大流行病是如何傳播的：英語精讀講義

在這段說明的開頭，「an interconnected, an increasingly globalized world」主要有什麼語篇功能？

1. 它宣稱世界各地的文化完全相同。
2. 它建立寬廣的全球背景，為接下來的具體說明做準備。
3. 它精確列出每一種國際旅行方式。

閱讀新句子：「Thanks to a navigation error, the ambulance arrived late.」句首片語有什麼作用？

1. 它表示儘管出現導航錯誤，救護車還是遲到了。
2. 它引出原因，而且因為結果不好，可能帶有批評意味。
3. 它表示對導航錯誤的真誠感謝。

請用表示「僅僅幾小時內」的確切目標片語完成句子：The repair was finished ____.

在句子「Once a virus touches down,」中，touches down 是什麼意思？

1. 病毒真的碰到地面。
2. 病毒停止傳播。
3. 病毒抵達某個地方。

用目標句型完成句子，強調一件簡單的事就足夠：All ____ one clear sentence to avoid confusion.

hunter-gatherers 是什麼意思？

1. 從事兩種互不相關的現代職業的人
2. 主要種植作物和飼養牲畜的定居農民
3. 主要透過狩獵、捕魚和採集野生資源取得食物的人

請使用 large 和 sustain 補上 enough 結構：A village of fifty people was not ____ a full-time clinic.

請填入含有 advent 的四字詞片語，用來引出一項重要技術的出現：____ satellite navigation, drivers could find unfamiliar addresses more easily.

哪一句使用 side-by-side 表示長期近距離共存？

1. The two communities met once at a national conference.
2. The two communities moved to opposite ends of the country.
3. The two communities have lived side-by-side for generations.

使用 facilitate 和名詞 spread 補完整個結果片語：The website promoted sensational posts, ____ misinformation.

請用表示「以許多不同的類型或形式存在」的片語完成句子：Online scams ____.

請用 strike 的過去式完成這句災害報導：A powerful storm ____ the coast overnight.

用 force ... into 結構完成句子，並用 -ing 形式表示直接後果：The storm destroyed their homes, ____ hundreds of families ____ temporary shelters.

哪一句表示變化僅在短短幾週內就發生，而不是某種狀態持續了幾週？

1. For weeks, the empty building served as a busy clinic.
2. Within weeks, the empty building became a busy clinic.

請用 breeding grounds for 的單數形式完成句子：A poorly moderated forum can become ____ harmful rumors.

哪一個句子把 spread by mosquitoes 當作修飾 disease 的過去分詞片語？

1. Mosquitoes spread the disease in many tropical regions.
2. The disease is spreading quickly in many tropical regions.
3. The disease spread by mosquitoes is common in tropical regions.

請用 trigger 的 -ing 形式完成句子，以表達結果：The software error blocked every payment, ____ hundreds of customer complaints.

請用本課中表示「擴展到全球範圍」的片語完成句子：After building a strong local audience, the podcast hopes to ____.

哪一句表示類似事件曾在人類歷史的許多時期出現？

1. Similar events have appeared throughout human history.
2. Similar events have continued without a single break since human history began.
3. Similar events have appeared only at the start of human history.

哪一句中的 left scars on 使用了實際身體傷痕的意思？

1. The storm left the windows open.
2. The injury left scars on her shoulder.
3. The betrayal left scars on their friendship.

例句中的 while 有什麼作用？

1. 它把一種證據來源與另一種進行對比。
2. 它表示 DNA 是在另一件事發生期間保存下來的。
3. 它指出證據出現的確切時間。

使用目標表達的過去式完成句子：Despite the sample's age, the lab ____ the tooth.

在歷史報導中，plague pit 指什麼？

1. 埋葬許多瘟疫死者的地點
2. 培養鼠疫細菌的實驗室
3. 用來存放藥品的地下房間

在科學報導中，哪一項最符合 to reconstruct the genome 的意思？

1. 重建進行 DNA 檢測的實體實驗室
2. 根據不完整證據推斷出整套遺傳資訊
3. 只研究一個基因而不推斷更大的遺傳序列

在英文句子 “The bacterium was responsible for the disease,” 中，responsible for 是什麼意思？

1. 這種細菌替該疾病命名。
2. 這種細菌被指派去照顧該疾病。
3. 這種細菌導致了該疾病。

例句中的 It is thought... 表達了什麼態度？

1. 作者表示這項起源說是已經完全證實的事實。
2. 句子明確說出了形成這項觀點的具體人員。
3. 這項起源說被呈現為普遍接受但仍不確定的觀點。

本句中的 the Silk Road 指的是什麼？

1. 一條只用來運送絲綢的現代公路。
2. 橫跨歐亞大陸的歷史貿易路線網絡。
3. 一條只位於蒙古境內的街道。

請使用 run 的 -ing 形式以及表示起點的介系詞完成句子：They followed a trade route ____ Cairo to the coast.

