墨西哥能擊退美國嗎？：英語精讀講義

Mexico and the USA enjoy good relations for the most part right now, 片語搭配

目前墨西哥和美國在很大程度上保持著良好的關係，

but that wasn't the case in the 19th century 片語搭配

但在19世紀情況並非如此，

when the two countries were fighting over territory. 片語搭配

當時兩國曾為爭奪領土而戰。

The two nations presently enjoy good trading relations

目前兩國享有良好的貿易關係，

with Mexico being the fourth largest trading partner of the US 文法

墨西哥是美國的第四大貿易夥伴，

behind the European Union, China, and Canada.

僅次於歐盟、中國和加拿大。

Both cultures to some extent have crossed borders 片語搭配

兩種文化在某種程度上都跨越了國界，

and permeated each country,

並滲透到了對方國家，

but we see more Mexicans moving across the border

但我們看到更多的是墨西哥人越過邊境，

to settle in the US rather than the other way around. 片語搭配

去美國定居，而不是反過來。

Today, this is a divisive issue 片語搭配

如今，這是一個引起分歧的問題，

culminating in the new president's promise 文法

並在新任總統的承諾中達到頂點，

to construct a wall to keep out illegal immigrants. 片語動詞

即建造一道牆以將非法移民擋在門外。

Nevertheless, in many ways 表達脈絡

儘管如此，在許多方面，

the countries still have a healthy relationship.

兩國仍然保持著健康的關係。

Today, we'll discuss what would happen 文法

今天，我們將討論會發生什麼，

if that was not the case.

如果情況並非如此。

In this episode of the Infographics Show,

在本集Infographics Show中，

USA versus Mexico.

美國對陣墨西哥。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button

不要忘記訂閱並點擊小鈴鐺按鈕，

so that you can be part of our notification squad.

這樣你就可以成為我們通知小隊的一員。

An invasion, it would seem, wouldn't be too hard 語氣意圖

似乎入侵並不會太難，

as the countries share a border,

因為兩國接壤，

which between Tijuana and San Diego

而蒂華納和聖地牙哥之間的這段邊境，

is the most crossed border in the world.

是世界上穿越人數最多的邊境。

It measures approximately 1,989 miles.

它長約1989英里。

On the American side sits a little more than 325 million people. 文法

美國一側有略多於3.25億人口。

On the Mexican side sits close to 130 million people.

墨西哥一側有近1.30億人口。

The USA is a much larger country,

美國是一個大得多的國家，

measuring 3.8 million square miles,

面積為380萬平方英里，

while Mexico is close to 762,000 square miles.

而墨西哥則接近76.2萬平方英里。

They are the third and 13th largest countries

它們分別是第三大和第十三大國家，

in the world, respectively. 用詞

在世界上。

Interestingly, if these two nations should go head-to-head, 慣用語

有趣的是，如果這兩個國家正面對抗，

it's worth noting that the Pew Research Center said in 2016, 片語搭配

值得注意的是，皮尤研究中心在2016年表示，

there were 5.6 million Mexican unauthorized immigrants

有560萬無證墨西哥移民，

living in the US.

生活在美國。

Pew also said that in 2016,

皮尤還表示，2016年，

almost 36 million Mexican-Americans

近3600萬墨西哥裔美國人

were legally living in the USA,

合法居住在美國，

accounting for a good portion of the nation's population. 文法

佔該國人口的很大一部分。

According to an article in The Guardian published in 2017,

根據2017年發表在《衛報》上的一篇文章，

approximately 2 million Americans have made Mexico their home, 片語搭配

大約有200萬美國人將墨西哥作為他們的家，

while USA Today states that thousands more Americans

而《今日美國》指出，還有數以千計的美國人

are living in Mexico on tourist visas

持有旅遊簽證在墨西哥生活，

and 1-year temporary visas.

以及1年期臨時簽證。

The Guardian writes,

《衛報》寫道，

Mexico is the country with the largest community

墨西哥是擁有最大美國公民社區的國家，

of US citizens living outside of the United States.

在居住在海外的美國公民中。

In terms of our comparison,

就我們的比較而言，

it is important to take into account these numbers. 片語搭配

將這些數字考慮在內很重要。

More so, the amount of possible Mexico sympathizers

更重要的是，潛在的同情墨西哥的人數，

in the US that could cause internal mayhem

在美國境內可能引起內部混亂，

than the Americans in Mexico,

相比於在墨西哥的美國人，

many of whom are retirees.

很多是退休人員。

157,227 Mexican immigrants came into the USA in 2015,

2015年有157,227名墨西哥移民進入美國，

and over 1 million more are still on a waiting list.

