為什麼你應該讀《罪與罰》？ - 亞歷克斯·根德勒 (Alex Gendler)：英語精讀講義

用 drive someone to do 的過去式結構完成句子：Daniel kept receiving threats. The fear ____ contact the police.

填入表示「故意且毫無憐憫地」的慣用語：The report said the defenseless victim had been killed ____.

用 go through someone's mind 的過去式完成問句：What ____ when you heard the sudden crash?

哪一個句子中的 breed 與 society breeds such people 中的比喻義相同？

1. The community raises its children together.
2. The farmer breeds sheep for wool.
3. A culture of secrecy can breed distrust.

請用 take up 的過去式和代名詞 it 完成句子：The committee delayed the issue, but the members finally ____.

請用一個以 what 開頭、表示「後來成為……的那個組織」的三字結構完成句子：In 1998, she joined ____ one of the world's largest charities.

使用 one of + the + 最高級 + 複數名詞 這個句型以及 popular 和 museum 完成句子：This is ____ in the city.

在出版脈絡中，The novel was serialized in a magazine. 是什麼意思？

1. 它隨著時間分成多期陸續刊出。
2. 雜誌替它編了一個序號。
3. 它立刻以一本完整書籍出版。

請用表示「講述……的故事」的片語完成劇情簡介：The film ____ three friends starting a new life abroad.

哪一種情況可以準確地描述為 living in abject poverty？

1. 一個家庭等到下個月再買新電視。
2. 一個家庭為了省錢而選擇價格較低的餐廳。
3. 一個家庭無法穩定取得食物、安全住所或基本醫療服務。

哪一句清楚地把角色的情況定位在敘事作品的開端？

1. At the start of the novel, Amir lives with his aunt.
2. At the publication of the novel, Amir lives with his aunt.
3. When the novelist starts speaking, Amir lives with his aunt.

請用表示「所有可用資金都已耗盡」的目標表達完成句子：The research team cannot buy more equipment because it ____.

哪一句表示額外的延誤讓挫折感變得更嚴重，而且毫無幫助？

1. The extra delay only distracted us from our frustration.
2. The extra delay only added to our frustration.
3. The extra delay only revealed our frustration.

哪一句在 understands 之後正確使用了嵌入式 how much 子句？

1. She understands how much have her parents done for her.
2. She understands how much did her parents do for her.
3. She understands how much her parents have done for her.

哪一個句子正確使用了這種壓縮的句首結構？

1. Increasingly nervous after hearing the news, Maya called her friend.
2. Increasingly nervous after hearing the news, the phone rang in Maya's hand.
3. Increasingly nervous after heard the news, Maya called her friend.

哪一項定義最符合 pawnbroker？

1. 修理損壞珠寶的工作人員
2. 以有價值的物品作擔保放款的個人或商家
3. 在多種市場中替客戶安排交易的代理人

請用 resolve on 的正確時態完成句子：After weeks of debate, the committee ____ a final plan.

請用 carry out 的正確形式完成句子：The engineers will ____ the safety test tomorrow.

用 prove to be 的正確形式完成句子：The experiment ____ harder to control than expected.

哪個句子正確表達新工作超出 Maya 原有的心理準備？

1. The first day at the new job was more than Maya was prepared.
2. The first day at the new job was more than Maya was prepared for.
3. The first day at the new job was more Maya prepared for.

請填入 cite 的兩字形式，表示「被當作例子提及」：The bridge is often ____ a model of sustainable design.

哪一句先承認一項不利因素，再提出更重要的正面判斷？

1. Though the route was longer, it was safer.
2. The route was longer, so it took more time.
3. Because the route was longer, it was safer.

請用本課中表示「遠遠超出」的三個字完成句子：The course's scope ____ basic grammar.

請在每個空格填入一個字，完成標示的 From ... to ... 範圍結構：____ neighborhood cafés ____ national chains, the guide compares how businesses serve their customers.

哪一句的 underbelly 和例句一樣，使用了帶批判意味的比喻義？

1. The investigation exposed the industry's corrupt underbelly.
2. The veterinarian gently checked the dog's underbelly.
3. The mechanic inspected the bus's underbelly for damage.

請用表示「被呈現得鮮活而真實」的表達完成句子：Through the actor's performance, the historical figure was ____ on screen.

在“The memoir is praised for its searing prose.”中，searing prose 是什麼意思？

1. 描寫火焰的詩歌
2. 具有強烈情感衝擊或批判力量的文字
3. 清楚但沒有強烈情感效果的文字

填入表示「讀者第一次認識故事角色」的被動片語：In chapter one, readers are ____ the main character.

使用 drive、the business 和 debt 完成結果結構：Years of careless borrowing have ____.

哪一種理解最符合這段描述？

1. 它給出中性的醫學診斷，而且沒有說明社會身分。
2. 它把一名具有貴族身分的男子描寫成精神不穩定且有令人反感的色慾。
3. 它說一名品德高尚的男子性格開朗又浪漫。

使用固定結構 stands in stark contrast to 完成句子：The quiet library ____ the noisy cafeteria.

