波茲曼大腦悖論 - 法比奧·帕庫奇：英語精讀講義

補上 full + 介系詞的搭配：The attic was full ____ dusty boxes.

一部科學影片以「How do you know a planet exists if no one can see it directly?」開頭。這個開場問題的主要作用是什麼？

1. 立刻給出最終定義。
2. 要求觀眾說出一個特定日期。
3. 製造不確定感，並框定接下來的說明。

用表示「選擇前一項而不選後一項」的兩字連接語補完句子：We decided to test the idea ____ dismiss it.

哪一句話先承認某個想法似乎不合理，再提出值得考慮它的理由？

1. That may sound absurd, but the evidence is worth examining.
2. That idea is absurd, so there is no reason to discuss it.
3. That may be correct, and everyone already accepts it.

完成慣用語 keep someone up at night：The unresolved question kept the researchers ____ at night.

說話者先描述一種模式，接著說：They call it the domino effect. 這句話在說明中有什麼作用？

1. 它指出某個人正在打電話。
2. 它替剛才描述的模式命名。
3. 它表示這個模式已經結束。

閱讀這個句子：The school's namesake was a scientist named Ada Cole. namesake 指的是誰？

1. 學校以其名字命名的那位科學家
2. 學校的一個非正式暱稱
3. 在學校工作的科學家

operating in a period when... 主要為句子補充了什麼？

1. 這位物理學家工作時的歷史背景
2. 這位物理學家製造的機器名稱
3. 操作機器的說明

哪一個句子正確使用 whether 引導嵌入式二選一問句？

1. Historians debated whether had the bridge been built by local workers or foreign engineers.
2. Historians debated whether did local workers or foreign engineers build the bridge.
3. Historians debated whether the bridge had been built by local workers or foreign engineers.

用表示「讓一個地方出名的特色」的固定表達完成句子：The island's ____ is its beach with pink sand.

哪一句使用相同的「大類 + that 子句」架構來定義 astronomy？

1. Astronomy studies objects in space because science is a branch.
2. Objects in space are interesting, so astronomy is science.
3. Astronomy is the branch of science that studies objects in space.

使用片語動詞 put forward 的過去式完成句子：At the meeting, Lena ____ a plan to save water.

在片段「..., which is a measure of the disorder of a system」中，which 有什麼作用？

1. 它指回剛提到的術語，並補充定義。
2. 它引出前一項陳述的結果。
3. 它要求聽者在兩個系統之間做選擇。

用 whereas 完成這個較正式的並列對照：The city center is crowded, ____ the outer neighborhoods are quiet.

補上先提出正式來源、再說明內容的框架：The safety code ____ emergency exits must remain clear.

哪一句描述一般趨勢，但沒有表示結果必然會發生？

1. Over time, team discussions tend towards agreement.
2. Over time, team discussions will always end in agreement.
3. Team discussions are already in complete agreement.

請用 return to its pristine state 的過去式完成句子：After months of careful restoration, the sculpture finally ____.

完成 apply A to B 結構：The engineers applied the new safety rule ____ every design.

這句話中的 evolves to 是什麼意思？

1. 沒有變化過程就立刻被取代
2. 產生有生命的後代
3. 隨著時間變化，直到到達另一種狀態

用 so + 形容詞 + that 結構完成句子，每個空格填一個字：The path was ____ icy ____ we turned back.

哪一句最清楚地使用 things like，把廣泛的概念變成具體畫面？

1. Severe storms can cause unusual damage, things like road signs bending backward.
2. Road signs may bend in a severe storm, so every storm causes the same damage.
3. Severe storms can be dangerous because strong winds move quickly.

用 will 和 happen 的原形完成結果子句：If the machine runs long enough, rare errors ____.

哪一句最恰當地表達某種變化在一段時間內逐漸發生？

1. The coastline disappeared during the final storm.
2. The coastline stayed protected for thousands of years.
3. The coastline changed gradually over thousands of years.

哪一句使用 form out of 表示結果從其來源中逐漸形成？

1. Their scattered ideas formed the basis of a clear plan.
2. A clear plan began to form out of their scattered ideas.
3. The team made a clear plan out of their scattered ideas.

說明完一項抽象計畫後，哪個問題最適合引出具體例子？

1. So what does that look like in practice?
2. So why is the plan called hypothetical?
3. So who first suggested the plan?

哪個片語表示「一座假設的、完全自動化的工廠」，並使用相同的修飾結構？

1. a hypothetical factory with some automated equipment
2. a hypothetical fully automated factory
3. a fully automated factory in a real town

在 “The bus crossed a bleak stretch of empty highway,” 中，stretch 是什麼意思？

1. 一次伸展身體的動作
2. 連續延伸的一段或一片區域
3. 一段連續的時間

完成目標結構：Small pieces of colored glass come ____ to form a mosaic.

