被關押在惡魔島監獄是什麼體驗？：英語精讀講義

A secure lump of steel and concrete sat on an island surrounded by unforgiving currents,

一塊堅固的鋼筋混凝土矗立在被無情水流環繞的島嶼上，

home to as many as 300 convicted felons. 講解

關押著多達300名被定罪的重刑犯。

Alcatraz was coined the highest security prison in America.

惡魔島（Alcatraz）被稱為美國安全級別最高的監獄。

Day-to-day, Alcatraz was also the most expensive prison,

在日常運作中，惡魔島也是最昂貴的監獄，

state or federal,

無論是州立還是聯邦，

to operate in the nation.

在全國範圍內都是如此。

The dark, hostile image of Alcatraz grew

惡魔島黑暗、充滿敵意的形象不斷加深，

as Hollywood dramatized the brutal conditions

因為好萊塢將其殘酷的條件戲劇化，

and glamorized the inmates who withstood them.

並美化了那些經受住這些考驗的囚犯。

Were the conditions at Alcatraz really any tougher 文法

惡魔島的條件真的比

than any of the other state prisons of the era?

那個時代的其他州立監獄更艱苦嗎？

And did those inmates who attempted to escape

那些試圖越獄的囚犯，

the Rock succeed? 文化背景

最終成功離開這塊「磐石」了嗎？

And is it possible to swim

從惡魔島

from the island of Alcatraz

游到

to the San Francisco Bay?

舊金山灣可能嗎？

Today, we'll go inside

今天，我們將深入探索

one of the world's most infamous correctional facilities.

世界上最臭名昭著的懲教設施之一。

In this episode of The Infographics Show,

在本期《資訊圖解秀》中，

what was it like to be jailed at Alcatraz? 文法

被關在惡魔島是什麼感覺？

The first Alcatraz warden, James Johnston,

惡魔島的第一任典獄長詹姆斯·約翰斯頓（James Johnston）

had a tough reputation

以作風強硬著稱，

and ran the prison with an iron fist. 慣用語

並以鐵腕手段管理監獄。

Prisoners weren't allowed to speak to one another at all, 文法

囚犯之間根本不被允許交談，

except for the brief exchanges at break times.

除了在休息時的短暫交流。

Speaking aloud generally resulted 片語搭配

大聲說話通常會導致

in a trip to the dungeon or an isolation cell.

被關進地牢或隔離室。

Eventually, the inmates realized, however,

然而，囚犯們最終意識到，

that there were not enough isolation cells

隔離室的數量根本不夠

to hold them all simultaneously,

同時關押他們所有人，

so they began to relax and speak en masse. 用詞

所以他們開始放鬆並集體交談。

This eventually resulted in a relaxation of the talking ban.

這最終導致了禁言令的放寬。

Magazines and newspapers were banned

雜誌和報紙被禁止，

as the inmates weren't allowed to read about sex or crime.

因為囚犯不被允許閱讀有關性或犯罪的內容。

Contrary to popular belief, 表達脈絡

與普遍的看法相反，

the inmates weren't all hardened criminals. 用詞

囚犯並非都是慣犯。

Anyone who had committed a federal offense 文化背景

任何犯有聯邦罪行的人

might have been sent to Alcatraz.

都有可能被送到惡魔島。

Prisoners included shoplifters

囚犯中包括一些扒手，

who had stolen from a store

他們曾在一個

with a post office branch inside

設有郵局分支機構的商店裡偷竊，

and folks who had carried alcohol across state lines. 文化背景

還有些人只是跨州攜帶了酒類。

A total of 336 cells were in B and C block

B區和C區共有336個牢房，

and a further 36 segregation cells

D區還有36個隔離牢房

and six solitary in D block.

以及6個單獨禁閉室。

A block was used mostly for storage.

A區主要用於儲物。

The cells in B and C block

B區和C區的牢房

were 5 ft deep by 9 ft wide 文法

深5英尺，寬9英尺，

with a small cold water sink.

配有一個小冷水槽。

You could extend your arms

你可以伸展開雙臂，

and touch both sides of the cell,

同時觸碰到牢房的兩側，

which is something you might get around to trying 片語動詞

如果你被關押一年以上，

if you were imprisoned in one for a year or more.

你可能會經常這麼試一試。

Having your own cell

擁有自己的牢房

means that there is less chance of being sexually assaulted 文法

意味著與其他監獄相比，

compared with other prisons,

遭到性侵的可能性較小，

and many prisoners found the privacy beneficial.

許多囚犯認為這種隱私是有益的。

You would be allowed an approved visit

在惡魔島，你每月可以獲得

once a month at Alcatraz,

一次經過批准的探視，

but you wouldn't be allowed to touch that visitor

但你不能觸碰探視者，

nor discuss any current events.