還有超過100萬人仍在等待名單上。

So, in terms of where loyalty lies, 慣用語

因此，關於忠誠度在哪裡，

we'll let you decide.

我們將讓您來決定。

The USA is the world's biggest spender

美國是世界上支出最大的國家，

on defense by a long shot. 慣用語

在國防方面遙遙領先。

Of its $19.4 trillion GDP,

在其19.4兆美元的GDP中，

around 3.3% of that cash is spent on the military.

大約3.3%的資金用於軍事。

That number for 2016 was roughly $611 billion.

2016年的這個數字大約是6110億美元。

US President Donald Trump has allocated around $587 billion

美國總統唐納·川普撥出了約5870億美元，

from the US discretionary budget for 2017 for defense.

從2017年美國可自由支配預算中用於國防。

Most of this goes towards the running of the military,

這其中的大部分用於維持軍隊的運作，

but the US is also a big spender

但美國也是一個支出大國，

when it comes to research and development 片語搭配

在研發方面，

and the creation of new military technology.

以及新型軍事技術的創造上。

In terms of troops,

就軍隊人數而言，

the US has 1.3 million active military personnel

美國有130萬現役軍人，

and a further 811,000 acting as reserve personnel.

另有811,000人作為預備役人員。

Mexico's GDP is barely over $1 trillion.

墨西哥的GDP剛過1兆美元。

Of that in 2016,

在2016年的這部分資金中，

around $7 billion was spent on the country's defense budget

約有70億美元用於該國的國防預算，

according to Global Firepower.

根據全球火力（Global Firepower）的數據。

We can find other sources that claim this number is lower.

我們能找到其他消息來源聲稱這個數字更低。

Still, Mexico is not considered to be a country

儘管如此，墨西哥並不被認為是一個，

that spends heavily on defense

在國防上投入巨資的國家，

when compared to other smaller and larger nations. 文法

與其他更小或更大的國家相比。

Mexico has 273,575 active military personnel

墨西哥有273,575名現役軍人，

and a further 110,000 acting as reserve personnel.

另有110,000人作為預備役人員。

With all that money to spend,

有了這麼多錢可以花，

the USA has quite a cache of land artillery.

美國擁有相當龐大的陸戰火炮儲備。

According to Global Firepower,

根據全球火力（Global Firepower），

the country has 5,884 tanks,

該國擁有5,884輛戰車，

41,000 armored fighting vehicles,

41,000輛裝甲戰車，

1,934 self-propelled guns,

1,934門自走砲，

1,299 towed artillery,

1,299門牽引火砲，

and 1,331 multiple launch rocket systems.

以及1,331個多管火箭發射系統。

Only two countries own more tanks than the USA,

只有兩個國家擁有比美國更多的戰車，

and they are China and Russia.

那就是中國和俄羅斯。

Some of the US's land equipment is the best in the world,

美國的一些陸地裝備是世界上最好的，

and that includes the extolled M1 Abrams tank,

這包括備受推崇的M1艾布蘭（M1 Abrams）戰車，

as well as the M109A6 Paladin self-propelled gun,

以及M109A6帕拉丁（Paladin）自走砲，

and the TOW anti-tank missile.

和TOW反戰車飛彈。

Mexico, on the other hand, 表達脈絡

另一方面，墨西哥，

is not quite so tooled up. 片語動詞

裝備就沒那麼齊全了。

The country has to its name zero tanks, 慣用語

該國名下擁有零輛戰車，

695 armored fighting vehicles,

695輛裝甲戰車，

12 self-propelled guns,

12門自走砲，

375 towed artillery,

375門牽引火砲，

and zero multiple launch rocket systems.

以及零個多管火箭發射系統。

This does not bode well for a land invasion alone, 片語搭配

這單對陸地入侵而言可不是個好兆頭，

never mind what might be coming from the air or by the sea. 表達脈絡

更不用說可能來自空中或海上的攻擊了。

America, in terms of equipment anyway,

無論如何，就裝備而言，美國，

is no doubt king of the skies military-wise. 慣用語

在軍事上毫無疑問是天空之王。

Its growing fleet of F-35A Lightning IIs

其不斷增加的F-35A閃電II（Lightning IIs）戰機機隊，

might be costing the taxpayer more than $11 billion this year alone, 用詞

單是今年一年可能就耗費納稅人超過110億美元，

much more than the entire Mexican defense budget,

遠遠超過整個墨西哥的國防預算，

but it has much more waiting in reserve.

但它還有更多的儲備待用。

We should note that the F-35s have been criticized

我們應該注意到F-35受到了批評，

and belittled as a waste of money by some critics,

並被一些批評人士貶低為浪費金錢，

while it's well known they have faced many technical problems.

