首次公開！新蜘蛛物種的珍貴影像 - Smarter Every Day 78：英語精讀講義

Hey, it's me, Destin.

嘿，是我，Destin。

Welcome back to Smarter Every Day.

歡迎回到《Smarter Every Day》。

Today's observation I'm going to share with you is amazing. 文法

今天我要和你們分享的觀察非常驚人。

It's the discovery of a new species of spider potentially in the Amazon rainforest.

可能是在亞馬遜雨林發現了一種新的蜘蛛物種。

I'm talking about the exact moment that we walked up and recorded for science

我說的是我們走過去並為科學記錄下...

video of a new species of spider that has amazing behaviors.

具有驚人行為的新蜘蛛物種影片的確切時刻。

Let me set it up. 片語動詞

讓我交代一下背景。

Me, Gordon, and Phil, who's an entomologist,

我、Gordon還有昆蟲學家Phil，

were walking down this path in the rainforest with our head lamps.

我們正戴著頭燈走在雨林裡的這條小路上。

Gordon discovers something over here.

Gordon在這邊發現了什麼。

He calls us,

他叫我們過去，

I hit record on the camera,

我按下相機的錄製鍵，

turn around,

轉過身，

and walk towards Gordon.

朝Gordon走去。

So what happened?

那麼發生了什麼？

I don't know.

我不知道。

They've It's like they've evaporated. 文法

牠們……就像是蒸發了一樣。

It's like something small living on there.

就像有什麼小東西住在上面。

Hey, dude, Is that a fake spider that that thing makes?

嘿，老兄，那是那東西做的假蜘蛛嗎？

What's... I think that's... What's bumping that?

怎麼……我覺得那是……什麼東西在撞牠？

Yeah, there's a bug living on there.

對，有一隻蟲子住在上面。

That actually may have made a fake spider out of debris.

牠居然可能用碎屑做了一隻假蜘蛛。

No.

不是吧。

Not even kidding. 語氣意圖

完全沒開玩笑。

Oh, man.

噢，天哪。

What the heck?

搞什麼鬼？

There's a tiny

有一隻小小的

It's a tiny spider disguised as a big spider.

是一隻小蜘蛛偽裝成了大蜘蛛。

Shut up. 語氣意圖

別鬧了。

Or something.

或者什麼別的東西。

I can see over here.

我能看到這邊。

What's moving?

什麼在動？

Take a picture of it.

拍張照。

It's a little spider on the other side.

另一邊有一隻小蜘蛛。

I can't tell if it's a spider or a bug. 文法

我分不清那是蜘蛛還是蟲子。

It looked like a spider from this side.

從這邊看像是一隻蜘蛛。

Nuts.

瘋了。

I've never ever ever seen

我從來從來沒見過

Did we discover something?

我們是不是發現了什麼？

Oh, let me manage my lizard bag.

噢，讓我先管好我的蜥蜴袋。

Where's the tiny spider?

小蜘蛛在哪裡？

Dude, it's a spider.

兄弟，那是隻蜘蛛。

That is crazy.

太瘋狂了。

Oh, I just realized I have my camera on.

噢，我剛意識到我相機開著。

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8。

Correct number of legs.

腿的數量是對的。

Yeah.

是啊。

On the fake.

在假蜘蛛上。

There's no way. 語氣意圖

不可能。

1 2 3 4

1 2 3 4

No way,

不可能，

cuz that would mean that they can like basically count. 文法

因為那意味著牠們基本上會數數。

So he's vibrating it

所以牠在震動牠

to make it look bigger. 文法

讓牠看起來更大。

Is that what's happening?

是這樣嗎？

I think it might be.

我覺得可能是。

Yeah, to make it look like it's moving.

對，讓牠看起來像是在動。

He's so tiny, though. 表達脈絡

可牠太小了。

Yeah, but he's trying to look big.

是啊，但牠在努力顯得很大。

Okay,

好了，

so we are in the jungle

所以我們在叢林裡，

and our current theory is that

我們目前的理論是，

this tiny tiny tiny spider at the top of this

在這個東西頂部的這隻非常非常小的蜘蛛

Keep me backlit there, Gordon.

給我在那兒打個背光，Gordon。

It's working good.

效果不錯。

This tiny spider has created

這隻小蜘蛛製造了

Is that dust? Or are we thinking?

那是灰塵嗎？還是什麼？

No idea.

不知道。

Debris or something. 語氣意圖

碎屑之類的。

Debris that looks like a big spider

看起來像隻大蜘蛛的碎屑

and he's vibrating the whole web

然後牠在震動整個網

to make it look like he is a big spider.

假裝牠是一隻大蜘蛛。

He's got...

牠有……

He's counted.

牠數過了。

Counted legs.

數了腿。

Eight legs.

八條腿。

This doesn't seem like it could be true. 文法

感覺這不可能是真的。

We have to

我們必須

research that.

研究一下。

Vibrate it one more time,

再震動一次，

Mr. There you go.

先生。好了。

Thank you.

謝謝。

All right, we'll go research.

好了，我們去研究一下。

Wow.

哇。

We need Jeff's macro lens 文法

我們需要Jeff的微距鏡頭

is what we need.

這正是我們需要的。

Well, we know what this is.

好吧，我們知道這是什麼了。

We need a good one.

我們需要個好的鏡頭。

That's amazing,

這太驚人了，

is it not?