請用 made of 搭配材料字 cardboard 完成句子：They displayed a castle ____.

簡報者指向圖表的另一個部分並說：'Over here, the lines meet.' Over here 在這裡有什麼作用？

1. 它表示這些線在很久以前相交了。
2. 它表示簡報已經結束。
3. 它把注意力引向圖表的那個部分。

你看到遠處有一個像塔的形狀，但不確定它究竟是什麼。哪一句最能保留這種不確定性？

1. It was definitely a tower.
2. It looked something like a tower.
3. It looked nothing like a tower.

使用 be filled with 結構完成句子：After the doors opened, the hall was ____ music.

在句子 'Up to the present moment, no errors have appeared,' 中，up to 表示什麼？

1. 朝現在移動
2. 最多一個時刻
3. 直到這個時間點

在 'She repeated these very words,' 中，very 有什麼作用？

1. 表示那些話非常好。
2. 表示那些話說得很大聲。
3. 強調正是完全相同的那些話。

哪一句自然地使用 by 來說明產生結果的過程？

1. The system learns by repeated testing.
2. The system learns at repeated testing.
3. The system learns because repeated testing.

哪一句表示電荷本身聚集在一個位置？

1. The charge is concentrated in a single point.
2. The scientist concentrates on a single point in the report.
3. The charge spreads evenly through the material.

這裡的句子「A new universe burst into existence」是什麼意思？

1. 一個新宇宙突然開始存在。
2. 一個宇宙真的爆炸後消失了。
3. 一個宇宙慢慢變小了。

說話者剛剛列出了四種解釋，現在只想比較最後兩種。哪一個問句最合適？

1. Of all four, which are the last two?
2. Which explanation was mentioned first?
3. Of those last two, which is more convincing?

完成句子，填入一個由兩個單字組成的程度加強語，表示一條路線比其他所有路線容易得多：This is ____ the easiest route.

哪一個句子能正確表達「儘管價格很高，這支手機仍然很受歡迎」？

1. Despite it is expensive, the phone remains popular.
2. Despite its high price, the phone remains popular.
3. Although its high price, the phone remains popular.

在句子 The repair cost is a blip compared to the city's annual budget 中，a blip compared to 是什麼意思？

1. 這筆維修費和預算的規模完全相同。
2. 這筆維修費向預算辦公室傳送電子訊號。
3. 這筆維修費跟預算相比非常少。

在 We found heaps upon heaps of old photos in the attic 中，heaps upon heaps of old photos 是什麼意思？

1. 幾張放在同一個整齊堆裡的舊照片
2. 數量極多的舊照片
3. 幾乎沒有舊照片

哪一個開頭最清楚地表示「接下來的結論來自剛才的推理」？

1. So, by this reasoning,
2. For example,
3. At the same time,

哪個片語能正確表達「他們認為存在的那種風險」？

1. the risk they believe to exist
2. the risk they believe existing
3. the risk they believe it to exist

你正在比較兩種解釋，有充分依據但沒有確切證據。哪一句能以自然、保留的方式說明其中一種解釋更有可能？

1. It seems extremely more likely that the package went to the wrong address than that it was stolen.
2. It seems much more likely that the package went to the wrong address than that it was stolen.
3. The package definitely went to the wrong address rather than being stolen.

用正確的 soon to be + 過去分詞結構完成句子，表達「很快將被替換」：The old system is ____.

在這句話中，didn't get quite that far in his thinking 是什麼意思？

1. 他根本沒有開始思考。
2. 他的思考沒有到達那個階段。
3. 他沒有走過那麼遠的距離。

用 build on 的正確形式完成句子，表達「把先前的研究當作基礎」：The new study ____ earlier research into safer building materials.

使用本課中表示「和幾乎所有其他人一樣」的確切片語完成句子：Leo, ____, checked the weather before leaving.

選出最能強調「名氣只持續了極短時間，並迅速消退」的詞：Her online fame was ___; within a week, almost everyone had forgotten her.

1. temporary
2. ephemeral
3. permanent

這個標示出的問句在論述中有什麼作用？

1. 把兩個看似衝突的主張當作需要解決的問題提出來。
2. 宣布兩個主張都已經被推翻。
3. 在討論中加入兩個互不相關的事實。

補全表示「把它當成會一直存在的東西」的固定片語：Many people take reliable internet ____.

用目標修正連接語完成句子：The delay was not caused by traffic, ____ by a scheduling error.

