電子遊戲能讓你變聰明嗎？：英語精讀講義

Video games provide a fun escape from reality. 片語搭配

電玩讓人能以有趣的方式暫時逃離現實。

Though they're often portrayed as violent, 片語搭配

儘管有些人常把電玩說成充滿暴力、

lazy, and a waste of time by some, 片語搭配

讓人懶散，而且純粹浪費時間，

the debate has raged on for years. 片語動詞

這場爭論多年來始終沒有停歇。

So, are there any positive effects?

那麼，電玩有沒有什麼正面影響呢？

Can video games actually make you smarter?

電玩真的能讓你變得更聰明嗎？

Before we get ahead of ourselves, 慣用語

在我們急著下結論之前，

it's important to note that too much of anything is bad,

必須先說，任何東西過量都不好，

even broccoli.

連青花菜也不例外。

Seriously,

說真的，

extremely high doses of broccoli can actually be toxic.

劑量極高的青花菜其實可能有毒。

Heck,

更誇張的是，

even water toxicity exists.

甚至連水中毒都存在。

So, if you binge and do nothing but play video games, 文法

所以，如果你沉迷其中，除了打電玩什麼都不做，

the risks probably outweigh any benefits. 片語搭配

風險很可能會超過任何好處。

In fact,

事實上，

we have an entire video devoted to what would happen if you stopped going outside 片語搭配

我們專門做過一支影片，談如果你不再出門會發生什麼事

and the negative effects of sitting,

以及久坐的負面影響，

link in the description.

連結就在說明欄。

Having said that, 表達脈絡

話雖如此，

many studies have actually shown increases in cognitive function after playing video games. 用詞

很多研究確實顯示，玩電玩後，認知功能會有所提升。

One study in particular had participants play Super Mario 64

其中一項研究請參與者玩《超級瑪利歐64》，

for 30 minutes a day over 2 months. 文法

連續兩個月，每天玩30分鐘。

Afterwards,

之後，

the brains of these participants saw an increase of gray matter 用詞

這些參與者腦中的灰質有所增加，

in areas associated with memory, strategic planning, 片語搭配

增長出現在與記憶、策略規劃

and fine motor skills of the hands 用詞

以及手部精細動作技巧有關的區域，

compared to those who had not played. 文法

而沒玩遊戲的人則沒有這種變化。

These are particularly encouraging results for mental disorders

這些結果對精神障礙的治療尤其令人振奮，

which cause these brain regions to shrink

因為這類疾病會導致這些腦區萎縮，

using video games as a therapy.

這表示電玩可以用作治療方式。

Surprisingly,

令人意外的是，

action games can also increase attention to detail in individuals. 片語搭配

動作遊戲還能提升人們對細節的注意力。

Take a look at the following words on screen 片語搭配

看看螢幕上接下來出現的這些字，

and yell out what color the word is as fast as you can. 講解

然後盡快大聲喊出字的顏色。

So,

那麼，

green,

綠色，

blue,

藍色，

orange.

橘色。

Okay,

好，

now try a bit faster without me.

現在不要跟著我，試著再快一點。

As we continue,

隨著測試繼續，

it becomes more difficult

難度會愈來愈高，

because there's a conflict between the word itself and its color.

因為文字本身的意思和顏色產生了衝突。

Chances are if you play more than 5 to 10 hours of action games a week, 語氣意圖

如果你每週玩動作遊戲超過5到10小時，

you're able to solve these problems much more quickly.

你很可能能更快解決這些問題。

This is because your brain is actually more efficient in the regions associated with attention.

這是因為你腦中與注意力有關的區域運作效率更高。

Of course,

當然，

video games can also be incredibly educational.

電玩也可以非常有教育意義。

And while you may not be playing some of your favorite games for this purpose,

儘管你玩某些最喜歡的遊戲時，目的可能並不在此，

there are certainly many games that are used as effective teaching tools

但確實有許多遊戲被當成有效的教學工具，

for both young and old. 片語搭配

無論老少都適用。

They may even help kids who suffer from dyslexia 片語搭配

這些遊戲甚至可能幫助有閱讀障礙的孩子

read more effectively.

更有效率地閱讀。

In a small study,

在一項小型研究中，

dyslexic children who played regular video games

經常玩電玩的閱讀障礙兒童

ended up reading faster and more accurately, 片語動詞

最後讀得更快、更準確，

once again relating to improved attention skills.

