五大湖到底有多了不起？ - 雪莉·多布斯與珍妮佛·加布里斯：英語精讀講義

哪一個開場先製造懸念，再用 About 片段揭示主題，同時重複一個關鍵詞？

1. About smart homes. What's so smart?
2. Smart homes use connected devices.
3. What's so smart? About smart homes.

用本課的固定表達完成句子：The neighborhood is ____ the arts district.

America's inland seas 在這句話中是什麼意思？

1. 這些湖是藏在大陸下方的海。
2. 這些湖是只屬於美國的鹹水海洋。
3. 這些湖大得像海，因此被比作位於大陸內部的海。

哪一句正確使用 border 表達「與……接壤」？

1. The province borders three countries.
2. The province shares a border three countries.
3. The province borders with three countries.

用 so ... that 完成句子，表達由程度引出的結果：The wind was ____ strong ____ it knocked down a tree.

使用 enough to 和動詞 cover 完成句子：We have ten liters of paint. That's ____ the entire wall.

the contiguous United States 指哪個區域？

1. 只有位於大西洋沿岸的州。
2. 全部50州，包括阿拉斯加和夏威夷。
3. 彼此相連的48州，不包括阿拉斯加和夏威夷。

使用 three、meter 和 deep，並依正確的文法形式與順序完成句子：The pool is ____.

請用 bodies of water 的單數形式完成句子：Lake Superior is a vast ____.

請用 span 的正確形式完成句子：The national park ____ desert, mountain, and river habitats.

哪一句自然使用 -ing 子句補充主要子句所產生的結果？

1. The new trees shade the playground, making it cooler on hot days.
2. The new trees shade the playground, to making it cooler on hot days.
3. The new trees shade the playground, made it cooler on hot days.

用表示「是這些動物生活的地方」的固定搭配完成句子：The wetland is home ____ many kinds of frogs.

一段文字剛介紹完一座古老峽谷的規模與獨特形狀。接下來哪一句最適合把說明轉向它的起源？

1. But how wide is the canyon at its deepest point?
2. But the canyon is also popular with hikers.
3. But how did this vast and unusual canyon come to be?

用表示「這項傳統如何形成」的說法完成問題：How did this tradition ____?

the last ice age 在這句話中是什麼意思？

1. 科學家確定永遠不會再次出現的寒冷時期。
2. 最近一次冰期，當時巨大冰蓋覆蓋了廣大陸地。
3. 一個只持續一年的異常寒冷冬季。

哪一句最恰當地使用 The story begins 來引入一家真實公司的發展時間線？

1. The workshop is smaller than the warehouse.
2. The company has three offices and a large warehouse.
3. The story begins in 2005, when two friends opened a tiny workshop.

哪一個接續方式自然地把 A time when ... 當作敘事片段，補充前面提到的十年？

1. The decade after the storm brought major changes. A time when neighbors worked together to rebuild.
2. The decade after the storm brought major changes. A time because neighbors worked together to rebuild.
3. The decade after the storm brought major changes. A time when did neighbors work together to rebuild.

用 cloak 的正確形式完成英文句子：By dawn, thick fog had ____ the entire harbor.

請用 begin 的過去式 + 正確的所有格詞 + slow retreat 完成句子：After several warm decades, the glacier ____.

請用表示「透過侵蝕形成」的標示用語完成句子：Over thousands of years, the river ____ a deep canyon.

請用表示「幾個相互關聯的步驟」的確切片語完成句子：The guide led us through ____ safety checks.

哪一句最直接描述一個空池塘逐漸積有雨水，而且沒有指出外部施動者？

1. The empty pond slowly filled with rainwater.
2. Rainwater stayed beside the empty pond.
3. The empty pond already contained rainwater.

哪一句使用 as 表示兩個變化同步發展？

1. The room grew darker as the sun went down.
2. The room grew darker when I closed the curtains.
3. The room grew darker because the lamp was broken.

用 create 的 -ing 形式補上表示結果的短語：Heavy rain filled the low fields, ____ a temporary lake.

哪一句用 Over time 表示一段較長時間內的漸進變化？

1. Over time, the small path became a busy road.
2. Over time, the glass shattered the instant it hit the floor.
3. Over time, the race starts at exactly noon today.

哪一句自然地描述兩個群體之間持續進行的交換？

1. The courier completed an ongoing exchange by delivering one package once.
2. The museum is ongoing an exchange of paintings.
3. The two research centers are involved in an ongoing exchange of data.