在本句中，a big bang 最精確地指什麼？

1. 在已經存在的空間中，某個地點發生的一場普通爆炸
2. 與早期高溫、高密度狀態相關的宇宙起點
3. 宇宙中某顆恆星發生爆炸

補全表示「徹底結束、不再需要處理」的固定表達：After tomorrow's final exam, the course will be over and ____.

說話人先作出一個很確定的判斷，接著說 Well, maybe not.，這句話通常有什麼作用？

1. 它溫和地重新提出一個看似已有定論的問題。
2. 它引入了一個無關的話題。
3. 它完全確認了前面的判斷。

用過去式完成目標結構 find evidence supporting a theory：The team ____ the theory.

Yet while we know ..., no one knows ... 這個句型發揮了什麼篇章功能？

1. 聲稱原因已經確定。
2. 把兩件事描述成同時發生。
3. 先確立已知內容，再指出仍然未知的部分。

用表示「如果真的有任何事物的話」的兩個英文單字插入語完成句子：What, ____, was damaged during the move?

選出能正確完成句子的片語：The lab had never seen ___.

1. such unusual a pattern
2. such an unusual pattern
3. so an unusual pattern

哪一句表示生長與衰敗會持續反覆，而且沒有最終的終點？

1. The forest is in an unending cycle of growth and decay.
2. The forest completes one cycle of growth and decay.
3. The forest avoids both growth and decay.

一位研究者想提出另一種可能，但不想宣稱它一定正確。哪一句最合適？

1. We are definitely overlooking an important clue.
2. Should we ignore an important clue?
3. Or might we be overlooking an important clue?

在本句中，multiverse 是什麼意思？

1. 一種可能包含許多宇宙的假設性更大框架。
2. 單一星系的另一種說法。
3. 單一宇宙進入崩塌過程的後期階段。

用本課中回指已說明情況的三個英文單字補完整句：____, the result is not surprising.

用表示「重新受到關注」的完整片語補完句子：After years of neglect, the repair method ____ among local builders.

在句子「This is one of the leading theories in the field.」中，leading 是什麼意思？

1. 屬於最重要或最有影響力的一類
2. 最近才建立的
3. 正在實際帶領某個事物

哪一個句子先把有爭議的觀點歸於某個群體，再說明該觀點帶來的推論？

1. Some argue that the new schedule reduces traffic, suggesting the city should keep it.
2. The city should keep the new schedule, according to the final report.
3. Because the new schedule reduces traffic, the city introduced it last year.

使用本課中表示「存在一個尚未確定的問題」的縮寫表達完成句子：The readings disagree, suggesting ____.

用表示「某項變更預計能避免困難」的目標片語補全句子：Adding a backup server ____ of losing access during maintenance.

用目標片語補全對立觀點：Some reviewers say the plan is safe. ____ the tests were too limited.

哪一句表示一個物體在理論上可以想像，但無法透過真實的物理過程形成？

1. It can be described in theory, but it can't actually physically form.
2. It is difficult to describe because it is physically large.
3. It has already formed, although nobody expected it.

使用本課中的原表達補完整句子：The data are incomplete, yet some analysts ____ a major market crash.

請用 pop out of 的過去式完成句子：During the magic trick, a dove suddenly ____ the empty hat.

用 long enough 完成「程度—結果」結構：We stayed ____ to see the final scene.

使用 whose、denominator 和 be 的正確形式完成句子：Choose the fraction ____ eight.

在數學說明中，10 to a number 表示什麼？

1. 10 乘以某個未指定的數。
2. 10 加上某個未指定的數。
3. 10 的某個未指定指數次方。

使用 about + number + times larger than 結構，並用 five 完成句子：The new dataset is ____ the old one.

用 despite + 名詞片語完成句子：____ its high price, the bicycle sold quickly.

這句話中標示出的比喻是什麼意思？

1. 它給模型一根必須跳過的真正橫桿。
2. 它設立了一項模型必須達到的標準。
3. 它建立了一個展示模型的地方。

用括號中的提示組成前置的 Compared to... 片語：(last year's total) ____, this month's cost is low.

你有充分證據顯示某個答案是錯的，但仍想保留它可能正確的一點點餘地。哪一句最適合？

1. The answer is certainly wrong.
2. The answer is almost certainly wrong.
3. The answer might be wrong.

在這個語境中，最後的 Unless 子句有什麼作用？

1. 它補上一個可能推翻前面判斷的例外。
2. 它再提供一個支持前面判斷的理由。
3. 它證明聽者一定錯了。

用 keep 加上 ask 的 -ing 形式完成句子：Even when the answer is difficult, ____ questions.

用本課的正式表達完成這句評論：The exhibition is ____ interactive displays.

用與 me 對應的形式完成這個習語：The close game kept me ____ until the final second.