你有氣候焦慮嗎？⏲️ 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

6 Minute English from the BBC.

BBC《六分鐘英語》。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，這裡是BBC英語教學的《六分鐘英語》。

I'm Neil.

我是Neil。

And I'm Beth.

我是Beth。

Switch on the TV or read a newspaper 片語動詞

打開電視或讀讀報紙，

and it's full of bad news about the environment. 片語搭配

滿眼都是關於環境的壞消息。

But climate change is damaging more than just the planet's health. 片語搭配

但是氣候變遷不僅破壞著地球的健康。

It's affecting human health too.

也在影響著人類的健康。

A growing number of people around the world 片語搭配

世界上越來越多的人

are experiencing something psychiatrists are calling eco-anxiety. 文法

正在經歷精神科醫生稱之為「生態焦慮」（eco-anxiety）的症狀。

Eco-anxiety involves feeling grief, guilt, fear, or hopelessness 講解

生態焦慮包括感到悲傷、內疚、恐懼或絕望，

about the future of the planet due to climate change. 片語搭配

這都是因氣候變遷而對地球的未來感到擔憂。

Of course, direct victims of climate change suffer most.

當然，氣候變遷的直接受害者受苦最深。

Flood survivors experience depression and anxiety,

洪災倖存者會經歷憂鬱和焦慮，

and people breathing polluted air are at a higher risk of dementia. 片語搭配

呼吸被污染空氣的人罹患失智症的風險更高。

But according to the Institute of Psychiatrists, 片語搭配

但是根據精神醫學研究所的說法，

just reading about the state of the planet in the news is causing stress and anxiety. 用詞

僅僅是在新聞中讀到關於地球現狀的報導，就會引發壓力和焦慮。

In this program on eco-anxiety,

在這期關於生態焦慮的節目中，

we'll be learning some useful vocabulary related to this worrying topic,

我們將學習一些與這個令人擔憂的話題相關的實用詞彙，

and hopefully be hearing some happier environmental news as well.

希望也能聽到一些更令人開心的環境新聞。

I hope so, Neil.

我希望如此，Neil。

With so much bad news,

壞消息這麼多，

it's sometimes hard to feel optimistic about the future.

有時候很難對未來感到樂觀。

Well, here's a question about some good climate news for a change. 慣用語

好吧，這裡有一個關於好消息的問題，換換心情。

In Australia,

在澳洲，

an animal thought to be extinct 文法

一種曾被認為已經滅絕的動物

has been spotted for the first time in over 50 years. 用詞

50多年來首次被發現。

But what is the animal?

但是這是什麼動物呢？

Is it A, a shark,

是A，鯊魚，

B, a lizard,

B，蜥蜴，

or C, a parrot?

還是C，鸚鵡？

Mm, I'll guess it's a shark.

嗯，我猜是鯊魚。

Okay, Beth.

好的，Beth。

I'll reveal the answer later.

我稍後會揭曉答案。

Unsurprisingly,

毫無意外，

many of those suffering from eco-anxiety are young people. 文法

許多患有生態焦慮的人都是年輕人。

When BBC Radio 4 program Woman's Hour

當BBC廣播四台的節目《Woman's Hour》

spoke with veteran environmentalist Judy Ling Wong, 用詞

採訪資深環保人士Judy Ling Wong時，

they asked her if she was worried for young people today.

他們問她是否為當今的年輕人感到擔憂。

I have tremendous compassion for them 片語搭配

我對他們懷有極大的同情（compassion），

because what a mess we have left the world in, 文法

因為看看我們給這個世界留下了多麼爛的攤子（what a mess），

our generation and the generation before.

我們這一代和上一代。

But of course, you know, the science is so advanced now.

但當然，你知道，現在的科學非常發達。

Very much in the past,

在過去很大程度上，

the science would say, yes, we think perhaps...

科學界會說，是的，我們認為或許……

we perhaps have this models...

我們或許有這些模型……

so now we have the exact science.

但現在我們擁有了精確的科學。

So it is an absolutely different ball game. 慣用語

所以這是一個完全不同的局面（different ball game）。

We actually know what to do now.

我們現在確實知道該怎麼做了。

It is about getting on with it, 片語動詞

現在的關鍵是付諸行動，

and the young people are the furthest ahead in this. 用詞

而年輕人在這一點上走在最前線。

They can see the future as theirs 文法

他們把未來視為自己的，

and they're impassioned to do something about it. 用詞

並且他們充滿熱情（impassioned）去為此做些什麼。

Judy feels compassion,

Judy感到「同情」（compassion），

a strong feeling of sympathy for young people

這是一種對年輕人的強烈同情心，

and the wish for them not to suffer.

以及希望他們不要受苦的願望。

She blames older generations

她指責老一代人，

and uses the phrase what a mess

並用短語「真是個爛攤子」（what a mess）

to emphasise that the planet is in bad shape.

來強調地球狀況很糟糕。

You can use the phrase what a something

你可以使用「what a something」這個短語

to intensify the thing you're talking about.

來強調你正在談論的事物。

For example,

舉個例子，

if someone gives you a birthday present,

如果有人給了你一份生日禮物，

you might say, what a nice surprise.

你可能會說，what a nice surprise（真是個大驚喜）。

But Judy is optimistic.

但是Judy是樂觀的。

The science on climate change is much more accurate than it used to be.

