麥當勞 vs 漢堡王：有什麼差別？速食店大比拼：英語精讀講義

The 4th of July has just passed,

7月4日剛過去，

a celebration of American independence

這是一個慶祝美國獨立的節日，

and also a day

也是

on which copious amounts of beef patties 文法

大量消耗牛肉餅

are consumed in the United States.

的美國節日。

A lesser-known celebration comes on May 28th,

而5月28日則是一個鮮為人知的慶祝日，

a day known as National Hamburger Day.

這一天被稱為「全國漢堡日」。

While it may seem slightly over the top to some people 慣用語

雖然在一些人看來可能有些誇張，

that Americans would dedicate a day to a sandwich,

美國人竟然為了一個三明治專門設立一天，

the US's love of the hamburger

但美國對漢堡的熱愛

shouldn't be underestimated. 文法

絕對不容小覷。

It's reported that 50 billion burgers

據報導，美國每年要吃掉

are eaten a year in the US,

500億個漢堡，

which means the average American

這意味著平均每個美國人

eats three burgers a week.

每週要吃三個漢堡。

According to one statistic,

根據一項統計數據，

the cities of Seattle, Philadelphia and Boston

西雅圖、費城和波士頓

are the domains of the country's biggest burger devourers,

是全美漢堡消費量最大的城市，

with burgers in the US

在美國，漢堡

accounting for 40% of all sandwiches sold. 片語動詞

佔所有三明治銷量的40%。

As for which fast food restaurant 表達脈絡

至於哪家速食店

wins the battle of the burger, 慣用語

能在漢堡大戰中勝出，

today we'll find out

今天我們將一探究竟，

in this episode of the Infographics Show,

就在本期 Infographics Show：

McDonald's versus Burger King.

麥當勞 vs 漢堡王。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button

別忘了訂閱並點擊小鈴鐺，

so that you can be part of our notification squad.

這樣你就能成為我們通知小分隊的一員。

Let us start by looking at one of capitalism's 片語搭配

讓我們先來看看資本主義歷史上

most controversial success stories, McDonald's.

最具爭議的成功故事之一：麥當勞。

The story begins in San Bernardino,

故事始於聖貝納迪諾，

California, 1940,

加利福尼亞州，1940年，

when the McDonald brothers,

當時麥當勞兄弟，

Richard and Maurice,

理查和莫里斯，

opened their first restaurant.

開了他們的第一家餐廳。

The brothers were quick to realize

兄弟倆很快意識到，

there was a niche in the restaurant business 片語搭配

餐飲業中存在一個市場空白：

for quickly served meals.

快速提供餐食。

To achieve this,

為了實現這一目標，

they created the Speedy Service System,

他們創造了「快速服務系統」，

which helped them make burgers

這幫助他們製作漢堡

at a rapid rate.

以極快的速度。

The fast food industry was born.

速食業由此誕生。

It wasn't until sales-minded Ray Kroc 文法

直到具有銷售頭腦的雷·克羅克

got in on the act in 1955 慣用語

在1955年加入其中，

that McDonald's expanded across the nation

麥當勞才在全國範圍內擴張，

with Kroc eventually buying the brothers out. 片語動詞

最終克羅克買斷了兄弟倆的股份。

He'd sold 1 million burgers by 1958,

到1958年，他賣出了100萬個漢堡，

each costing around 15 cents.

每個售價約15美分。

In just 10 years,

在短短10年內，

Kroc helped expand the McDonald's empire

克羅克幫助麥當勞帝國擴展到了

to 700 branches throughout the US.

遍布全美的700家分店。

Burger King wasn't far behind. 慣用語

漢堡王也緊隨其後。

After seeing the success of burgers

在看到漢堡

served as fast food,

作為速食大獲成功後，

the Florida business pairing of Keith Kramer

佛羅里達的商業搭檔基思·克萊默

and his wife's uncle, Matthew Burns,

以及他妻子的叔叔馬修·伯恩斯，

got the idea to create an Insta broiler. 片語搭配

萌生了發明「快速烤肉機」（Insta broiler）的想法。

The two opened restaurants in the mid-50s

兩人在50年代中期開辦了餐廳，

called Insta Burger Kings,

名叫 Insta Burger Kings，

and the company was later bought

這家公司後來被

by franchisees James McLamore

加盟商詹姆斯·麥克拉莫

and David R. Edgerton.

和大衛·R·埃哲頓收購。

The name was changed to Burger King,

名字隨後改成了漢堡王，

and there were 250 Burger Kings

到1967年被出售給

in the US by the time it was sold

皮爾斯伯里公司（Pillsbury Company）時，

to the Pillsbury Company in 1967.

