在電視上用摩斯密碼眨眼拼出「酷刑」的戰俘：英語精讀講義

Imagine, you're a prisoner of war. 講解

想像一下，你是一名戰俘。

Your plane was shot down 片語動詞

你的飛機遭到擊落，

and you've been held for so long 文法

而你已被囚禁了很久，

that the days and the nights

久到白天和黑夜

begin to blur together. 片語搭配

都開始變得模糊不清。

You're kept in a small cell

你被關在一間狹小的牢房裡，

in solitary confinement 用詞

遭到單獨監禁，

and the only times you see the sun 文法

而你唯一能見到陽光的時候，

are when you're taken out

就是被帶出去

to be beaten and tortured

遭到毆打和折磨時，

by your captors.

下手的正是俘虜你的人。

You don't even know

你甚至不知道

if your government knows

你的政府是否知道

that you're still alive.

你還活著。

Now your captors have

如今，俘虜你的人

a mission for you.

交給你一項任務。

They want to make

他們想製作

a propaganda broadcast 用詞

一段宣傳廣播，

telling your country

要你告訴自己的國家，

that you're being treated well

你受到良好待遇，

and condemning the war.

並譴責這場戰爭。

You need to get the message out 片語動詞

你必須把消息傳出去，

about the truth,

告訴外界真相，

but you know that one wrong step 慣用語

但你知道，只要走錯一步，

could mean torture or worse.

就可能遭到酷刑，甚至有更糟的下場。

For naval aviator Jeremiah Denton

對海軍飛行員Jeremiah Denton來說，

during the Vietnam War,

在越戰期間，

this was reality

這就是他的現實，

and he found an incredible way

而他找到一個不可思議的方法

to communicate the truth.

來傳達真相。

Jeremiah Denton was not 片語搭配

Jeremiah Denton可不是

your average prisoner of war.

普通的戰俘。

While many were young privates, 用詞

許多戰俘都是年輕士兵，

often draftees,

而且往往是被徵召入伍的，

he was a seasoned Navy man

他卻是一名久經沙場的海軍軍人，

with over 20 years of experience

背後已有20多年的

behind him.

豐富經驗。

He had enlisted in the Navy

他加入海軍時，

with World War II still raging

第二次世界大戰仍打得如火如荼，

and went on to serve as a test pilot, 文法

後來又擔任過試飛員、

a flight instructor,

飛行教官，

and a commanding officer

以及一支攻擊中隊的

of an attack squadron.

指揮官。

He even revolutionized

他甚至徹底革新了

the Navy's nuclear war tactics

海軍的核戰戰術。

at the height of the Cold War 片語搭配

當時正值冷戰最緊張的時期，

in 1957,

那是1957年，

pioneering the haystack concept

他率先提出「乾草堆」概念，

that made it easier to hide

讓航空母艦更容易

aircraft carriers from enemy planes.

躲過敵機的偵察。

But none of that prepared him 片語搭配

但這些經歷都沒能讓他

for the harrowing ordeal 片語搭配

為那場可怕的磨難做好準備；

that awaited him when he was shot down

當他的飛機在

over North Vietnam.

北越上空遭到擊落時，磨難便開始了。

It was July 18th, 1965

那是1965年7月18日，

and Commander Denton was leading

Denton中校正率領

the US 6th Fleet into battle.

美國第六艦隊投入戰鬥。

They launched from the USS Independence

他們從「獨立號」航空母艦起飛，

in the South China Sea

當時該艦位於南海，

and flew into North Vietnam.

隨後飛入北越。

By his side was his navigator,

與他並肩作戰的是導航員

Lieutenant Bill Tschudy.

Bill Tschudy上尉。

Their bombing raid quickly

他們的轟炸突襲很快

spiraled out of control. 慣用語

就陷入失控。

As anti-aircraft guns fired on them,

防空砲向他們開火，

hit multiple times

飛機多次中彈，

their plane began spiraling down

開始盤旋著往下墜落，

toward the guns below.

朝下方的砲位衝去。

With only seconds to react, 文法

他們只有幾秒鐘可以反應，

they hit the eject buttons on their seats

於是按下座椅上的彈射按鈕，

and parachuted into enemy territory.

跳傘落入敵方領土。

They landed in the village of Thanh Hoa,

他們降落在Thanh Hoa村，

near Hanoi,

那裡靠近河內，

and soon found himself surrounded

很快，Denton便發現自己被

by enemy soldiers.

敵軍包圍。

Outmanned and outgunned, 用詞

對方人多、火力也更強，

they had no choice but to surrender 文法

他們別無選擇，只能投降，

and Jeremiah Denton became one

Jeremiah Denton也因此成為

of the highest ranking prisoners of war

越戰中軍階最高的戰俘

in the Vietnam War.