也不能討論任何時事。

Conversations were via intercom and usually monitored.

對話透過對講機進行，且通常會被監聽。

Inmate Willie Radkay,

囚犯威利·拉德凱（Willie Radkay），

who shared a cell next to Machine Gun Kelly,

他與「機關槍凱利」共用相鄰的牢房，

is on record saying that the food at Alcatraz 片語搭配

有記錄顯示他曾說惡魔島的食物

was better than any other prison he'd been at.

比他呆過的任何其他監獄都要好。

Alcatraz may not have been the brutal hell hole 文法

惡魔島可能不是許多好萊塢電影中

illustrated by many a Hollywood movie, 文法

所描繪的那個殘酷的地獄，

but it was no picnic either. 慣用語

但這裡也絕不是什麼安逸的地方。

Inmates were marched from place to place,

囚犯們被排隊帶到各個地方，

worked under tough conditions,

在艱苦的條件下工作，

and had a strict daily routine.

並有著嚴格的日常作息。

Each morning at 6:20 a.m.,

每天早上6:20，

a whistle blew,

哨聲吹響，

prisoners rose,

囚犯起床，

made their beds,

整理床鋪，

and generally tidied up their cells,

對牢房進行一般性的打掃，

washed, and dressed.

洗漱並穿戴整齊。

At a quarter to 7:00,

差一刻到7點，

inmates moved to the mess hall,

囚犯們前往食堂，

where guards supervised seating and serving,

警衛在那裡監督就座和打飯，

giving the signal to start and stop eating.

並發出開始和停止進食的信號。

Work detail was split into laundry, tailoring, cobbling, 用詞

工作任務被分為洗衣、裁縫、修鞋、

modeling, gardening, and other labor details.

製模、園藝和其他勞動任務。

At 9:30, there was a rest period

9:30有一個休息時間，

in which inmates were allowed to smoke in permitted areas,

囚犯被允許在指定區域抽煙，

but not allowed to crowd together.

但不允許聚集在一起。

At 9:40, it was back to work until 11:30,

9:40，繼續回到工作崗位直到11:30，

when a count was taken,

那時會進行一次點名，

and it was back to the mess hall for food

然後回到食堂吃午飯，

and then back to the cells.

接著返回牢房。

12:30 back to work until 4:15 p.m.,

12:30繼續工作，直到下午4:15，

final eating,

吃最後一頓飯，

and 4:50 p.m.,

到了下午4:50，

final lockup and a head count.

最後一次關鎖和點名。

At 9:30 p.m., the lights were put out. 片語動詞

晚上9:30，熄燈。

There were three more counts at midnight,

在午夜、凌晨3點

3:00 a.m., and 5:00 a.m.

和5點還有三次點名。

The prisoners nicknamed the central walkway Broadway, 文化背景

囚犯們將中央走廊戲稱為「百老匯」，

and other walkways were named Park Avenue and Michigan Avenue.

其他走廊則被命名為「公園大道」和「密西根大道」。

The area between cell blocks and the mess hall

牢房區和食堂之間的區域

was named Times Square.

被命名為「時代廣場」。

At either end was the gun gallery walkway

走廊兩端是帶欄杆的

enclosed by bars,

槍械長廊，

patrolled by armed guards,

由武裝警衛巡邏，

who from that vantage point 用詞

他們從那個有利位置

had a clear shot at the cell blocks. 片語搭配

可以清楚地瞄準牢房區。

A prisoner named Bernard Coy decided to break that routine

一個名叫伯納德·科伊的囚犯決定打破這種慣例，

and attempted one of the most brutal attempts to escape the prison

並策劃了該監獄最暴力的越獄事件之一，

when he hatched up a plan

他醞釀了一個計畫，

that ended in the Battle of Alcatraz in May 1946. 文化背景

最終演變成1946年5月的「惡魔島之戰」。

Two guards and three inmates were killed

在這次越獄企圖中，兩名警衛和三名囚犯被殺，

and several were injured in the attempted outbreak.

還有數人受傷。

Kentuckian bank robber Coy,

來自肯塔基州的銀行搶劫犯科伊

along with five other inmates,

與其他五名囚犯一起，

dreamed up the escape plan. 片語動詞

構想了這個越獄計畫。

Coy smeared himself in axle grease

科伊在自己身上塗滿了車軸潤滑脂，

and climbed the west end gun gallery.

並爬上了西端的槍械長廊。

He used some tools crudely fashioned in the prison workshop

他利用在監獄車間粗製濫造的工具

to manipulate the bars open to a width of 10 in,

將欄杆撐開了10英寸的寬度，

which due to Coy's partial starvation of himself,

由於科伊故意讓自己挨餓減重，

was wide enough to squeeze through.