全美已有250家漢堡王餐廳。

Head to head, 慣用語

正面交鋒來看，

there is no doubt that in terms of quantity, 表達脈絡

毫無疑問，在數量上，

McDonald's outguns Burger King in every way. 慣用語

麥當勞在各個方面都碾壓漢堡王。

We'll come to quality later.

品質問題我們稍後再談。

As of January 2017,

截至2017年1月，

there were 36,899 McDonald's restaurants

共有36899家麥當勞餐廳，

in over 100 countries

遍布100多個國家，

serving around 69 million customers daily

每天為約6900萬名顧客提供服務，

and employing over 375,000 people.

並雇傭了超過37.5萬名員工。

In the US alone,

僅在美國，

there are over 14,000 McDonald's restaurants,

就有超過1.4萬家麥當勞餐廳，

making it the second biggest chain in the US.

使其成為美國第二大連鎖餐廳。

Its revenue for 2016

其2016年的收入

was over 24 billion dollars,

超過了240億美元，

ahead of restaurant chain giants Starbucks and Subway.

領先於餐飲連鎖巨頭星巴克和Subway。

Burger King was in fourth place.

漢堡王則排在第四位。

Subway, by the way, 表達脈絡

順便說一下，Subway

has the biggest global reach

擁有最廣的全球覆蓋率

of all fast food giants

在所有速食巨頭中，

with a total of 44,717

共擁有44717家

restaurants worldwide.

遍布全球的門市。

McDonald's is in second place

麥當勞位居第二，

with Starbucks third

星巴克排名第三，

at 25,085 global outlets

在全球擁有25085家門市，

and KFC fourth at 20,604 outlets.

肯德基以20604家門市位居第四。

By comparison, 表達脈絡

相比之下，

Burger King has around 15,000 locations worldwide,

漢堡王在全球大約有1.5萬個門市，

located in 98 countries.

分布在98個國家。

It serves 11 million people per day globally

它每天為全球1100萬人提供服務，

and employs 34,248 people.

並雇傭了34248名員工。

Burger King's revenue for 2016 was just over 4 billion dollars.

漢堡王2016年的收入僅略高於40億美元。

If we look at output,

如果我們看看產出，

McDonald's is the busier of the two restaurants. 文法

麥當勞是這兩家餐廳中更繁忙的一家。

In total,

總的來說，

McDonald's has sold over 300 billion burgers

麥當勞已經賣出了超過3000億個漢堡，

with Americans consuming over a billion pounds of beef

美國人每年在該餐廳消耗

in a year at the restaurant.

超過10億磅的牛肉。

This is equal to about 5 and 1/2 million heads of cattle.

這相當於大約550萬頭牛。

While McDonald's doesn't release its sales figures for each product,

雖然麥當勞沒有公布每種產品的銷售數據，

most pundits believe its Big Mac to be its most popular burger.

但大多數專家認為大麥克是其最受歡迎的漢堡。

It's been said about 550 million

據說每年大約有5.5億個

of these double decker sandwiches

這種雙層漢堡

are sold every year.

被售出。

Fries are also on demand 文法

薯條的需求量也很大，

with an estimated 9 million pounds of McDonald's fries

據估計每天有900萬磅麥當勞薯條

sold every day.

被售出。

Feeding millions of people daily means maintaining huge stocks

每天要餵飽數百萬人意味著要維持巨大的庫存，

and relying on vast amounts of imports.

並依賴大量的進口。

McDonald's is currently the biggest buyer of beef,

麥當勞目前是最大的牛肉買家，

pork, potatoes, lettuce, and tomatoes in the world

同時也是全球最大的豬肉、馬鈴薯、生菜和番茄買家，

and the second biggest purchaser of chicken after KFC.

並且是僅次於肯德基的第二大雞肉採購商。

It also sells over 1 billion cups of coffee each year

它每年還售出超過10億杯咖啡，

with half that amount being sold in the US alone. 文法

其中一半僅在美國本土售出。

Again,

同樣，

there are no numbers released by the restaurant,

漢堡王也沒有公布具體數字，

but it's thought Burger King's best-selling item

但人們認為漢堡王多年來最暢銷的產品

over the years has been its iconic Whopper.

一直都是其標誌性的華堡。

This could be changing with reports surfacing in 2016

不過這一情況可能正在改變，隨著2016年的報導浮出水面，

that the BK hot dog has become its best-selling item

報導稱漢堡王的熱狗自推出以來，

since its introduction.

就成了其最暢銷的產品。

In its bid to catch up to McDonald's, 片語動詞

為了趕超麥當勞，

Burger King has introduced a slew of new items over the years, 片語搭配

漢堡王多年來推出了大量新產品，

although not all items have gone down too well with customers. 片語動詞

儘管並非所有產品都受到了顧客的好評。

One of the latest moves to sway customers

為了吸引顧客，最近採取的舉措之一

happened in New York City

發生在紐約市，

when one franchise applied for a liquor license.