之一。

Denton and Tschudy were held

Denton和Tschudy被關押在

in the notorious prison camp

一座惡名昭彰的戰俘營，

known as the Zoo, 文化背景

人稱「動物園」，

one of the most feared prisons

那是戰區裡

in the war zone.

最令人恐懼的監獄之一。

From the beginning,

從一開始，

conditions were designed to break them down 片語動詞

裡面的環境就是為了摧毀他們的意志，

and get the prisoners to share information 文法

逼迫戰俘交代

on US military operations.

美軍的軍事行動。

Denton was held in solitary confinement,

Denton遭到單獨監禁，

often in darkness.

經常身處黑暗之中。

Prisoners were regularly shackled

戰俘經常被

with leg irons

戴上腳鐐，

and beaten with bamboo poles

還會遭到竹竿

and rubber whips.

和橡膠鞭的抽打。

Denton would be frequently interrogated

Denton頻頻受到

by his captors,

俘虜者的審訊，

but stayed steadfast. 片語搭配

但他始終堅定不屈。

He'd give them nothing but his name, 文法

除了自己的姓名、

rank, and serial number,

軍階和編號之外，他什麼都不說，

as he'd been taught in military training.

正如軍事訓練中教他的那樣。

Denton's resistance in the face of the abuse 慣用語

面對虐待，Denton堅決抵抗，

gave courage to his fellow captives.

給了其他戰俘勇氣。

And he quickly became a leader

他也很快成為

among the other American POWs.

其他美國戰俘中的領袖。

Increasingly frustrated,

看守們越來越惱火，

the North Vietnamese prison guards

這些北越監獄看守

decided on a show of force 片語搭配

決定來一次武力示威，

to break their captives down.

以擊垮俘虜們的意志。

They would hold a press conference 片語搭配

他們要舉行一場記者會，

where the captured soldiers would be used

利用被俘士兵

as propaganda against their own country

對其祖國進行反向宣傳，

and the stubborn Commander Denton

而頑強不屈的Denton中校

would be the star attraction. 慣用語

將成為全場焦點。

It was May 2nd, 1966

那是1966年5月2日，

when Denton and several of his fellow soldiers

Denton和幾名戰友

were hauled out of their cells 片語動詞

被拖出牢房，

and brought before a visiting Japanese reporter

帶到一名來訪的日本記者面前，

who asked them questions about their treatment.

對方詢問他們受到的待遇。

The North Vietnamese soldiers were on-site,

北越士兵就在現場，

watching their every word. 慣用語

監視著他們說的每一個字。

The reporter prodded Denton to give his opinion 語氣意圖

記者不斷追問Denton，

on his government's actions,

要他評價自己政府的行動，

but Denton defied his captors

但Denton公然反抗俘虜者，

and stated that he stood with United States.

表示自己堅定地站在美國這一邊。

He knew the interview was drawing to a close 片語搭配

他知道訪問就要結束了，

and would likely face more torture

而自己很可能因為這次反抗

for his defiance.

遭受更多折磨。

This might be his last chance 片語搭配

這也許是他最後的機會，

to get a message out to US command,

可以向美軍指揮部傳出消息，

but saying the wrong word

可一旦說錯一個字，

would end the interview and risk his life. 片語搭配

訪問就會終止，他的生命也會陷入危險。

But the North Vietnamese didn't know

但北越方面並不知道，

Denton had a secret weapon. 慣用語

Denton還有一件秘密武器。

He knew Morse code. 文化背景

他懂摩斯密碼。

Thinking fast,

他迅速開動腦筋，

Denton remembered the rudimentary system

想起了那套簡單的編碼系統，

of dots and dashes

也就是用點和劃

used to encode text characters.

來編碼文字符號。

Without missing a beat in the interview, 慣用語

在訪問中，他沒有露出絲毫破綻，

he translated that code into a series of blinks. 片語搭配

而是把密碼化成一連串眨眼。

Quick blinks for dots,

快速眨眼代表點，

long blinks for dashes,

長時間眨眼代表劃，

and sent out a one-word message

他就這樣發出一個單字的訊息，

he hoped someone back home would figure out. 片語動詞

希望國內有人能夠破解。

A long blink, T.

一次長眨眼，代表T。

Three long blinks, O.

三次長眨眼，代表O。

A short blink, a long blink,

一次短眨眼、一次長眨眼，

and a short blink, R.

再加一次短眨眼，代表R。

A long blink, T.

一次長眨眼，代表T。

Two short blinks followed by a long blink, U. 片語搭配

兩次短眨眼後接一次長眨眼，代表U。

A short blink, a long blink,

一次短眨眼、一次長眨眼，

and a short blink, R.

