。

Created by the KGB in 1974, 文法

該部隊由KGB於1974年創立，

the unit helps with police matters,

協助處理警方事務，

but also with military matters.

但也參與軍事事務。

This might relate to terrorism,

這可能涉及恐怖主義、

hostage taking,

劫持人質，

and covert operations in and outside the country. 用詞

以及在國內外進行的隱蔽行動。

One such internal operation included the 1983 hijacking of Aeroflot flight 6833,

1983年俄羅斯航空6833航班劫機事件就是其中一次國內行動，

which unfortunately resulted in the loss of life of five hostages, 用詞

遺憾的是，這次事件導致了五名人質喪生，

but also the capture and killing of the hijackers.

但也抓獲並擊斃了劫機者。

They were also heavily involved with the Soviet War in Afghanistan.

他們還深度參與了蘇聯在阿富汗的戰爭。

Training lasts 3 years

訓練為期3年，

and you must be between 22 and 27 years old to start.

開始訓練時你的年齡必須在22歲到27歲之間。

They only want the smartest soldiers,

他們只想要最聰明的士兵，

so you must have a university education to join.

所以你必須擁有大學學歷才能加入。

You'll then have to pass a series of physical tests

然後你必須通過一系列體能測試，

and also diving,

還有潛水、

sniper operations,

狙擊手行動、

parachuting,

跳傘，

and martial arts.

和武術。

Number four,

第四名，

SBS.

SBS。

The Special Boat Service is the UK's wet version of the SAS 慣用語

特殊舟艇部隊是英國水上版本的SAS，

and has similarities to the Navy Seals.

與海豹突擊隊有相似之處。

Like the SAS,

像SAS一樣，

it was formed during World War II

它成立於第二次世界大戰期間，

as a special covert unit often working behind enemy lines.

作為一支特別隱蔽部隊，經常在敵後行動。

The training is quite similar to that of the SAS, 文法

訓練與SAS非常相似，

although obviously recruits have much more challenging training in the water.

儘管新兵在水中的訓練顯然更具挑戰性。

In fact,

事實上，

according to an elite forces website in the UK,

根據英國一家菁英部隊網站的說法，

SBS soldiers believe they are better trained

SBS士兵認為自己受過的訓練更好，

because the ocean is a much more challenging environment than land.

因為海洋是比陸地更具挑戰性的環境。

The counter argument is that the SAS are more involved in conflicts 表達脈絡

反對的觀點是，SAS更多地捲入衝突中，

and are better funded,

並且資金更充足，

so they are put to much more use.

所以他們被派上用場的機會也多得多。

Number three,

第三名，

Sayeret Matkal,

野小子特種部隊。

Israel.

以色列。

Otherwise known as the General Staff Reconnaissance Unit 269, 片語搭配

又稱總參謀部偵察部隊第269部隊，

this special forces unit,

這支特種部隊，

like the SAS,

像SAS一樣，

spends much of its time behind enemy lines.

它的大部分時間都在敵後度過。

In fact,

事實上，

it shares the same motto of Who Dares Wins. 慣用語

它與SAS共享同樣的座右銘「勇者必勝」。

It was formed in the 1950s

它成立於20世紀50年代，

and the small unit consisted of hand-picked men who were not just physically strong, 講解

這支小部隊由精挑細選的人組成，他們不僅身體強壯，

but showed superior intelligence to other soldiers.

而且表現出比其他士兵更卓越的智慧。

Recruitment camp itself is reported as hell,

招募營本身就被稱為地獄，

with the young men going through intense physical training without much sleep. 片語動詞

年輕人們在沒有太多睡眠的情況下經歷高強度的體能訓練。

If they get through that,

如果他們熬過了這一關，

secondary training lasts for almost 2 years.

第二階段的訓練將持續將近2年。

This will consist of large and small arms training,

這將包括大型和輕型武器訓練、

navigation and reconnaissance,

導航和偵察、

martial arts,

武術，

and an insanely long 75-mi march.

以及一次長達75英里的瘋狂行軍。

After that,

在那之後，

they will specialize in one or more skills.

他們將專攻一項或多項技能。

Number two,

第二名，

US Navy Seals.