請用本課中表示「延續至今」的表達完成句子：The ceremony began 300 years ago and ____.

哪個後續陳述使用 In fact, today, 補充了一項更有力的目前事實？

1. The wetland has become healthier over the last decade. Today, however, it remains badly damaged.
2. The wetland has become healthier over the last decade. In fact, in 1920, it was completely dry.
3. The wetland has become healthier over the last decade. In fact, today, it provides a home for more than 200 bird species.

用本課表示「彼此連結」的目標形容詞補完整句子：The towns share an ____ rail system.

測得的占比是 19.8%，而且你想明確表示它仍低於 20%。哪一句最精確？

1. The reservoir holds more than 20% of the region's water.
2. The reservoir holds about 20% of the region's water.
3. The reservoir holds almost 20% of the region's water.

用 tall、old 和 strong 加上 -est 所形成的最高級完成句子：Of the four trees, this one is the ____, ____, and ____.

哪一句自然地用 journey begins 引出一個流程的起點？

1. The collection center opens at eight every morning.
2. The recycled bottle's journey begins at a collection center.
3. Our train journey begins at the city station.

用 contain 的主動 -ing 形式完成句子：The reservoir is the region's largest, ____ half the town's water.

哪一句自然地使用這個片語描述向下延伸的地理特徵？

1. The ocean trench sinks at depths nearly eight thousand meters.
2. The ocean trench sinks to depths of nearly eight thousand meters.
3. The ocean trench rises to depths of nearly eight thousand meters.

請用本課中表示「既獨特又多樣」的三個字完成句子：The island supports a ____ ecosystem with rare plants and many animal species.

請用表示「數量大於 80」的兩個字完成句子：The reef is home to ____ 80 fish species.

哪一句中的 a given + 單數名詞表示「作為代表性案例的一個個體」？

1. The particle was given to the laboratory yesterday.
2. A given particle may remain in the chamber for several hours.
3. Given enough time, the particle will decay.

填入表示「總數除以案例數量所得結果」的兩個英文單字：A commuter spends ____ 45 minutes on the train each day.

哪一句使用 before + -ing 時，其隱含主語清楚且正確？

1. Before flowing into the tank, the engineers tested the water pipe.
2. The water passes through a filter before flow into the tank.
3. The water passes through a filter before flowing into the tank.

哪一句正確使用了句首過去分詞片語？

1. Linked by a covered walkway, visitors photographed the two buildings.
2. Linking by a covered walkway, the two buildings function as one complex.
3. Linked by a covered walkway, the two buildings function as one complex.

本句中的 technically one 是什麼意思？

1. 它最後會變成一座湖。
2. 依嚴格或科學定義，它算作一個。
3. 從任何角度看，它都和一座單獨的湖完全相同。

請使用地點前置倒裝改寫「An old lighthouse stands to the east.」：____ ____ an old lighthouse.

by surface area 在這句話中具體說明了什麼？

1. 它表示排名是以湖泊的深度為依據。
2. 它表示排名是以湖泊的蓄水量為依據。
3. 它表示排名是以湖泊的表面積為依據。

句子中的 cul-de-sac shape 是什麼意思？

1. 湖底有一條真實的住宅死巷。
2. 湖泊的形狀只有一個主要入口，末端是封閉的。
3. 湖面呈現完全規則的圓形。

本句中的 freshwater dunes 是什麼意思？

1. 只在海邊出現的沙丘。
2. 淡水水體旁的沙丘，例如大型湖泊岸邊的沙丘。
3. 由結凍的淡水構成的沙丘。

用 fossilized 完成句子：The museum displays ____ leaves from an ancient forest.

請用 sparsely 和 heavily 完成句子，表達居民少但維安力度大：The desert border area is ____ populated but ____ guarded.

哪一句使用了「有 7000 年歷史的石化樹木」的正式書面形式？

1. The museum displays 7,000 year-old petrified trees.
2. The museum displays 7,000-year-old petrified trees.
3. The museum displays 7,000-years-old petrified trees.

用本課的兩個介系詞補全路線句：Rainwater flows ____ the roof ____ the storage tank.

哪一句使用 status as 引出一個被認可的身分？

1. The team posted its status after the game.
2. We checked the status of the order this morning.
3. Her status as team captain gives her extra responsibility.