當時一家加盟店申請了賣酒牌照。

Burger King is reportedly looking to expand the booze

據報導，漢堡王正尋求在更多地點推廣

with a burger option in more locations.

「漢堡配酒」的選擇。

Still,

儘管如此，

Burger King's individual restaurants are said to earn only half 文法

據說漢堡王的單店收入只有

as much as a McDonald's outlet.

麥當勞單店的一半。

The average McDonald's restaurant in the US in 2014

2014年，美國平均每家麥當勞餐廳

grossed around 2.6 million dollars in revenue

總收入約為260萬美元，

compared to 1.2 million dollars in sales

相比之下，一家漢堡王餐廳的平均銷售額

on average for a Burger King restaurant.

為120萬美元。

Pundits put this down to more marketing dollars 片語動詞

專家將此歸功於更多的行銷資金

and faster service times,

和更快的服務時間，

as well as McDonald's having more choice

以及麥當勞為兒童和早餐需求者

for kids and breakfast seekers.

提供了更多的選擇。

McDonald's gets it right in terms of quantity,

麥當勞在數量上穩操勝券，

but what about quality?

但品質方面呢？

Opinions differ regarding who has the best burger.

關於誰的漢堡最好，人們意見不一。

In 2016,

2016年，

Business Insider pitted McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's 片語動詞

《商業內幕》將麥當勞、漢堡王和溫蒂漢堡的

signature burgers up against each other

招牌漢堡拿來進行對比，

with the result favoring the Big Mac over the Whopper 片語搭配

結果顯示大麥克優於華堡，

and Wendy's Dave's Single Burger.

也優於溫蒂的 Dave's 單層漢堡。

The same year,

同年，

a BuzzFeed article stated that Burger King had much tastier burgers,

BuzzFeed 的一篇文章稱漢堡王的漢堡美味得多，

calling McDonald's sandwiches tasteless.

並直言麥當勞的漢堡索然無味。

It's horses for courses, 慣用語

正如俗話所說，

as the saying goes,

這是「因馬制宜」（青菜蘿蔔各有所好），

although we probably shouldn't speak about horses when talking about burgers.

儘管在談論漢堡時我們或許不該提到「馬」。

It seems in general,

總體看來，

Americans prefer burgers from other chains

美國人更喜歡其他連鎖店的漢堡，

in spite of what sales figures show us. 文法

儘管銷售數據向我們展示了另一番景象。

A 2017 Harris poll put Virginia-based burger company Five Guys Burgers and Fries

2017年的哈里斯民意調查將總部位於維吉尼亞州的 Five Guys

in the top spot for America's best burger,

列為美國最佳漢堡榜首，

with the next four places going to In-N-Out Burger,

接下來四個位置依次是 In-N-Out Burger、

Shake Shack, Wendy's, and Culver's.

Shake Shack、溫蒂漢堡和 Culver's。

Burger King didn' even get into the top 10 list,

漢堡王甚至沒能擠進前10名，

while McDonald's came in seventh place. 片語搭配

而麥當勞排在第7位。

Given all the negative press surrounding the fast food industry 文法

鑑於圍繞速食業的所有負面新聞

and its impact on health and the environment,

及其對健康和環境的影響，

one way to get ahead of your competitor 片語動詞

想要超越競爭對手，其中一個方法

would surely be to turn into a more reputable kind of restaurant.

絕對是轉型成為一家信譽更好的餐廳。

When we compare the Big Mac with the Whopper,

當我們拿大麥克和華堡作比較時，

the latter could be said to be the less healthy choice. 講解

後者可以說是更不健康的選擇。

The Big Mac has 530 calories

大麥克含有530大卡

and 27 grams of fat

和27克脂肪，

compared to 630 calories

相比之下華堡含有630大卡

and 38 grams of fat in the Whopper.

和38克脂肪。

One academic actually wrote a paper on the health differences of the two restaurants,

有位學者專門寫了一篇關於這兩家餐廳健康差異的論文，

taking into account all similar sandwich items. 片語搭配

將所有類似的三明治產品都考慮在內。

His conclusion was that there was no significant difference

他的結論是，兩者並沒有顯著的區別，

in the amount of calories in McDonald's

麥當勞漢堡的卡路里含量

than in Burger King sandwiches,

和漢堡王的差不多，

and so consumers shouldn't bother to stress over

所以消費者沒必要糾結

which restaurant is healthier.