美國海軍海豹突擊隊。

The Seals are renowned for breaking 慣用語

海豹突擊隊以摧殘

people, and as you will know from our show on this unit,

人的意志而聞名，正如你可能從我們關於這支部隊的節目中了解到，

very few people actually make it through the training. 片語動詞

實際上很少有人能完成訓練。

Not only that, 表達脈絡

不僅如此，

just in the last few years there have been instances of deaths occurring during recruitment,

就在過去幾年裡，招募期間也曾發生過死亡事件，

which have occurred in the training pool and elsewhere.

這些事件發生在訓練池和其他地方。

In fact,

事實上，

in 2016,

在2016年，

it was reported that the nine deaths during training from 2013 to 2016

據報導，從2013年到2016年，在訓練中死亡的九人

was more than happened in actual combat.

比實際戰鬥中的死亡人數還多。

Although we should say that these were not only due to training,

雖然我們必須指出，這些不僅僅是訓練直接造成的，

but the consequences of the stresses of going through it.

也是經歷這些極限壓力帶來的後果。

Recruits experience a personal hell, 表達脈絡

新兵們經歷了私人的地獄，

literally,

毫不誇張地說，

as the worst of the training is called Hell Week.

因為最糟糕的訓練被稱為地獄週。

This is when most people drop out.

這是大多數人退出的階段。

If you do manage to get through it all,

如果你真的成功挺了過來，

there is no doubt you are one tough cookie. 慣用語

毫無疑問你是個硬漢。

You'll also have some of the best military acumen in the world. 用詞

你還將擁有世界上最敏銳的軍事頭腦。

Number one,

第一名，

British SAS.

英國特種空勤團(SAS)。

You may be wondering why we are putting the SAS above the Seals, 表達脈絡

你可能想知道為什麼我們把SAS排在海豹突擊隊之上，

a unit that has seen its fair share of deaths during training.

畢竟海豹突擊隊在訓練中也出現了不少死亡事件。

The difference is the SAS has a more vigorous,

區別在於SAS有更強烈的，

some might say torturous, 語氣意圖

有人可能會說是折磨人的，

mental training.

心理訓練。

The physical training seems as difficult as the Seals training

體能訓練似乎和海豹突擊隊的訓練一樣難，

and you are expected to navigate through jungles in Belize and Borneo,

你被期望能在貝里斯和婆羅洲的叢林中穿梭，

as well as make your way out of mountain ranges carrying a heavy backpack and weapons. 講解

並背著沉重的背包和武器走出山脈。

This is where the deaths occurred recently,

這就是最近發生死亡事件的地方，

but there is something even more brutal

但還有更殘酷的，

and that is the psychological training of the SAS.

那就是SAS的心理訓練。

Veterans have said you might get injured doing the physical stuff,

老兵們說過，你在做體能訓練時可能會受傷，

but when the trainers get into your head, 慣用語

但當教官們開始折磨你的精神時，

many people cannot stand this. 用詞

很多人根本無法忍受。

It will include humiliation techniques,

它將包括羞辱手段，

being held in stress positions,

被迫保持壓力姿勢，

getting no sleep or food or water,

剝奪睡眠、食物或水，

having music blasted at you, 文法

被大音量的音樂狂轟濫炸，

and even being locked in small cages.

甚至被鎖在小籠子裡。

The sadistic Brits,

施虐的英國佬，

eh? 語氣意圖

對吧？

Another thing about the SAS is that you work closely with MI5 and MI6,

關於SAS的另一件事是，你將與軍情五處和軍情六處密切合作，

which basically makes you both a soldier and a spy.

這基本上讓你既是一名士兵也是一名間諜。

So,

那麼，

based on everything you heard about these elite special forces units,

基於你對這些菁英特種部隊的了解，

which do you think is the best?

你覺得哪一支最好？

Let us know in the comments.

在評論區告訴我們吧。

Also,

另外，

be sure to check out our other video called American Soldier versus British Soldier.

一定要去看看我們的另一個影片，叫做《美國士兵對決英國士兵》。

Thanks for watching

感謝收看，

and as always,

和往常一樣，

don't forget to like,

別忘了點讚、

share,

分享，

and subscribe.

和訂閱。

See you next time.

下次見。