這個寬度足以讓他擠過去。

Coy then took on the first guard 片語動詞

然後科伊對付了第一個警衛，

and with brute strength knocked him to the ground 片語搭配

用蠻力將他打倒在地，

before strangling him unconscious with his necktie. 文法

然後用領帶將他勒暈。

He then lowered firearms and riot clubs

接著他將槍支和防暴棍降下，

to his accomplices below,

交給了下面的同夥，

who swiftly took nine unarmed guards hostage. 片語搭配

他們迅速將九名手無寸鐵的警衛劫為人質。

However, they were unable to locate the key

然而，他們沒能找到

to the recreational yard

通往活動場的鑰匙，

as one of the guards had concealed it

因為其中一名警衛把它藏在了

in the toilet of the cell

他被扣為人質的牢房的

he was being held hostage in.

馬桶裡。

Three other inmates were released from their cells,

另外三名囚犯從牢房中被放出，

but by this time the breakout was discovered

但此時越獄行為已被發現，

and the distress sirens wailed.

警報聲響起。

San Francisco Coast Guard and Marines were alerted,

舊金山海岸警衛隊和海軍陸戰隊接到警報，

and together they blocked all of the industry working inmates

他們聯手封鎖了所有在工坊工作的囚犯，

while inside the prison

與此同時，監獄內部

a battle was going on.

正爆發一場戰鬥。

Two inmates were shot dead in the battle

在警衛重新奪回監獄控制權之前，

before the guards took back control of the prison. 片語搭配

有兩名囚犯在戰鬥中被擊斃。

Other escapes were attempted.

監獄還發生過其他越獄企圖。

Joseph Bowers was shot and killed climbing a fence in 1936.

1936年，約瑟夫·鮑爾斯在攀爬圍欄時被開槍擊斃。

Two prisoners escaped the prison in 1937,

1937年有兩名囚犯越獄，

but it is generally understood that they died crossing the water, 表達脈絡

但人們普遍認為他們死在了穿越水域的過程中，

although their bodies were never discovered.

儘管從未發現過他們的屍體。

In 1962, brothers Clarence and John Anglin

1962年，克拉倫斯·安格林和約翰·安格林兄弟

and Frank Morris, probably the most famous escapees,

以及可能最有名的越獄者法蘭克·莫里斯，

chipped away with spoons at the concrete 片語動詞

用湯匙鑿開了他們牢房裡

around ventilation grates in their cells.

通風口周圍的混凝土。

They moved through a maintenance area

他們穿過維修區，

and made a raft with life jackets and raincoats.

用救生衣和雨衣做了一個木筏。

They avoided being detected in the nightly head count 文法

為了在夜間點名時避開檢查，

by leaving papier-mâché heads in their bunks.

他們在床上放置了紙漿做的假人頭。

They hopped a fence to the bay.

他們翻過圍欄來到了海灣。

Again, the trio was considered drowned,

同樣，這三人被認為已經溺水身亡，

yet made famous in the Hollywood film Escape from Alcatraz 文化背景

但這一事件因克林·伊斯威特主演的

starring Clint Eastwood.

好萊塢電影《逃出惡魔島》而廣為人知。

Television show MythBusters tested a raft across the same stretch of water

電視節目《流言終結者》在這段水域上測試了一個木筏，

and found that the escape was technically possible. 用詞

並發現越獄在技術上是可行的。

And for those who think swimming the distance to the mainland undoable, 表達脈絡

對於那些認為游到大陸的距離是不可能完成的人來說，

there's an annual Alcatraz swimming trip

每年都會舉行一次惡魔島游泳活動，

open to all open water swimmers 片語搭配

面向所有願意挑戰

willing to tackle the 3.6 mi around the island 用詞

環島3.6英里水域的公開水域游泳者，

or the easier 1.25 mi from the island to the mainland.

或者可以選擇從島上游到大陸的較輕鬆的1.25英里路線。

So, what do you think?

那麼，你覺得呢？

Would you be able to handle conditions in a state prison?

你能忍受州立監獄的條件嗎？

Or would you make a break for it and 慣用語

還是你會放手一搏，

swim from the island to the mainland?

從島上游到大陸？

Perhaps you've been to the island before.

也許你以前去過這個島。

Please enter your comments in the comments section below

請在下方的評論區留下你的評論，

and join in the discussion.

並加入討論。

Also, be sure to watch our other video called

同時，請務必觀看我們的另一個名為

How Rich was Cleopatra and the other pharaohs.

《埃及豔后與其他法老有多富有》的影片。

Thanks for watching,

感謝觀看，

and as always,

一如既往，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

別忘了點讚、分享和訂閱。

See you next time.

下次見。