腎結石是如何形成的？ - Arash Shadman：英語精讀講義

請用表示「在所有有正式紀錄的案例中」的目標兩字表達完成句子：This was the driest spring ____.

哪一句表示包裹的總重量超過五公斤？

1. The package weighs exactly five kilograms.
2. The package weighs more than five kilograms.
3. The package weighs five kilograms more than the old one.

用表示「從中心橫向測量」的兩個英文單字完成句子：The circular sign is 60 cm ____.

哪一句表示這個氣球大約和西瓜一樣大？

1. They saw a balloon the size of a watermelon.
2. They saw a balloon inside a watermelon.
3. They saw a balloon made from a watermelon.

哪個句子正確使用了「形容詞 + to 不定詞」結構來評價取出某物這個動作？

1. The splinter was painfully remove.
2. The splinter was painful to remove.
3. The splinter was pain to removing.

哪個片語中的 mass 表示由物質聚成的一個整體？

1. the mass of the planet
2. a tangled mass of roots
3. a Mass at the cathedral

用 consist of 的正確形式完成句子：The emergency kit ____ a flashlight, water, and a first-aid pack.

用 get too high 的正確形式完成句子：If the water levels ____, the road may flood.

在化學語境的句子「The solution is basic.」中，basic 是什麼意思？

1. 它具有鹼性。
2. 它很容易理解。
3. 它只包含入門資訊。

請用本課的過程片語完成這個新的科學句子：As seawater evaporates, salt particles may ____.

請用 unless 和 repair 的被動形式完成警告句：____ the leak ____, the damage will spread.

哪一個句子正確表示變化在一段時間內逐漸發生？

1. The paint slowly faded at several months.
2. The paint slowly faded on several months.
3. The paint slowly faded over several months.

選出自然使用 -ing 片語來說明前一事件結果的句子。

1. The storm damaged several power lines, left hundreds of homes without electricity.
2. The storm damaged several power lines, leaves hundreds of homes without electricity.
3. The storm damaged several power lines, leaving hundreds of homes without electricity.

用標示表達的正確形式完成句子：Electric vehicles ____ about 15% of new car sales.

用 be made of 的正確形式完成句子：These laboratory containers ____ glass.

用 can be caused by 完成句子：This skin irritation ____ an allergic reaction.

請用 can result from 完成句子：Some headaches ____ dehydration.

請用 go undetected 完成句子：A tiny leak can ____ for months before anyone notices it.

哪一句表示圖書館會一直開放到最後一位訪客離開時？

1. The library will close before the last visitor leaves.
2. The library will open after the last visitor leaves.
3. The library will stay open until the last visitor leaves.

請用表示「穿過中間空間」的字和表示「進入目的地」的字完成路徑：The train travels ____ the tunnel and ____ the station.

本句中的 urinary tract 是什麼意思？

1. 只指儲存尿液的膀胱
2. 尿液流經的器官和通道
3. 用來追蹤病患行動的路線

哪一項最符合這個句子片段中 nerve endings 的意思？

1. 貫穿全身的完整神經
2. 可以接收或傳遞訊號的神經末端部分
3. 一個關於神經的故事中的最後情節

哪一句既自然使用科學語境中的搭配，又描述了極度劇烈的疼痛？

1. The damaged nerves transmit excruciating pain signals to the brain.
2. The damaged nerves mail excruciating pain signals to the brain.
3. The damaged nerves transmit mildly uncomfortable signals to the brain.

使用 send 的過去式 + the boxes + sliding 完成句子：The sudden stop ____ across the bus floor.

使用 can be accompanied by symptoms of 完成這句正式的醫療描述：This reaction ____ swelling and itching.

使用 a burning sensation while urinating 完成這句臨床症狀描述：The patient reported ____.

請使用 tall 和 reach，依照 adjective + enough + to + verb 結構完成句子：Leo is ____ the top shelf.

請使用 block the flow of 完成句子：A pile of leaves can ____ water in the drain.

在這句話中，create an infection or backflow 是什麼意思？

1. 產生健康的腎臟組織，並改善尿液流動。
2. 引發感染，或使尿液朝錯誤方向流動。
3. 讓所有液體都停止在體內流動。

用表示「需要進入身體的治療」的目標表達完成句子：Most mild cases do not ____.

使用本課結構 less than + 數值和單位 + in diameter，完成表示「嚴格小於3公分」的句子：The button is ____.

哪一句表示非常小的腎結石可能不需醫療介入就自行排出體外？

1. A patient may pass out while the kidney stones remain in the body.
2. Very small kidney stones may be removed from the body during a procedure.
3. Very small kidney stones may pass out of the body on their own.

用括號中單字的正確形式完成英文句子：During hot weather, doctors often ____ more water. (recommend, drink)

使用 speed + object + along 結構和括號中的字詞完成英文句子：Extra staff can ____. (the review process)

medications like alpha blockers 中的 like 有什麼作用？

1. 它表示 alpha blockers 是唯一可能使用的藥物。
2. 它把 like 用作表示「喜歡」的動詞。
3. 它把 alpha blockers 當作一種藥物類別的例子。

使用括號中的動詞，以 help by + -ing 完成句子：Thick curtains can ____ outside light. (block)

請用 make it easier for 的正確形式完成句子：The new ramp ____ wheelchair users to enter the building.

在這句話中，potassium citrate 指的是什麼？

1. 它是一種藥物或化合物的名稱。
2. 它是結石大小的計量單位。
3. 它是輸送尿液的管道的另一個名稱。

請用表示「使固體進入溶液」的目標動詞完成句子：A special treatment can ____ the mineral deposits over time.