哪一句最能呈現兩個發展同時發生，而且形成出乎意料的反差？

1. The team remained confident even as the deadline drew closer.
2. The team remained confident after the deadline had passed.
3. The team remained confident because the deadline was extended.

請用 grow increasingly intertwined 的過去式完成句子：Over the years, the two researchers' careers ____.

哪一句中的 portrait 表示藝術作品的整體描繪，並以 bleak 評價這種描繪嚴酷且缺乏希望？

1. The documentary offers a bleak portrait of a town after the factories closed.
2. The museum displays a portrait of the mayor beside a bleak gray wall.
3. The documentary provides a population count for a town after the factories closed.

哪一句中的 reflect 表示「體現、反映」？

1. The editor reflects on the article before publishing it.
2. The memoir reflects the author's experiences of migration.
3. The lake reflects the mountains at sunset.

請用一個以 left 開頭、表示「告別並放棄」的兩字過去式片語完成句子：After years in finance, Lena ____ her secure career to train as a nurse.

用 be attracted to 的過去完成式補完整句子：Before she joined the group, she ____ ideas of political reform.

哪一句中的 circle 表示非正式的社交或思想社群？

1. Use a compass to draw a circle on the page.
2. The dancers formed a circle around the stage.
3. She became part of a circle of young writers who met every Friday.

哪一句最準確地說明了標示片語所呈現的政治風險？

1. 這些文本被稱為激進文本，只是因為篇幅特別長。
2. 這些文本主張重大變革，並遭帝國當局正式禁止。
3. 這些文本是由帝國當局正式推廣的無害娛樂作品。

請使用 upon + 名詞 exposure 完成這個正式句子：____, the secret operation ended.

請用 sentence 的被動形式和指定刑罰完成句子：The prisoner was ____. 刑罰：死刑。

請用 only to + 被動結構完成句子，表達「結果卻被迫接受」：The visitors expected a quick entrance, ____ a two-hour security screening.

在這句話中，a mock execution 是什麼意思？

1. 一場討論處決是否合法的公開辯論
2. 一場在人們嘲笑囚犯時進行的處決
3. 一場經過安排、但不會真的殺死囚犯的假處決

在這句話中，last minute pardon from the tsar 是什麼意思？

1. 俄羅斯皇帝在刑罰即將執行前正式取消刑罰
2. 要求囚犯向俄羅斯皇帝道歉
3. 俄羅斯皇帝下令把刑罰延後一分鐘

請用目標結構 spend + 時間 + in 補完整句子，表示接下來兩年在某地度過：After moving abroad, Maya ____ a small coastal town.

在這段歷史敘述中，哪一項描述最符合 a Siberian labor camp 的意思？

1. 讓人學習職業技能的暑期課程
2. 提供有薪建築工人暫住的營地
3. 拘禁受刑人並強迫其勞動的營地

請用表示「在他獲釋之前」的縮減被動片語完成句子：The prisoner spent two years in custody ____.

請用 leave + 人 + with 的過去式結構完成句子，表達「使她產生」：The frightening experience ____ a fear of deep water.

請用本課的目標比較級片語完成句子：Compared with her first forecast, the new report presents a ____ view of the economy.

哪一句能自然表達「地方歷史成為這間博物館新的主要關注領域」？

1. The museum's focus shifted toward local history.
2. The museum's focus shifted toward to local history.
3. The museum's focus shifted local history.

哪一句自然地使用了 expound on，並符合它通常的正式含義？

1. The professor expounded the audience on the ethical theory.
2. The professor expounded on the ethical theory during the lecture.
3. Maya expounded on her name by saying only, 'Maya.'

請選出使用 that 子句說明信念具體內容的句子。

1. She defended her belief about every child.
2. She defended her belief that every child deserves respect.
3. She defended her belief in every child.

這裡的 utopian Western philosophies 是什麼意思？

1. 以高度理想化的社會願景為核心的西方思想體系
2. 不加區分的所有西方哲學
3. 只研究個人心理的西方理論

這裡的 contradictory yearnings of the human soul 是什麼意思？

1. 容易滿足的簡單日常需求
2. 彼此衝突的深層內在願望
3. 所有人都接受的宗教規範

請用本課片語補完整句子，表達「形成構想並最後完成」：The documentary was ____ in less than a year.

用本課片語動詞的正確形式補完整句子：The second episode ____ a clue from the opening scene.

In many ways 對後面的判斷起什麼作用？

1. 它涉及多條實際存在的道路。
2. 從多個角度來看是正確的，但不一定每個面向都正確。
3. 每個細節都完全正確，沒有任何例外。

請用表示「採用一種常見的連貫敘事模式」的目標片語完成句子：The novel ____ in which an outsider finally finds a home.

以下哪一種理解最準確地概括了標示部分的敘事模式？

1. 城市為一名年輕人提供實用的訓練，卻沒有改變他的價值觀。
2. 一名有天分的年輕人被都市誘惑吸引，並逐漸失去道德操守。
3. 一名年輕人搬到城市後只找到了交往對象。

請用本課的深度比喻補全影評：The plot seems familiar, but its social critique ____.