哪一句使用並列最高級，表示某一棟建築在四棟之中同時最老也最高？

1. This is the oldest of the four tall buildings.
2. This is older and taller than one of the other three buildings.
3. This is the oldest and tallest of the four buildings.

用表示「已可靠地帶來大量……」的目標結構完成句子：Careful water management ____ clean water for the town.

在這段敘述中，reaches its last stop 是什麼意思？

1. 水流抵達了真正的公車站或火車站。
2. 水流抵達了所描述路線的最後階段。
3. 水流永遠停止移動。

請用 by 和 fly 的 -ing 形式完成句子：The bird escaped the cage ____ through the open door.

在 thundering Niagara Falls 中，thundering 表示什麼？請選出最準確的解釋。

1. 瀑布發出低沉而強烈的聲音。
2. 雷聲正隨著水流落下。
3. 瀑布完全沒有聲音。

用能指回圖書館並表示下一步起點的片語完成路線說明：Walk to the library. ____, follow the signs to the museum。

這裡的 this well-traveled water 是什麼意思？

1. 專門為旅客準備的飲用水。
2. 被生動地描寫成經過許多地方的水。
3. 一種可以安全飲用的科學水質類別。

哪一項說法正確解釋了聖羅倫斯河在這句話中的作用？

1. 它是把五大湖的水帶往大西洋的水道。
2. 它是尼加拉瀑布的另一個名稱。
3. 它把大西洋的水向西帶到太平洋。

哪一句正確使用 eventually reaching，補充同一主詞最後得到的結果？

1. The hikers followed the river for two days, eventually reaching the coast.
2. Eventually reaching the coast, the temperature dropped.
3. The hikers followed the river for two days, eventually reached the coast.

哪一句能自然地描述一處由自然形成、令人驚嘆的地方？

1. The canyon is a natural wonder.
2. The canyon is a man-made landmark.
3. The canyon is a pleasant surprise.

用 be 的正確形式完成句子：In addition to ____ quiet, the hotel is close to the station.

請用本課結構完成句子，表示「為使用者帶來多種不同的好處」：The new app may ____.

將 natural、water 和 filtration 各使用一次，完成表示這項環境功能的句子：Wetlands provide ____.

將 flood 和 control 各使用一次，完成表示管理洪水風險的句子：Restored wetlands can support ____.

哪一句最準確地描述 nutrient cycling？

1. 人們騎腳踏車運送肥料。
2. 養分在生態系中流動，並可以再次被利用。
3. 植物使用養分後，養分會永久消失。

用 by + reuse 的 -ing 形式完成句子：____ paper, the school saves money.

哪一句表示這座體育場每年吸引超過 300 萬名遊客？

1. The stadium draws up to 3 million visitors a year.
2. The stadium draws upward of 3 million visitors a year.
3. The stadium draws around 3 million visitors a year.

使用「a + 時間單位」結構表示每日速率：The recycling plant processes 800 tons ____.

哪一句自然地表示「小村莊沿著河岸分布」？

1. Small villages line the riverbanks.
2. Small villages are several miles from the riverbanks.
3. Small villages depend on the riverbanks.

填入 dependence 後固定搭配的介系詞：The town's dependence ____ tourism has increased.

請用本課中表示「多種不同有害後果」的完整詞組完成報告句：The new highway had ____ on nearby communities.

請用 degrade 的現在進行式被動形式完成句子：The wetlands ____ by construction crews right now.

在這個語境中，once pristine waters 暗示什麼？

1. 這些水域將第一次變得乾淨。
2. 這些水域以前非常乾淨、未受破壞，但後來狀況已經改變。
3. 這些水域正好只清理過一次。

用 expose A to B 結構完成句子：Poor storage can ____ food ____ harmful bacteria.

哪一句使用 Because + 數據事實來說明主要子句中結果的原因？

1. Only 8% of the land is protected, and the protected area includes three parks.
2. Because only 8% of the land is protected, conservation groups are asking for action.
3. Although only 8% of the land is protected, several habitats are still healthy.

測得的比率正好是 0.8%。請用一個由兩個英文單字組成的比較片語完成句子：The rate is ____ 1%.

請用表示「已有數十年歷史」的連字號複合形容詞完成句子：The archive contains ____ photographs.

