狂熱交配、精子庫與幼蟲搶奪戰：紅火蟻蟻后的生活 - Walter R. Tschinkel：英語精讀講義

請用本講中由兩個英文單字組成的正確目標片語補完整句子：We went outside ____ the rain stopped.

請用由三個英文單字組成的正確目標片語表示空間正逐漸變滿：The theater ____ excited families.

哪一句自然使用了省略受詞關係代名詞的關係子句？

1. The book borrowed I yesterday is fascinating.
2. The book I borrowed it yesterday is fascinating.
3. The book I borrowed yesterday is fascinating.

請用本課表示初步印象的片語完成句子：____, the two maps look identical, but their scales are different.

當不同的人可能有不同反應時，哪一句的評價最保留？

1. This might be a disturbing sight for some viewers.
2. No viewer could find this sight disturbing.
3. This is definitely a disturbing sight for every viewer.

用本課所學的三個字詞完成句子：The aurora borealis, ____ the northern lights, can be seen near the poles.

這句話中的 romance 有什麼作用？

1. 它表示螞蟻遵循人類的約會習俗。
2. 它用人類的說法，輕鬆呈現螞蟻的交配活動。
3. 它指出螞蟻飛行階段的科學名稱。

用本課中的昆蟲繁殖術語完成句子：Winged male and female ants leave the nest to mate during the ____.

在這個生物學語境中，alates 指的是什麼？

1. 主要負責採集食物的工蟻
2. 尚未發育為成蟲的幼蟻
3. 有翅且具有繁殖能力的雄蟻和雌蟻

用表示「開始飛行」的兩字表達之過去式完成句子：At sunrise, the geese ____ and headed south.

用表示「首次飛行同時也是最後一次飛行」的表達完成句子：The experimental plane flew ____ before it was permanently retired.

哪一句使用 But even for ... 表示某個問題連一個原本應該能妥善應對的群體也同樣面臨？

1. But even for experienced climbers, the sudden storm was dangerous.
2. But experienced climbers canceled the trip when the sudden storm arrived.
3. Even the sudden storm ended before the experienced climbers arrived.

使用 manage to + 動詞表達「雖然困難但成功避開」：Although the cyclist skidded, she ____ the fallen branch.

用 prove 的過去式完成句子，使其表示「結果發現是」：The cheap repair looked simple, but it ____ expensive.

在敘事中，Her work is only beginning 在這裡有什麼作用？

1. 它宣布她的所有任務都已經完成。
2. 它把注意力從已經完成的階段轉向接下來更大的任務。
3. 它表示她已經決定停止工作。

用動詞 finish 的完成式分詞形式完成句子，表示報告先完成：____ the report, Maya sent it to her manager.

請補上本課表示「足夠一生使用的數量」的四字英文固定片語：The prize includes ____ pet food for the winner.

哪一句最能強調 Ava 在沒有任何人協助的情況下完成了一項大型任務？

1. Ava single-handedly organized the entire charity event.
2. Ava organized one small part of the charity event.
3. Ava was alone when she arrived at the charity event.

哪一個句子正確地讓主句主語同時成為句首 -ing 動作的執行者？

1. Walking to school, Maya's backpack felt heavy.
2. Walking to school, the rain started suddenly.
3. Walking to school, Maya saw a rainbow.

填入缺少的字，表示他們正在尋找適合野餐的地點：They searched ____ a suitable spot ____ have a picnic.

用 carry 的正確形式完成句子：This small suitcase is easy ____.

用 damage 的過去分詞完成這個被動修飾語：The bridge ____ by the flood remains closed.

選出文法正確的句子，表示在未來流程中，門解鎖後才會進入下一步。

1. Once the door unlocks, you can enter.
2. Once the door unlocking, you can enter.
3. Once the door will unlock, you can enter.

使用 break off 和代名詞 it 完成句子：The loose tag was hanging by one thread, so Mia ____.

用 create 的正確形式補充結果：The storm knocked down a tree, ____ a roadblock.