請使用 remove 組成 by + -ing 片語來表示方法：The filter improves air quality ____ dust from the air.

用表示「約略上限」的目標三字片語完成句子：The hike can take ____ six hours.

哪一句自然使用 pulverize + 受詞 + with + 手段來描述徹底粉碎？

1. The machine breaks the dry clay with high-pressure jets.
2. The machine pulverizes the dry clay for high-pressure jets.
3. The machine pulverizes the dry clay with high-pressure jets.

哪一項最準確地說明了「extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy」？

1. 一種測量耳內聲音的影像檢查
2. 一種總是透過大切口取出結石的手術
3. 一種利用從體外發出的聚焦震波打碎結石的治療

在「high-intensity pulses of focused ultrasonic energy」中，哪個詞是整個片語的中心名詞？

1. pulses
2. intensity
3. focused
4. energy

請用 aimed directly at 完成句子：The narrow beam was ____ the marked spot.

These combined forces 在這段說明中有什麼作用？

1. 它引入一種先前完全沒有討論過的新力量。
2. 它把前文提到的多種作用彙整為下一個結果的一個原因。
3. 它表示前面的作用各自發生，沒有產生共同結果。

用表示變化結果的字完成句子：The machine crushed the ice ____ small pieces.

在這句話中，zapping a stone with sound 是什麼意思？

1. 它表示結石會自然發出很大的聲音。
2. 它用非正式的方式描述以聲波能量處理並擊碎結石。
3. 它明確表示用電來處理結石。

哪一句表示嚴寒會降低裝置的效率，但沒有說裝置會完全停止運作？

1. The device doesn't work if the weather is very cold.
2. The device works just as well if the weather is very cold.
3. The device doesn't work as well if the weather is very cold.

用 called 引出專業名稱：A small device ____ a sensor detects movement.

哪一句正確使用了 can＋被動語態＋表示目的的 to 不定詞？

1. A filter can be placed in the tank for clean the water.
2. A filter can be placed in the tank to clean the water.
3. A filter can place in the tank to clean the water.

哪一句中的 deliver 與 can deliver laser pulses 裡的技術含義相同？

1. The fiber can deliver laser pulses to the treatment area.
2. The courier can deliver the parcel this afternoon.
3. The actor can deliver the final line with great emotion.

現在用代名詞 it 指一大塊巧克力。哪一句正確使用了 break up？

1. The cook can break it up into small pieces.
2. The cook can break it into up small pieces.
3. The cook can break up it into small pieces.

哪一句正確表達「醫師可能透過手術移除受損組織」？

1. The damaged tissue may surgically remove.
2. The damaged tissue may be surgical removing.
3. The damaged tissue may be surgically removed.

請用本課的確切片語完成句子：The surgeon inserted the camera ____ near the knee.

What about just avoiding kidney stones in the first place? 的主要語篇功能是什麼？

1. 它結束話題，而且沒有提出其他方向。
2. 它詢問腎結石在身體裡的確切位置。
3. 它把話題從治療腎結石轉向預防腎結石。

哪一句中的 in the first place 表示在問題發生前就加以預防？

1. The team finished in first place.
2. Better insulation can stop the pipes from freezing in the first place.
3. At first, the pipes seemed fine.

用本課中的兩個詞片語完成句子：Some runners are ____ developing knee pain.

請用本講解中表示「喝大量且足夠的水」的 -ing 片語完成句子：The nurse recommended ____ during the heat wave.

請用能指向前面整個行動的關係詞完成句子：He apologized immediately, ____ calmed everyone down.

請用表示「逐漸累積並形成結果」的目標片語完成句子：Over time, mineral deposits can ____ hard lumps.

請用 be high in 結構和正確的 be 動詞形式完成句子：These crackers ____ sodium.

請使用 advise 和 limit 的 -ing 形式完成句子：Doctors may ____ sugary drinks.

哪個句子正確使用 even though，先引出一個事實，再提出不符合預期的結果？

1. Even though of the medicine's bitter taste, Mia took it.
2. Even though the bitter medicine, Mia took it.
3. Even though the medicine tasted bitter, Mia took it.

哪個句子最清楚地用 actually 引出與前面明確說出的預期相反的結果？

1. Many people expect the task to be difficult, but it can actually be quite simple.
2. The task is actually quite simple.
3. I actually checked the instructions twice.

用 bind to 的正確形式完成句子：This material cleans the water by ____ harmful chemicals.

哪一句正確使用 before 子句，表示過濾器阻止微粒進入引擎？

1. The filter catches the particles before can they enter the engine.
2. The filter catches the particles before they can enter the engine.
3. The filter catches the particles before them can enter the engine.

請使用表示強調的 do 和 end up with 完成句子：If you ____ a flat tire, call for help.

當某人用 You're not alone 安慰對方時，這句話最可能是什麼意思？

1. 其他人也有過類似經驗，所以你不必覺得只有自己如此。
2. 你的問題獨一無二，沒有人能理解。
3. 現在一定有人和你待在同一個房間裡。

哪一句最適合用「先證據、後結論」的謹慎框架報告初步發現？

1. The new schedule definitely eliminates delays, although no data have been collected.
2. The early data suggest that the new schedule may reduce delays.
3. The early data prove that the new schedule will eliminate all delays.

請用 won't、break 的被動式和 anytime soon 完成句子：No runner has come close to this sprint record, so it probably ____.