睏在南韓 - 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

Six Minute English

六分鐘英語

from BBCLearningEnglish.com.

來自 BBCLearningEnglish.com。

Hello, this is Six Minute English

大家好，這裡是六分鐘英語

from BBC Learning English.

來自 BBC 英語教學。

I'm Sam.

我是 Sam。

And I'm Neil.

我是 Neil。

Sleep.

睡眠。

We all need it.

我們都需要它。

Some more than others. 文法

有些人比其他人需要得更多。

I can usually get by with around seven hours a night, 片語動詞

我通常每晚睡大約七個小時就夠了，

but I do like to have a nap, 講解

但我確實喜歡小憩一下，

a short sleep in the afternoon

在下午睡個短覺

when I'm not working, of course.

當然是在我沒工作的時候。

How about you, Neil?

你呢，Neil？

I'm always tired

我總是很累

and as soon as my head hits the pillow, 文法

我的頭一沾枕頭，

I'm out like a light, 慣用語

我就立刻睡著了，

meaning I go to sleep very quickly.

意思是說我入睡得非常快。

Well, Neil,

好吧，Neil，

you might not survive in South Korea then. 語氣意圖

那你在南韓可能生存不下去。

Apparently,

顯然，

it's one of the most stressed and tired nations on Earth, 文法

它是世界上壓力最大、最疲憊的國家之一，

a place where people work and study longer hours 文法

在那裡，人們工作和學習的時間

and get less sleep than anywhere else.

比任何地方都長，睡眠卻比任何地方都少。

We'll find out more later 片語動詞

我們稍後會了解更多

and teach some sleep-related vocabulary.

並教授一些與睡眠相關的詞彙。

But before we do,

但在那之前，

you need to give me a question to keep me awake and alert. 文法

你需要問我一個問題來讓我保持清醒和警覺。

Of course, I do.

那是當然。

And here it is.

問題在這兒。

In the 1960s,

在 20 世紀 60 年代，

American man Randy Gardner

美國人 Randy Gardner

set the world record for staying awake for the longest period. 講解

創下了最長時間不睡覺的世界紀錄。

Do you know what that time was? 文法

你知道那個時間是多久嗎？

Was it A,

是 A，

64 hours,

64 小時，

B, 164 hours,

B，164 小時，

or C, 264 hours?

還是 C，264 小時？

All sound impossible, 文法

聽起來都不可能，

but I'll guess A,

但我猜是 A，

64 hours.

64 小時。

That's nearly three days.

那將近三天了。

Oof, well,

哎，好吧，

I'll give you the answer later in the program,

我稍後會在節目裡給你答案，

assuming you don't doze off. 講解

前提是你沒打瞌睡。

But let's talk more about sleep now.

但我們現在來多談談睡眠吧。

As I mentioned, 表達脈絡

正如我提到的，

we all need it to help our mind and body rest and relax.

我們都需要它來幫助我們的身心休息和放鬆。

And going without sleep, 片語動詞

而不睡覺，

or sleeplessness,

或者失眠，

is bad for our health.

對我們的健康是有害的。

Many things can stop us sleeping, 文法

許多事情都能讓我們睡不著，

and some of them are pressure,

其中一些是壓力、

anxiety,

焦慮，

and stress caused by your job. 文法

以及由你的工作引起的緊張。

And in South Korea,

在南韓，

research has shown it's increasingly difficult to switch off, 講解

研究表明人們越來越難以放下工作、

stop thinking about work,

停止思考工作，

and relax.

並放鬆下來。

South Koreans sleep fewer hours 文法

南韓人的睡眠時間

and have higher rates of depression and suicide than almost anywhere else.

比世界上幾乎任何地方都少，而憂鬱症和自殺率卻更高。

Se-Woong Kook has been reporting on this

Se-Woong Kook 一直在對此進行報導，

for the BBC World Service documentary podcast.

為 BBC 世界頻道紀錄片播客節目提供內容。

He met one worker

他遇到了一位員工，

who explained why she never got time to relax. 片語搭配

她解釋了為什麼自己從來沒有時間休息。

Separating work and rest time 文法

將工作和休息時間分開

has been a recurring issue for Ji-an 片語搭配

一直是 Ji-an 反覆遇到的問題

In her last job,

在她的上一份工作中，

her office hours were long.

她的辦公時間很長。

Like most Korean firms,

和大多數韓國公司一樣，

her employer didn't think about any boundaries. 用詞

她的雇主完全沒有界線感。

They encroached on almost all her time. 用詞

他們幾乎侵占了她所有的時間。

They told me,

他們告訴我，

"You need to be contactable 24/7. 用詞

「你需要 24 小時隨時能被聯繫到。

There will always be someone from work reaching out to me, 片語動詞

總會有工作上的人來找我，

like you need to get this done right now." 文法

比如你需要現在馬上把這個做完。」

Uh, even just thinking about it, 片語搭配

呃，即使只是想想，

like I get really agitated. 文法

我都覺得特別焦躁。

So, that stressed out worker 用詞

所以，那位壓力巨大的員工

got agitated just thinking about the situation.

一想到這種情況就感到焦躁（agitated）。

She got worried or upset.

她變得擔憂或心煩意亂。

That's because office hours in South Korea are long 表達脈絡

那是因為在南韓，辦公時間很長，

and some employers expect their workers 文法

而且一些雇主期望他們的員工

to be contactable all the time.

隨時都能被聯繫上。

Yes, there are no boundaries,

是的，沒有界線（boundaries），

so no limits or rules about

也就是對於雇主何時可以聯繫員工，

when employers can contact their employees.