請使用 complete 的過去完成式完成句子：By Friday, the team ____ all the safety checks.

用含有 excess、表示「超過」的三個字正式片語完成句子：The repairs will cost ____ two million dollars.

在“The rescue saved dozens of lives, earning the crew the title of local heroes,”中，-ing 子句表達什麼？

1. 救援隊在行動前的計畫
2. 救援行動帶來的結果
3. 支付給救援隊的金額

把這個一般陳述改寫成突顯 Maya 的 it 強調句：Maya found the missing file. → ____ found the missing file.

請用 by far 和所需的冠詞完成句子：Of all the routes, the express train is ____ fastest.

在句子“The virus is constantly circulating between the two campuses,”中，circulating 是什麼意思？

1. 它沿著完全的圓形路線移動。
2. 它會在兩個地點持續傳播並一直存在。
3. 它完全靜止在一個地點。

哪一句使用 will have been + 過去分詞，推斷主詞先前很可能已被動接觸過某物？

1. During tomorrow's lab test, the sample will be exposed to high heat.
2. Given last year's outbreak, most local adults will have exposed others to the virus already.
3. Given last year's outbreak, most local adults will have been exposed to the virus already.

用表示「大約」且放在時間段之後的表達完成句子：The batteries need replacing every three months ____.

請使用本課的完整目標片語填空：After spreading to a new species, the virus may ____.

在句子“The two viruses exchange genes,”中，exchange genes 是什麼意思？

1. 兩種病毒都失去自己的全部基因。
2. 它們分享關於遺傳學的研究成果。
3. 每種病毒都把遺傳物質傳給另一種病毒。

用 be known as 的正確形式完成句子：This effect ____ the Doppler effect.

對於句子「This was the first recorded case in the town」，哪一種理解最穩妥？

1. 這肯定是該鎮有史以來實際發生的第一個病例。
2. 這是該鎮第一個被錄音記錄的病例。
3. 現有紀錄顯示，這是該鎮最早有文獻可查的病例。

哪一句自然地用時間段作主詞，表示某項變化發生在這段時間內？

1. The following decade saw rapid growth in online learning.
2. The following decade watched rapid growth in online learning.
3. The following decade looked at rapid growth in online learning.

哪一句清楚表示這項比較只以成本作為評估標準？

1. Because it costs less, the second plan is more practical.
2. Despite its cost, the second plan is more practical.
3. In terms of cost, the second plan is more practical.

哪一個句子能自然表達「在新鮮麵包方面，附近其他麵包店都不如這家店」？

1. Of all the neighborhood bakeries, none can compare with this one for fresh bread.
2. Of all the neighborhood bakeries, compare none with this one for fresh bread.
3. Of all the neighborhood bakeries, none can compare this one with fresh bread.

哪一個句子正確使用了這個報告式框架，引出漏水最早出現的跡象？

1. The first indication of a leak came just after midnight.
2. The first indication of a leak traveled just after midnight.
3. The first indication to a leak came just after midnight.

選出最自然的醫療紀錄表達。

1. The patient complained about severe chest pain.
2. The patient complained of severe chest pain.
3. The patient complained severe chest pain.

哪一句中的 on parade 表示軍事列隊活動？

1. The soldiers were on parade when one of them collapsed.
2. The dancers were performing in a parade downtown.
3. The tourists were watching a parade when the rain began.

哪一句正確使用 prompting，表示前一事件引發了後續行動？

1. A chemical leak was discovered, prompting an immediate evacuation of the building.
2. A chemical leak was discovered, prompting that the building was evacuated.
3. A chemical leak was discovered, prompting to an immediate evacuation of the building.

在句子 'As one witness recalled, the room went completely silent.' 中，開頭框架有什麼作用？

1. 它表示房間與那名目擊者相似。
2. 它表示那名目擊者使房間安靜下來。
3. 它把後面的資訊歸於一名目擊者的回憶。

哪個句子中的 admission 表示病人入院？

1. Admission to the museum is free on Sundays.
2. Her admission of guilt surprised everyone.
3. The patient was monitored closely after admission.

這裡的 cyanosis extending from their ears and spreading all over the face 是什麼意思？

1. 這個人感到悲傷，而且這種情緒正在臉上擴散。
2. 一般的藍色臉部顏料正從耳部向外塗抹。
3. 與低氧有關的青紫色臨床徵象正從耳部往臉部擴展，覆蓋愈來愈大的範圍。

用 only a matter of + 一段時間 + before 完成句子。使用 a few minutes：The oven is already hot, so it is ____ the bread starts to brown.

用表示「拚命設法呼吸」的生動名詞片語完成句子：After inhaling thick smoke, every breath became ____.

用 en route 和表示目的地所需的介系詞完成行程更新：The relief convoy is ____ the flooded town.