關於氣候變遷的科學比以前準確得多。

For example,

例如，

we know that moving away from fossil fuels would be a big help. 片語動詞

我們知道擺脫化石燃料會有很大幫助。

Science has changed the ball game,

科學已經改變了「局面」（ball game），

the set of circumstances that controls how a situation occurs.

即控制某種情況發生的環境因素。

Knowing exactly how to stop climate change has impassioned young people. 文法

確切了解如何阻止氣候變遷「激發了」（impassioned）年輕人。

They feel strongly motivated to take action,

他們感到有強烈的動力去採取行動，

and as it turns out, 表達脈絡

事實證明，

taking action may be one of the most powerful antidotes to eco-anxiety. 慣用語

採取行動可能是緩解生態焦慮最有效的解藥之一。

Actually doing something to combat climate change reduces feelings of helplessness. 用詞

真正做些對抗氣候變遷的事情可以減少無助感。

Here's Judy Ling Wong again speaking with BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour.

再來聽聽Judy Ling Wong在BBC廣播四台《Woman's Hour》中的談話。

You know,

你知道，

when the Institute of Psychiatry published its special issue on climate anxiety, 用詞

當精神醫學研究所發表關於氣候焦慮的特刊時，

one of the papers pointed out is that if you can do something about it, 片語動詞

其中一篇論文指出，如果你能為此做點什麼，

if you feel part of the movement to change things or to stabilise things, 片語搭配

如果你覺得自己是改變或穩定事物的運動的一部分，

you feel much better.

你會感覺好很多。

And also,

並且，

you know, at the moment the government is trying to reach net zero by 2050 文化背景

你知道，目前政府正在努力在2050年實現淨零碳排

and all that and they committed to creating 2 million new green jobs. 講解

等等，他們承諾創造200萬個新的綠色工作職缺。

Now,

那麼，

if young people and activists think about this,

如果年輕人和社運人士考慮到這一點，

if you have a green job,

如果你有一份綠色工作，

you're actually dedicating your entire working life to building a green sustainable future. 講解

你實際上就是把你的整個「工作生涯」（working life）獻給了建設一個綠色的永續未來。

And that has a huge effect on your psychology. 片語搭配

這對你的心理有著巨大的影響。

Judy urges young people to join a movement,

Judy敦促年輕人加入一項「運動」（movement），

a group of people who share the same beliefs and ideas.

即一群擁有共同信仰和理念的人。

Being part of the solution, 慣用語

成為解決方案的一部分，

not the problem,

而不是問題的一部分，

helps reduce anxiety.

有助於減輕焦慮。

And with new green jobs,

隨著新的綠色工作職缺的出現，

young people can protect the environment their entire working life,

年輕人可以在他們的整個「工作生涯」（working life）中保護環境，

the period of life spent in employment between leaving school and retirement.

也就是指離開學校到退休之間的就業時期。

And Judy's hopefulness is shared.

並且Judy的樂觀態度引起了共鳴。

Recent polls showed that the majority of people are worried about climate change

最近的民意調查顯示，大多數人都在擔心氣候變遷，

and are prepared to make changes. 片語搭配

並且準備做出改變。

Finally, some good news.

終於有一些好消息了。

And speaking of good news, 表達脈絡

說到好消息，

what was the answer to your question, Neil?

你的問題答案是什麼，Neil？

I asked which extinct animal has recently been spotted in Australia.

我問最近在澳洲發現了哪種滅絕動物。

You guessed it was a shark,

你猜是一條鯊魚，

which was the wrong answer.

這是錯誤的答案。

Actually,

實際上，

it was a lizard,

牠是一隻蜥蜴，

the earless grassland dragon,

無耳草原龍，

a native to East Australia that was last seen in the wild in 1969. 講解

一種原產於澳洲東部的動物，最後一次在野外被看到是在1969年。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned from this program on eco-anxiety, 表達脈絡

讓我們回顧一下在這個關於生態焦慮的節目中學到的詞彙，

starting with compassion,

首先是「compassion」（同情心），

a strong feeling of sympathy and the wish for people not to suffer.

指強烈的同情心以及希望人們不要受苦的願望。

The phrase what a something is used to intensify the thing you're talking about.

短語「what a something」（真是個……）用於強調你正在談論的事物。

For example,

舉個例子，

what a mess,

「what a mess」（真是個爛攤子），

or what a nice surprise.

或者是「what a nice surprise」（真是個大驚喜）。

The ball game refers to the set of circumstances that controls how a situation happens.

「The ball game」（局面）指的是控制情況發生的環境因素。

If you're impassioned,

如果你是「impassioned」（充滿熱情的），

you're emotionally motivated to do something.

說明你在情感上有動力去做某事。

A movement is a group of people with the same beliefs,

一項「movement」（運動）是一群有著共同信仰、

ideas, and aims.

理念和目標的人。

And finally,

最後，

your working life is the period of life spent in employment

你的「working life」（工作生涯）是指從離開學校到退休之間的

between leaving school and retirement.

就業時期。

Once again,

再一次，

our 6 minutes are up. 慣用語

我們的6分鐘時間到了。

Join us again next time here on 6 Minute English.

下次請繼續收聽我們的《六分鐘英語》。

Goodbye for now.

暫時再見。

Bye.

拜拜。

6 Minute English from the BBC.

BBC《六分鐘英語》。