再加一次短眨眼，代表R。

A short blink, E.

一次短眨眼，代表E。

Torture.

酷刑。

This was the first communication

這是戰俘第一次

from the prisoners of war to the world

向全世界傳出訊息，

that they were being tortured.

告訴人們他們正在遭受酷刑。

And Denton was lucky that his captors

Denton很幸運，他的俘虜者

did not figure out what he was doing.

並未看穿他在做什麼。

The message was broadcast across the world

這段訊息傳遍了全世界，

and US Navy personnel quickly figured it out.

美國海軍人員很快就破解了它。

The word was out 慣用語

消息終於傳了出去，

and pressure was mounting around the world 慣用語

全球要求釋放戰俘

for the release or better treatment

或改善其待遇的壓力

of the prisoners of war.

也越來越大。

But the hard times were just beginning

但艱難的日子才剛開始，

for Jeremiah Denton.

Jeremiah Denton還得繼續承受。

His defiance during the interviews

他在訪問中的反抗

was harshly punished,

受到了嚴厲懲罰，

but he remained steadfast

但他仍堅定抵抗

against the abuse by the guards.

看守的虐待。

Extended sessions of solitary confinement

長時間的單獨監禁

became more common

變得更加頻繁，

and he was transferred

他還被不斷轉移，

from one notorious prison to another. 文法

從一座惡名昭彰的監獄送到另一座。

Two months after his interview,

訪問兩個月後，

he and his men were forced to participate

他和手下被迫參加

in the infamous Hanoi March, 文化背景

臭名昭彰的「河內遊街」，

where dozens of POWs were marched

數十名戰俘被押著

through the streets of Hanoi.

走過河內街頭。

They were met with thousands

迎接他們的是成千上萬名

of enraged Vietnamese civilians

憤怒的越南民眾，

who pelted them with bottles and stones 用詞

人們向他們投擲瓶子和石塊，

and beat them with sticks.

還用棍棒毆打他們。

Denton and his men barely escaped 慣用語

Denton和手下勉強

with their lives.

保住了性命。

The Hanoi March was filmed

「河內遊街」被

by European journalists

歐洲記者拍了下來，

and added to the mounting outrage 片語搭配

進一步加劇了外界對

against the North Vietnamese.

北越的強烈憤怒。

Under global pressure,

在全球壓力下，

the torture stopped.

酷刑停止了。

Denton spent years more in prison,

Denton又在獄中度過了多年，

but he and his fellow men

但他和同伴們

didn't have to fear extreme abuse every day. 文法

不必再每天擔心遭受嚴重虐待。

He didn't know his blinked message

他一直不知道自己用眨眼發出的訊息

had gotten out

已經傳到外界，

until February 12th, 1973.

直到1973年2月12日才得知。

After almost eight years in prison,

在被囚禁近八年後，

Denton and Tschudy were released

Denton和Tschudy獲釋，

as part of Operation Homecoming, 文化背景

這是「返鄉行動」的一部分；

the release of POWs

這次釋放戰俘的行動

that ended the Vietnam War.

標誌著越戰結束。

As a reward for his heroic conduct

為了表揚他的英勇表現，

during years in captivity,

那是他在多年囚禁期間展現的，

he was promoted to the rank of rear admiral. 片語搭配

他被晉升為海軍少將。

Jeremiah Denton would go on to wear many hats 講解

獲釋後，Jeremiah Denton又身兼多職，

in his post-captivity career.

展開了豐富多彩的事業。

He would be the commandant

他曾擔任

of the Armed Forces Staff College

武裝部隊參謀學院院長，

and a special assistant to the Chief of Naval Education.

以及海軍教育總監的特別助理。

He would serve a term as senator 片語搭配

他還擔任過一屆

from Alabama and write a memoir,

阿拉巴馬州聯邦參議員，並撰寫回憶錄

When Hell Was in Session,

《When Hell Was in Session》，

that would be turned into a TV movie.

後來這本書被改編成電視電影。

But he would always be remembered best 片語搭配

但人們最銘記的，

as the iron-clad prisoner of war 用詞

永遠是這位有著鋼鐵意志的戰俘：

who with seven letters and 15 blinks 表達脈絡

他只用七個字母和15次眨眼，

exposed the truth about the torture

就向全世界揭露了

of American captives to the world.

美國戰俘遭受酷刑的真相。

For more about the Vietnam War,

想瞭解更多越戰的內容，

check out this video.

請點開這支影片。

And for more about prisoners of war,

想瞭解更多戰俘的故事，

watch that video.

請觀看那支影片。

Thanks for watching

感謝觀看，

and don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

別忘了按讚、分享和訂閱。

See you next time.

下次再見。