同時眾所周知，它們面臨著許多技術問題。

Nonetheless, the USA also owns among its 13,444 aircraft

儘管如此，在其13,444架飛機中，美國還擁有，

large fleets of highly touted F-22 Raptors,

大規模機隊、備受矚目的F-22猛禽（Raptors），

F-16 Fighting Falcons,

F-16戰隼（Fighting Falcons），

F-15E Strike Eagles,

F-15E打擊鷹（Strike Eagles），

McDonnell Douglas F-18 Hornets,

麥道F-18大黃蜂（Hornets），

and FA-18E Super Hornets.

和FA-18E超級大黃蜂（Super Hornets）。

Mexico, on the other hand, owns 452 aircraft,

另一方面，墨西哥擁有452架飛機，

but none of them are fighter aircraft.

但沒有一架是戰鬥機。

It retired its small number of Northrop F-5E

它最近退役了少量諾斯洛普F-5E，

and two F-5F Tiger IIs recently

以及兩架F-5F虎II（Tiger IIs），

and doesn't seem interested in buying any more fighters.

並且似乎不打算購買更多戰鬥機。

The country now relies on its PC-97 文法

該國現在依賴其PC-97，

and T-6C Plus light attack trainers

和T-6C Plus輕型攻擊教練機，

to protect its skies,

來保護其天空，

which are no match for the US's aerial firepower. 片語搭配

這些根本無法與美國的空中火力相提並論。

It doesn't get any better in the water for Mexico, 慣用語

墨西哥在水上的情況也沒有好轉，

a country not known for its naval prowess.

這個國家並不以其海軍實力而聞名。

Not surprisingly, Mexico doesn't have an aircraft carrier,

毫不奇怪，墨西哥沒有航空母艦，

nor does the country have its own destroyers. 文法

該國也沒有自己的驅逐艦。

It has just six frigates,

它只有6艘巡防艦（frigates），

three corvettes,

3艘護衛艦（corvettes），

131 patrol craft,

131艘巡邏艇，

and 11 mine warfare vessels.

和11艘水雷戰艦。

Its navy is more concentrated on Mexico's huge drug problem

其海軍更多地集中在解決墨西哥巨大的毒品問題上，

and offering relief in times of natural disasters. 片語搭配

並在自然災害時期提供救濟。

Its small navy is reasonably well equipped for those tasks. 片語搭配

其規模較小的海軍在應對這些任務上裝備還算精良。

The US Navy is one of the largest and strongest in the world.

美國海軍是世界上最大、最強的海軍之一。

It has a total of 11 aircraft carriers,

它共有11艘航空母艦，

22 cruisers,

22艘巡洋艦，

67 destroyers,

67艘驅逐艦，

eight frigates,

8艘巡防艦，

75 submarines,

75艘潛艦，

zero corvettes,

零艘護衛艦，

nine amphibious assault ships,

9艘兩棲突擊艦，

11 mine warfare ships,

11艘水雷戰艦，

and 55 patrol ships.

和55艘巡邏艦。

It also owns a behemoth

它還擁有一個巨無霸，

in the Gerald R. Ford Class super carrier.

那就是傑拉德·R·福特級超級航艦。

Alone, this thing can be a deadly force.

單憑這艘航艦就能成為一種致命力量。

Obviously, the US military outpowers the Mexican military

顯然，美國軍隊的實力遠超墨西哥軍隊，

at perhaps a difference we have not yet seen

這種差距也許是我們在，

in our military comparisons.

軍事對比中尚未見過的。

And we haven't even mentioned nuclear. 表達脈絡

而且我們甚至還沒提到核武。

However, as we have seen throughout history,

然而，正如綜觀歷史所見，

power alone doesn't always spell victory. 表達脈絡

單靠力量並不總是意味著勝利。

What would happen internally in the US

美國國內會發生什麼，

if these two countries fell out 片語動詞

如果這兩個國家鬧翻，

is not something we would like to see,

並不是我們想看到的，

but all those Mexicans in the USA

但所有在美國的那些墨西哥人，

would make matters difficult for America. 片語搭配

會讓美國陷入困境。

So, what do you think of this hypothetical match-up?

那麼，你對這種假設性的對決有何看法？

Let us know in the comments.

請在留言區告訴我們。

Also, be sure to check out our other video

另外，一定要去看看我們的其他影片，

called Average American versus Average Mexican.

叫作《普通美國人對比普通墨西哥人》。

Thanks for watching,

感謝收看，

and as always,

和往常一樣，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

別忘了按讚、分享和訂閱。

Adios, amigos.

再見，朋友們。