“She rationalizes that copying one answer will not matter” 暗示了什麼？

1. 她在中性地解釋抄答案是怎麼回事。
2. 她在客觀計算自己抄了多少道答案。
3. 她在替抄一道答案找一個聽起來合理的藉口。

選擇強調有害犧牲的片語：The app became easier to use, but it did so ___ users' privacy.

1. in addition to
2. on behalf of
3. at the cost of

"The policy would be a net benefit to society" 表達了什麼判斷？

1. 它不會產生任何成本或負面影響。
2. 整體而言，它為社會帶來的好處會大於不利影響。
3. 它會以完全相同的方式幫助每一個人。

閱讀："Leo apologized to the team. In doing so, he helped rebuild trust." doing so 指的是什麼？

1. 團隊在沒有 Leo 的情況下重建信任。
2. Leo 開始一個全新且無關的動作。
3. Leo 向團隊道歉這件事。

一位評論者寫道：「Her argument echoes the doctrines of classical liberalism.」這句話是什麼意思？

1. 這證明她正式研究過並接受了該思想體系的所有內容。
2. 她的聲音使這些詞語以聲音的形式重複出現。
3. 她的論點反映了與某個既有思想體系相關的原則。

哪一個術語最符合這種倫理立場：主要根據一個行為對所有受影響者整體福祉的作用來評價該行為？

1. egoism
2. utilitarianism
3. self-confidence

哪一句中的 embrace 和例句一樣使用了抽象義？

1. At the reunion, Maya embraced her aunt.
2. The committee briefly mentioned the new method.
3. The research team embraced the new method after seeing the results.

句首的 In believing that 有什麼作用？

1. 它把抱持這種信念當成與後文相連的心理前提或情境。
2. 它表示這個人只有身處某個地方時才能相信某件事。
3. 它引出說話者原話的直接引語。

請用 allow + people + to transcend 的現在簡單式完成句子：Education ____ inherited prejudices.

請用 cut oneself off from 的正確過去式完成句子：After the argument, Maya deliberately ____ her closest friends.

用 Yet + although 完成句子：The team had little experience. ____ the task was difficult, they finished on time.

哪一句自然地表示「這部紀錄片把氣候變遷當作探討主題」？

1. The documentary deeply concerns with climate change.
2. The documentary is deeply concerned with climate change.
3. The documentary is deeply concerned about climate change.

用 come across as 的正確形式完成句子：Even when he disagrees, his feedback never ____ hostile.

影評人說一部電影 merely moralizing。他是在批評什麼？

1. 它只是用過度簡化的方式向觀眾說教什麼是對、什麼是錯。
2. 它從多個角度探討複雜的對錯問題。
3. 它與任何道德問題都毫無關係。

使用動詞 give 完成被動的 with 結構：The discussion remained balanced, with every participant ____ enough time to speak.

選擇 thing 的正確形式完成句子：One of the most remarkable ____ about this town is its public library.

請用 ability to 和 thrill 的原形完成句子：The game's ____ players of all ages keeps it popular.

哪一個句子正確使用了 despite？

1. Despite of the traffic, Nina arrived on time.
2. Despite the traffic, Nina arrived on time.
3. Despite the traffic was heavy, Nina arrived on time.

請用 change 的被動 -ing 形式完成句子：The coach was upset about the schedule ____ without warning.

在評論中，「The mystery is established in the first act」是什麼意思？

1. 第一個採取行動的角色確立了謎團。
2. 謎團在開篇的結構單位中確立。
3. 謎團由通過的第一部法律確立。

哪一句中的 account 表示「敘述」，而且 gripping 用得自然？

1. The witness gave a gripping account of the rescue.
2. The payment was taken from his bank account.
3. She created a secure account for the website.

這裡的 ensuing social and psychological turmoil 描述什麼？

1. 只有公共場所中看得見的混亂
2. 同時發生的一般問題
3. 先前事件之後出現的嚴重社會動盪和內心不安

完成這個強調結構，把 careful observation 表達為唯一途徑：It is ____ careful observation ____ we notice the pattern.

用標示的結構完成句子：The report finally revealed ____ the threat.

下列哪一句中的 redemption 表示犯錯後透過改變重新做人？

1. She forgave him immediately, although he refused to change.
2. Customers can complete coupon redemption at the checkout.
3. The former thief devoted his life to helping others and searched for redemption.

用醒目標示的原片語完成這句評論，表達「讓每個角色都鮮活起來」：Her expressive narration ____ in the radio drama.

哪一句自然地使用 deeper and deeper into a moral quagmire 來描述不斷惡化的道德處境？

1. The cover-up drew the officials deeper and deeper into a moral quagmire.
2. A little rain made one shallow puddle, creating a moral quagmire.
3. Picking a blue pen instead of a black one drew Leo deeper and deeper into a moral quagmire.