這同樣與注意力技巧的提升有關。

Meanwhile,

同時，

other studies have found improvements in eyesight.

其他研究也發現，視力有所改善。

Not only can they see smaller details more clearly like tiny writing, 文法

他們不但能更清楚看見細小的細節，例如很小的文字，

but they have an easier time differentiating levels of gray. 文法

也更容易分辨不同深淺的灰色。

Very practiced action gamers were 58% better at perceiving fine differences in contrast,

經驗豐富的動作遊戲玩家辨別細微對比差異的能力高出58%，

which is important as this is one of the first things to diminish with age. 片語搭配

這點很重要，因為這種能力是最早隨年齡增長而衰退的能力之一。

Even in the elderly, 用詞

即使是年長者，

improved memory and focus is seen.

記憶力和專注力也能獲得改善。

More importantly,

更重要的是，

specially designed brain-teasing video games

專門設計的益智電玩

have been shown to slow the aging process of the brain 文法

已被證實能延緩大腦的老化過程，

by up to 7 years. 片語搭配

最多可延緩7年。

This is because they are cognitively complex

這是因為這類遊戲在認知上相當複雜，

and require mental energy.

需要耗費腦力。

Think you're able to keep track of what's in front of your eyes? 片語搭配

你覺得自己能追蹤眼前的東西嗎？

Keep an eye on the blue circle here. 慣用語

盯住這裡的藍色圓圈。

Eventually,

最後，

it will turn yellow like all the others.

它會像其他所有圓圈一樣變成黃色。

I will then point to a circle and you tell me if it was originally blue.

然後我會指向一個圓圈，你要告訴我它原本是不是藍色。

If you knew this ball wasn't blue,

如果你知道這顆球原本不是藍色，

then you're a functioning human being. 語氣意圖

那你就是個功能正常的人類。

But let's make it harder.

不過，我們來增加點難度。

Staring at the middle of the screen can help to keep track of the blue circles.

盯著螢幕中央，有助於追蹤這些藍色圓圈。

Was this circle originally blue?

這個圓圈原本是藍色嗎？

If you said no, 文法

如果你回答不是，

you'd be right.

那就答對了。

One more time,

再來一次，

but with five blue circles.

但這次有五個藍色圓圈。

Was this one originally blue?

這個原本是藍色嗎？

Yep,

沒錯，

it was.

它原本是。

It turns out the average person can track about three to four objects 表達脈絡

研究顯示，一般人大約能同時追蹤三到四個物體，

while practiced action gamers can track around six to seven.

而經驗豐富的動作遊戲玩家則能追蹤大約六到七個。

Finally,

最後，

as technology continues to transform medicine,

隨著科技持續改變醫療，

surgeries are being completed with the insertion of cameras and remote controlled tools.

外科手術正透過置入攝影機和使用遙控工具來完成。

And these surgeries have very clear parallels to video games 片語搭配

這類手術和電玩顯然有許多相似之處，

with a screen and a controlling device.

都要使用螢幕和操控裝置。

Not surprisingly,

不出所料，

young doctors with previous exposure to video games 片語搭配

以前玩過電玩的年輕醫師

show fewer errors and faster completion than those without. 文法

比沒玩過的醫師出錯更少、完成得更快。

Of course,

當然，

all of these skills are only useful if you use them,

所有這些技巧都只有實際運用才有價值，

which you can't if all you do is play video games. 文法

而如果你只顧著打電玩，就根本用不上它們。

So, enjoy your downtime and relax with your games in moderation, 片語搭配

所以，適度玩遊戲，享受空閒時間，好好放鬆，

but get out there and keep your life diverse as well, 片語搭配

但也要走出去，讓生活保持豐富多元，

because that's how you'll win at the game of life. 慣用語

因為這樣你才能贏得人生這場遊戲。

Got a burning question you want answered? 慣用語

有什麼迫切想知道答案的問題嗎？

Ask it in the comments or on Facebook and Twitter.

在留言區提問，或到Facebook和Twitter上告訴我們。

And if you want the inside scoop on upcoming episode ideas and behind the scenes, 慣用語

如果你想搶先知道接下來可能做的主題和幕後花絮，

check out our personal Instagram and Twitter handles. 用詞

就去看看我們個人的Instagram和Twitter帳號。

And subscribe for more weekly science videos.

記得訂閱，每週收看更多科學影片。