哪家餐廳更健康。

If, however, you just don't give a damn, 慣用語

然而，如果你根本不在乎這些，

you might order the 770 calorie

你可能會點上一份770大卡的

McDonald's Double Quarter Pounder

麥當勞雙層四盎司牛肉堡

with Cheese or the Triple Whopper

或者三層華堡，

that contains a staggering 1,020 calories. 用詞

它含有驚人的1020大卡。

Both these burgers can't compare with Hardee's 2/3 pound

這兩款漢堡都無法與哈迪斯（Hardee's）2/3磅重的

Monster Thick Burger,

怪物厚漢堡相提並論，

which contains 1,290 calories

它含有1290大卡，

or about half the calories a man needs

大約是一個成年男性為了保持健康飲食

each day to maintain a healthy diet.

每天所需熱量的一半。

Add to that a 750 plus calorie large shake 表達脈絡

再加上一杯超過750大卡的大杯奶昔

and a 500 calorie bag of fries,

和一包500大卡的薯條，

and it's easy to see why the burger-loving Americans 文法

很容易就能看出為什麼熱愛漢堡的美國人

are living through an obesity pandemic.

正在經歷一場肥胖大流行。

Regarding environmental issues,

關於環境問題，

where should you eat if you are looking for a more ethical burger?

如果你想吃一個更講求道德環保的漢堡，你應該去哪裡？

The United Nations Environmental Program has called beef a climate-harmful meat,

聯合國環境規劃署曾稱牛肉是一種危害氣候的肉類，

a product which basically is the foundation of these two restaurants.

而這正是這兩家餐廳生存的基石。

In terms of sustainability,

在永續發展方面，

a 2016 report from the Harvard Business School said

2016年哈佛商學院的一份報告稱，

McDonald's had made great strides in making itself 片語搭配

麥當勞在使自己成為

a more sustainable enterprise,

一個更具永續性的企業方面取得了巨大進步，

while the report also said Burger King

而報告也指出漢堡王

had failed egregiously to do just that. 表達脈絡

在這方面做得極度失敗。

McDonald's has also made more headway than Burger King 片語搭配

麥當勞也比漢堡王取得了更多進展，

in lessening antibiotics use for its meat products,

在其肉類產品中減少了抗生素的使用，

according to reports.

據報導。

As for who was the better employer,

至於誰是更好的雇主，

well, it's thought on average

嗯，人們普遍認為，平均而言，

McDonald's pays a fraction more to its employees 文法

麥當勞支付給員工的工資稍微多一點，

than Burger King,

相比於漢堡王，

but it's a negligible amount.

但差距微乎其微。

In response to American workers demanding

針對美國工人要求

a $15 an hour minimum wage,

15美元最低時薪的訴求，

former McDonald's CEO Ed Rensi

前麥當勞CEO艾德·倫西

was less than sympathetic, 文法

幾乎沒有任何同情心，

saying that the solution to such protests

稱解決此類抗議的方法

was to replace workers with robots.

就是用機器人代替工人。

Burger King co-founder David Edgerton told Time Magazine

漢堡王聯合創始人戴維·埃哲頓告訴《時代》雜誌，

it wouldn't happen,

這不會發生，

or if it did, 文法

如果真的發生的話，

it would be the end of the small cheap hamburger.

那將是廉價小漢堡的終結。

We're talking about a lot of workers, too.

我們這裡談論的員工數量也非常龐大。

According to McDonald's own statistics,

根據麥當勞自己的統計，

one in every eight workers in the US 文法

在美國每八個工人中就有一個

has worked in one of its restaurants

曾在其某家餐廳

at some point in time.

工作過一段時間。

On a lighter note, 表達脈絡

輕鬆一點來說，

Burger King once asked McDonald's to come together

漢堡王曾提議麥當勞攜手

for World Peace Day and create the McWhopper.

在世界和平日共同打造「麥華堡」（McWhopper）。

McDonald's CEO Steve Easterbrook

麥當勞CEO史蒂夫·伊斯特布魯克

rebuffed the peace offer,

回絕了這一和平提議，

stating "We love the intention,

表示：「我們很喜歡這個初衷，

but think our brands could do something bigger

但認為我們的品牌可以做些更大的事情

to make a difference." 片語搭配

來改變世界。」

In conclusion, 表達脈絡

總而言之，

it seems Burger King will remain playing catch-up, 慣用語

漢堡王似乎還將繼續扮演追趕者的角色，

given that other than Santa Claus, 文法

畢竟除了聖誕老人之外，

Ronald McDonald is the most recognizable

麥當勞叔叔是最具辨識度的

fictional icon to US children.

美國兒童心目中的虛構人物。

So,

那麼，

which fast food establishment do you prefer?

你更喜歡哪家速食店呢？

Let us know in the comments.

請在評論區告訴我們。

And if you liked this video,

如果你喜歡這個影片，

be sure to check out our other video,

一定要去看看我們的另一個影片，

"What A Dollar Gets You Around the World."

《一美元在世界各地能買到什麼》。

Thanks for watching,

感謝觀看，

and as always,

像往常一樣，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

別忘了點讚、分享和訂閱。

See you next time.

我們下次再見。