沒有限制或規則。

Therefore, as this employee said,

因此，正如這位員工所說，

work encroached.

工作侵占（encroached）了生活。

It gradually took over her leisure time. 片語動詞

它逐漸霸占了她的空閒時間。

Stress like this can lead to insomnia, 片語搭配

像這樣的壓力會導致失眠（insomnia），

a condition where you are unable to sleep. 文法

一種你無法入睡的狀況。

The BBC Discovery podcast goes on to explain 片語動詞

BBC Discovery 播客繼續解釋說，

that offering a cure for this sleeplessness 文法

為這種失眠症提供治療方法

has become big business. 慣用語

已經成為一門大生意。

There are sleep clinics where doctors assess people overnight 文化背景

那裡有睡眠診所，醫生在夜間評估人們的睡眠狀況，

and sleep cafes that offer places to nap 文化背景

還有睡眠咖啡館，提供在工作日中間

in the middle of the working day.

可以打盹的地方。

One other issue in South Korea that's affecting sleep

影響南韓人睡眠的另一個問題是

is the bali bali culture, 文化背景

「bali bali」文化，

meaning quickly quickly,

意思是「快點快點」，

or hurry hurry.

或者「趕緊的」。

People are constantly in a rush. 片語搭配

人們總是處於匆忙之中。

Dr. Lee spoke to the World Service's Discovery podcast

Lee 醫生在世界頻道的 Discovery 播客中

about the effects of this

談到了這種現象的影響，

and how even trying to take medication to help sleep 片語搭配

以及為什麼即使嘗試服用安眠藥物

has its problems.

也有其自身的問題。

People take like 10 or 20 pills per one night.

人們一晚上要吃 10 或 20 粒藥。

And because they cannot fall asleep even with the medication, 講解

因為即使吃了藥他們也睡不著，

they drink alcohol on top of that 慣用語

所以他們還會在這基礎上喝酒，

and they experience side effects of the medication. 片語搭配

接著他們就會經歷藥物的副作用。

People can sleepwalk 用詞

人們可能會夢遊，

and go to the refrigerator,

走到冰箱前，

eat a lot of things unconsciously,

無意識地吃很多東西，

uncooked food,

哪怕是沒煮熟的食物，

and they don't remember next day.

並且他們第二天什麼都不記得。

Yeah, there were cases of car accidents

是的，首爾市中心

in the centre of Seoul,

發生過幾起車禍，

which has been you know,

你知道的，肇事者

a sleepwalking patient.

是一個正在夢遊的病人。

So, some people are taking lots of pills to help them sleep,

所以，一些人吃很多藥來幫助睡眠，

but they're not working, 用詞

但沒有效果，

so they're drinking alcohol as well.

於是他們還喝酒。

This leads to side-effects

這就導致了副作用（side-effects），

unpleasant and unexpected results from the medication.

也就是藥物帶來的令人不快的、意想不到的結果。

It seems one of these side-effects is sleepwalking,

似乎其中一種副作用就是夢遊（sleepwalking），

moving around and doing things 文法

在還在睡夢中時

while still asleep.

四處走動並做事情。

Well, if sleeping pills aren't working, 文法

好吧，如果安眠藥不管用，

there's always meditation or working less. 語氣意圖

總還可以試試冥想或減少工作量。

At least South Koreans are getting some sleep, 表達脈絡

至少南韓人還能睡上一點覺，

unlike Randy Gardner,

不像 Randy Gardner，

who I asked you about earlier.

就是我之前問你的那位。

Yes, he holds the record for staying awake the longest.

對，他保持著最長不睡覺的記錄。

And I thought he stayed awake for 64 hours.

而我認為他連續醒著 64 個小時。

Was I right?

我答對了嗎？

Oof, no, Neil,

哎，不對，Neil，

not long enough.

時間還不夠長。

Randy Gardner stayed awake

Randy Gardner 連續醒了

for an incredible 264.4 hours.

驚人的 264.4 個小時。

That's 11 days and 25 minutes

那就是 11 天又 25 分鐘，

in January 1964.

在 1964 年 1 月。

That's one record I really don't want to beat. 片語搭配

這真是我絕對不想打破的紀錄。

Well, before you nod off, Neil, 片語動詞

好了，在你打瞌睡（nod off）之前，Neil，

let's recap some of the vocabulary we've been discussing, 表達脈絡

我們來回顧一下討論過的一些詞彙，

including go out like a light,

包括 go out like a light，

which means you go to sleep very quickly.

意思是你入睡得非常快。

When you switch off,

當你 switch off 時，

you stop concentrating on one thing

你停止專注在一件事上

and start thinking about something else.

並開始想點別的事情。

A lack of sleep or rest 片語搭配

缺乏睡眠或休息

can make you agitated. 文法

會讓你感到 agitated。

You get worried or upset.

你變得擔憂或心煩意亂。

Encroach means gradually take over.

Encroach 的意思是逐漸侵占。

When you take medication

當你服用藥物

and it gives you unpleasant and unexpected results,

並產生了令人不快的和意想不到的結果時，

we call these side effects. 表達脈絡

我們稱之為 side effects（副作用）。

And sleepwalking describes moving around and doing things

而 sleepwalking 描述的是

while still asleep.

在還在睡夢中時四處走動並做事情。

That's our six minutes up.

我們的六分鐘到了。

Goodbye and sweet dreams. 片語搭配

再見，祝你好夢。

Goodbye.

再見。

Six Minute English

六分鐘英語

from the BBC.

來自 BBC。