用 end in 的正確形式填空：A narrow passage slopes downward, ____ a round room.

哪一句正確使用 begin + 動詞-ing 來表示某項活動開始了？

1. The bird began build its nest in early spring.
2. The bird began built its nest in early spring.
3. The bird began building its nest in early spring.

請用 per 和單位 day 完成這個比率表達：The machine produces about 200 bottles ____.

請用 rely on 正確的現在式形式完成句子：The clinic ____ donations to provide free meals.

完成 both A and B 結構：The program helps ____ children ____ their parents.

在下面的句子中，in the process 表示什麼？“He repaired the bike and learned a new skill in the process.”

1. 修理腳踏車使他無法學到任何東西。
2. 他在開始修理腳踏車之前就學會了這項技能。
3. 他在修理腳踏車的過程中學會了這項新技能。

用 grow into 的過去式完成句子，表示逐漸發展：Over several years, the tiny workshop ____ a successful company.

用標示的結構完成句子：After their first flight, the young birds are ____ food on their own.

用標示的句尾轉折詞完成句子：The backpack is heavy. It's comfortable, ____.

把 help 改成動名詞，並使用 be 正確的現在式：____ the injured animal ____ our first task.

旁白想把幾個蟻群描寫成各自獨立、有組織的力量，而不是指出某種生物類別。哪個片語最適合？

1. their own army ants
2. their own insect species
3. their own ant armies

哪一句正確使用現在完成式和 so far，表達持續到目前的情況？

1. The two teams worked well together so far tomorrow.
2. The two teams have worked well together so far.
3. The two teams have work well together so far.

使用上文學過的一個觸發條件連接詞完成這條規律：____ the sensor detects smoke, the alarm sounds.

哪個句子正確使用「known as」來介紹一個過程的名稱？

1. The change from liquid water to water vapor knows as evaporation.
2. The change from liquid water to water vapor is known as evaporation.
3. The change from liquid water to water vapor is known for evaporation.

哪個句子自然地表示感測器最遠可以在20公尺處運作？

1. The sensor can detect movement up to 20 meters away.
2. The sensor can detect movement up 20 meters away.
3. The sensor can detect movement until 20 meters away.

句中的 new waves of raiders 是什麼意思？

1. 襲擊者已經不再出現。
2. 襲擊者正乘著海浪前進。
3. 一批批新的襲擊者不斷到來。

哪一句表示需求太多，團隊無法應付？

1. The cook listed every order on a board.
2. The flood of orders overwhelmed the small kitchen.
3. The kitchen closed after serving its final customer.

在這個蟻群語境中，entire brood supply 指什麼？

1. 掠奪者奪走的所有工具和築巢材料
2. 蟻后儲存的所有食物
3. 蟻群中所有尚未成熟的後代，例如卵、幼蟲和蛹

哪一個句子正確使用句首分詞片語來交代 Lina 的動機？

1. Chasing her last chance to qualify, every morning mattered to Lina.
2. Chasing her last chance to qualify, the gym opened early.
3. Chasing her last chance to qualify, Lina trained every morning.

用 fend off 的原形完成句子：Strong passwords can help ____ cyberattacks.

使用 fight one's way to 的過去式，並讓所有格用字與 Maya 對應：When the alarm rang in the crowded station, Maya ____ the exit.

哪一句表示「這個新方法能在舊方法無法奏效的相同情況下成功」？

1. The new method succeeds where older methods fail.
2. The new method succeeds because older methods fail.
3. The new method succeeds after older methods fail.

在這句話中，reigning monarch 暗示這隻蟻后是什麼身分？

1. 牠是一隻尚未取得該地位的新蟻后。
2. 牠是目前占據既有地位的蟻后，被描述得像一位人類統治者。
3. 牠能透過製造降雨來控制天氣。

哪一句自然地使用了 usurp？

1. We usurped a quiet walk around the park.
2. The general tried to usurp the king's authority.
3. Rina usurped a glass of water after the race.

請用標示內容中的連接詞補完這個新句子：Keep the lid on ____ the rice is ready.