哪一個句子自然地使用了 hemorrhage？

1. The patient was hemorrhaging after a major artery was damaged.
2. The paper cut was hemorrhaging one tiny drop.
3. The marker hemorrhaged a thin red line across the paper.

用 slick 和正確的介系詞完成句子：After the leak, the factory floor was ____ oil.

填入本課中表示「經正式核准暫時離崗」的兩字片語：The service member visited her parents while ____.

在這個句子中，introduced the flu to Dover 是什麼意思？

1. 流感被帶入了多佛。
2. 流感被正式介紹給了多佛。
3. 多佛的人們學會了流感的名稱。

請用包含 where、表示「並從那裡」的兩個字關係結構完成句子：We reached the harbor, ____ we continued by ferry.

用表示「經歷所有階段後自然結束」的片語完成句子：The doctor expects the mild rash to ____ within a few days.

把 estimate 變成正確形式並加上冠詞：____ 12,000 homes lost power during the storm.

用新聞中表示死亡人數的固定搭配完成句子：After the earthquake, the ____ rose to twelve.

But that was then. Today, 在這段話中有什麼作用？

1. 它從現在的情況轉回更早的歷史例子。
2. 它表示1918年與今天的情況基本相同。
3. 它結束歷史例子，並引出形成對比的當代情況。

用表示「只花少得多的時間」的目標片語完成比較：The new scanner checks each bag ____ the old model needed.

哪一句正確使用句尾 -ing 片語來描述主詞抵達時的狀態？

1. Feeling unwell, the practice was canceled by Nina.
2. Nina arrived at practice felt unwell.
3. Nina arrived at practice feeling unwell.

哪一句在公共衛生語境中正確使用了 harbor 和 animal-origin？

1. The research ship entered a harbor after collecting animal samples.
2. A patient may harbor an animal-origin virus without showing symptoms.
3. The family harbored an injured animal until a veterinarian arrived.

請用 Unknown to + person 結構補完整句子：Noah left the library. ____, his phone was still on the desk.

請完成 be short for 結構：Lab is ____ laboratory.

使用 within + 時間 + of + -ing 完成句子，表達「不晚於新學期開始後的一週」：____ the new semester, Maya joined a club.

請用重點標出的四字時間片語完成句子：The treatment began on Monday. ____, the patient's condition steadily improved.

在航空語境中，這句話是什麼意思：All flights were grounded because of the severe storm.

1. 這些班機被調往不同的機場。
2. 由於暴風雨，所有班機都不准起飛。
3. 每個航班都延後二十分鐘起飛。

請用 avert 的過去式完成句子：Quick action ____ a serious accident.

哪個句子設定了一個過去的終點，並說明結果在此之前已經完成？

1. We discussed the budget until the meeting was over.
2. By the time the meeting was over, we had agreed on a budget.
3. When the meeting was over, we began discussing the budget.

請用本課的正式讓步片語完成句子：____ the climb was exhausting, everyone enjoyed the view.

請用本課中表示「幾乎無法採取有效行動」的確切片語完成句子：After the only backup was destroyed, there was ____ the lost data.

請填入正確的英文詞組，表示「沒有可靠證據的陰謀說法」：The article repeated several ____ about the power outage.

用 grind to a halt 的簡單過去式完成句子：After the signal failure, rail service ____.

請用 add to 的過去式完成句子：The misleading headline ____ the panic.

哪一句正確使用 -ing 子句補充經濟損失這項結果？

1. The software failure delayed every order, costing the company thousands of dollars.
2. The software failure delayed every order, costing to the company thousands of dollars.
3. The software failure delayed every order, costed the company thousands of dollars.

哪一句話突顯了從一個事件中得出的最重要教訓？

1. The outage happened late on Tuesday.
2. Above all, the outage was a reminder that backup systems need regular testing.
3. After the outage, the team replaced two servers.

哪一句話說明兩者有關聯，但沒有主張其中一個因素直接造成另一個因素？

1. The survey proved that late-night screen use directly caused shorter sleep.
2. The survey found that late-night screen use had no connection with sleep length.
3. The survey found that late-night screen use was associated with shorter sleep.

請使用本課中的確切修辭開場完成句子：____, it is that prevention is cheaper than repair.

哪一句中的 while 表示「雖然」，而不是「在……期間」？

1. When the problem looked minor, the team ignored it.
2. While the technician was checking the server, the screen went dark.
3. While the problem may look minor, it could affect the entire network.

使用帶有 dramatic 的同等程度比較結構完成句子：The new law could have an impact ____ that of a major tax increase.

補上目標框架，先指出現今和過去不同，再說明具體內容：____ we can send warnings to millions of people within seconds.

使用 give someone the ability to do something 完成句子：New sensors give firefighters ____ detect smoke sooner.

使用 take action to mitigate 完成句子：Officials decided to ____ the impacts of flooding.

請用一個能設定預防性期限的詞完成句子：Call the plumber ____ the leak gets too serious.