不是嗎？

So the reason Phil and I were talking about a macro lens 文法

Phil和我談論微距鏡頭的原因是

is we knew we had to get that information out of the jungle

我們知道必須把那些資訊帶出叢林

and into the hands of the arachnologists back in the states. 慣用語

然後交到美國蛛形動物學家的手裡。

The camera lenses that we had on hand were only capable of taking photos like this, 慣用語

我們手邊的相機鏡頭只能拍出這樣的照片，

so we couldn't actually see the spider on top.

所以我們根本看不清頂部的蜘蛛。

But Jeff, however, had a 60 mm back at the lodge,

不過Jeff在旅館留了一個60毫米的鏡頭，

so we went and got him

所以我們去把他找來，

and he took photos

他拍了照片，

so you can actually see the spider up top.

這樣你們就能真切地看到頂部的蜘蛛了。

If you want to see what that looks like,

如果你想看看牠是什麼樣，

go click here or in the link in the video description.

請點擊這裡或影片描述裡的連結。

You can see what that actual spider

你們可以看到那隻製造了整個誘餌的

looks like that made this whole decoy.

真正的蜘蛛長什麼樣。

So did we actually discover a new species?

那麼我們真的發現了一個新物種嗎？

If you look at the class for Arachnida,

如果你看蛛形綱（Arachnida），

underneath it there's a genus called Cyclosa. 文化背景

它下面有一個屬叫艾蛛屬（Cyclosa）。

And in Cyclosa,

在艾蛛屬中，

there's a specific type of spider called a trash line orb weaver.

有一種特定的蜘蛛叫垃圾線圓蛛。

Now this orb weaver is able to go get debris, 片語搭配

這種圓蛛能夠收集碎屑，

bring it back to his web,

帶回牠的網上，

and create little bitty decoys and things like that in his web.

然後在網上製造小小的誘餌之類的東西。

So it sounds like we're getting close, 表達脈絡

聽起來我們好像接近真相了，

but here's the difference. 表達脈絡

但區別在於。

We have not seen anything near this accurate 用詞

我們在這些小垃圾線圓蛛身上

in these little trash line orb weavers.

從未見過像這樣精確的東西。

First of all, there's eight legs.

首先，牠有八條腿。

That in itself is mind-blowing to me. 講解

這本身就讓我覺得不可思議。

But there's two other things

但還有另外兩點

I think are pretty cool as well.

我覺得也非常酷。

You noticed that there's both an abdomen on each one,

你注意到牠們每個都有一個腹部，

but also there's a cephalothorax,

同時還有一個頭胸部，

which is the combination between the head and the thorax.

也就是頭部和胸部的結合體。

That is amazing.

真是太神奇了。

So the verdict is still out on this one. 慣用語

所以關於這個，目前還沒有定論。

We don't know if this is in fact a new species.

我們不知道這是否真的是一個新物種。

However,

然而，

the arachnologists at both Harvard and Cornell

哈佛和康乃爾的蛛形動物學家都

say they haven't seen anything like this before, 文法

說他們以前從未見過這樣的東西，

but they're reviewing the data and they're going to let us know. 片語搭配

但他們正在審查數據，會告知我們結果。

So, here's what we're going to do.

那麼，我們要這樣做。

What would you name this new species 文法

如果你有機會為這個新物種命名，

if you had the opportunity to name it?

你會給牠起什麼名字？

So leave me a comment

留個言

and tell me what it would be.

告訴我牠該叫什麼。

However, I'm going to tell you what we thought.

不過，我要告訴你們我們的想法。

I thought a really good one 文法

我覺得一個非常好的名字

would be the effigy spider.

應該是「雕像蜘蛛」（effigy spider）。

Jeff liked the debris spider.

Jeff喜歡「碎屑蜘蛛」（debris spider）。

Phil liked the decoy spider.

Phil喜歡「誘餌蜘蛛」（decoy spider）。

Gordon liked the mosaic spider.

Gordon喜歡「馬賽克蜘蛛」（mosaic spider）。

So anyway, leave a comment below,

總之，在下面留言，

tell me what you think it should be called,

告訴我你覺得牠應該叫什麼，

and uh I don't know, who knows?

而且，呃，誰知道呢？

Maybe those researchers will read the comments

也許那些研究人員會看評論，

and come up with the name that you guys selected. 片語動詞

然後採用你們選出的名字。

So there you go. 語氣意圖

就是這樣。

I hope you enjoyed it.

希望你們喜歡。

News media outlets,

新聞媒體朋友們，

please contact me before you try to use this video,

請在試圖使用這段影片前聯絡我，

get proper permission.

獲取適當的許可。

Next week is high-speed video of butterflies.

下週是蝴蝶的高速影片。

That should be awesome.

應該會很棒。

I'm Destin.

我是Destin。

You're getting smarter every day,

你每天都在變聰明，

please subscribe.

請訂閱。

Have a good one. 片語搭配

祝你有美好的一天。

So when I first walked up on this species, 片語動詞

當我第一次靠近這個物種時，

I thought I was looking at something that had been attacked by Cordyceps, 講解

我以為我看到的是被冬蟲夏草攻擊過的東西，

which is a fungus that will go and attack the host species

蟲草是一種會去攻擊宿主物種的真菌

and replace all the living tissue inside

它會替換宿主內部所有的活體組織，

while it's still living

在牠還活著的時候，

with fungus.

替換成真菌。

It's nasty stuff. 用詞

這東西很噁心。