哪一個句子自然地使用了 preside over？

1. Maya presided over her backpack to school.
2. The chief justice presided over the hearing.
3. Leo presided over his friend around the museum.

使用 aid + 受詞 + in + -ing 結構，並用 aided、the hikers 和 find 完成句子：Yesterday, the guide ____ a safe route.

用 once 和 exceed 的正確形式完成這個門檻句型：____ the water level ____ 5 meters, the warning light turns on.

哪一句中的 change course 是比喻用法，表示「改採不同策略」？

1. To avoid the storm, the pilot changed course and flew east.
2. After the first plan failed, the team changed course and tested a simpler design.
3. After the flood, the river changed course and flowed toward the valley.

哪一句話宣布了一項從現在開始、之後會反覆執行的規定？

1. From now on, we will check the doors every night.
2. Right now, we are checking the doors.
3. From then on, we checked the doors every night.

在英文句子 “The new trend spawned dozens of imitations,” 中，spawned 是什麼意思？

1. 把它們藏起來
2. 使它們出現
3. 逐一用手仿製它們

使用 practice 的 -ing 形式完成句子：After the holiday, Leo returned to ____ the piano every evening.

使用 take to the skies 的過去式完成句子：At sunrise yesterday, dozens of hot-air balloons ____.

在這個生物學語境中，spread their queen's genes 是什麼意思？

1. 把肉眼可見的基因撒到地上。
2. 把蟻后的觀點分享給其他群體。
3. 透過生物擴散和繁殖，讓遺傳資訊到達新的地方或進入未來的後代。

用一個同時表示約略最大距離和順風移動的片語完成句子：The scent can travel ____.

用目標片語完成句子：Better planning can ____ reducing waste.

這句話中的 one massive superorganism 是什麼意思？

1. 一隻螞蟻長得和整個蟻群一樣大。
2. 整個蟻群的成員像一個有機體的各部分一樣共同運作。
3. 蟻群中的每隻螞蟻都完全獨自生存和工作。

句中的 tend to the brood 是什麼意思？

1. 把發育中的幼蟻移到另一個蟻巢
2. 很可能繁育後代
3. 照料發育中的幼蟻

這句話中的 while 主要有什麼作用？

1. 把較年長螞蟻的工作限制在某個特定時間。
2. 對比年輕螞蟻和較年長螞蟻的職責。
3. 說明年輕螞蟻餵食蟻后的原因。

在句子 When intruders strike, the guards defend the entrance. 中，strike 是什麼意思？

1. 入侵者發動攻擊。
2. 入侵者離開這個區域。
3. 入侵者發出巨大的聲音。

用 come together 的正確過去式補完英文句子：After the flood, the community ____ to rebuild the playground.

band together into a massive living raft 在這句話中是什麼意思？

1. 牠們把身體連接起來，組成一座巨大的漂浮筏。
2. 牠們分散開來，朝不同方向游走。
3. 牠們爬上一座木頭製成的大筏。

用表示「到安全處」的目標片語完成句子：The firefighters carried the child ____.

用讓步片語 no matter how 完成句子：____ tired Leo is, he still feeds the dog before bed.

用 come to an end 完成句子：Even the best vacation must ____.

用 run out of 的過去式完成句子：By the end of the hike, we ____ water.

用 can no longer 完成句子，表示過去的能力已經消失：The battery is permanently damaged, so the robot ____ move.

哪個句子自然地使用了 dwindle，並表達它的目標意思？

1. Our food supplies dwindled and became more plentiful each day.
2. Our food supplies dwindled during the long winter.
3. We dwindled our food supplies during the long winter.

用 take over 的被動形式完成句子：Last year, the small company ____ a larger competitor.

哪一個句子正確拼出了表示「君主統治時期」的單字？

1. The king's reign lasted for thirty years.
2. The king's rein lasted for thirty years.
3. The king's rain lasted for thirty years.

用 live on 的兩個單字形式完成句子，表示「繼續產生影響」：Although the inventor is gone, her influence ____.