哪一句自然地使用 lurk 來表達隱蔽的威脅？

1. A hidden danger may still lurk beneath the surface.
2. The bright sign may still lurk clearly above the door.
3. Fresh flowers may still lurk cheerfully on the table.

使用本條重點中的四字結構完成句子：Tourists ____ foreign seeds into the park, and some are still growing there.

哪一項說法正確使用了 non-native 和 invasive？

1. invasive species 只根據它來自哪裡來定義。
2. 每個 non-native species 一到達就會自動成為 invasive species。
3. non-native species 不一定是 invasive species。

請用 such as 補完整句子來引出例子：The park protects native trees ____ oaks and maples.

在這個五大湖的語境中，zebra and quagga mussels 指什麼？

1. 兩種原產於五大湖的魚
2. 兩種大型陸生哺乳動物
3. 兩種入侵性淡水貽貝

哪一項說明最符合此處 sea lampreys 的意思？

1. sea lampreys 是會保護其他魚類的原生湖魚。
2. sea lampreys 是生長在湖邊、為魚類提供食物的植物。
3. sea lampreys 是會附著並傷害其他魚類的外來入侵無頜魚。

哪句話最準確地改寫了例句中 have decimated 的意思？

1. 牠們已使部分原生魚類族群遭到嚴重破壞。
2. 牠們已使部分原生魚類族群恰好減少百分之十。
3. 牠們已使部分原生魚類族群稍微減少。

哪一句在生態語境中正確使用了 indigenous？

1. The biologists called the imported fish indigenous to the river.
2. The river supports several indigenous fish populations.
3. The fish became indigenous as soon as they entered the aquarium.

用本講解中表示擴大範圍的四字英語轉場片語完成句子：The new traffic plan works well on this block. ____, it could improve travel across the whole city.

完成 cause + 受詞 + to 不定詞的結構，並使用 cause 的現在進行式：Right now, the bright light ____ my eyes ____ hurt.

哪一句正確使用 thus + -ing 來補充說明結果？

1. The heavy rain flooded the field, thus damaged the crops.
2. The heavy rain flooded the field, thus damaging the crops.
3. The heavy rain flooded the field, thus damage the crops.

哪一個句子最準確地解釋 changing the distribution of aquatic life？

1. Scientists are counting every organism in the water.
2. People are delivering aquatic animals to different homes.
3. Water conditions are changing where aquatic organisms can live.

請用表示「從不久前延續到現在的一段不確定時期」的目標片語完成句子：____, the town has built three new parks.

哪一句最恰當地表示某項變化在現在之前開始、發生於延伸至今的期間，而且目前仍然相關？

1. In 1995, many cities started to recognize the value of urban trees.
2. Next year, many cities will start to recognize the value of urban trees.
3. Over the past decade, many cities have started to recognize the value of urban trees.

請用本課中表示「理解並承認某件事物極有價值」的確切片語完成句子：After the pilot reduced energy costs, the company began to ____ solar power.

用 partnership between A and B 結構完成句子：The program is built on a partnership ____ the school ____ the local library.

哪一句表示一項有組織的行動已經開始，同時說明了行動目標？

1. A rescue operation has ended after reaching the stranded hikers.
2. A rescue operation is planned to reach the stranded hikers.
3. A rescue operation is underway to reach the stranded hikers.

哪一個句子讓三項目標都維持平行的不定詞結構？

1. The plan aims to cut waste, protect wildlife, and improve air quality.
2. The plan aims to cut waste, protecting wildlife, and improve air quality.
3. The plan aims to cut waste, protection of wildlife, and to improve air quality.

哪一個句子用正式表達最清楚地說明目標是阻止火勢繼續蔓延？

1. Officials are working to study the spread of the fire.
2. Officials are working to slow the spread of the fire.
3. Officials are working to halt the spread of the fire.

用 as massive as 完成比較句：The new bridge is ____ the old one.

哪一句自然地使用動名詞片語作主詞，並將這項活動視為單數？

1. Protect old trees requires careful planning.
2. Protecting old trees require careful planning.
3. Protecting old trees requires careful planning.

請用目標片語完成句子。這個片語表示未來能否成功取決於多個團體共同合作：Protecting the coastal wetlands ____ local agencies, scientists, and residents.

在這個句子中，"the effort is critical" 表示什麼意思？

1. 這項工作幾乎不需要時間。
2. 人們正在批評這項工作。
3. 這項工作不可或缺，必須認真看待。

哪一句把「成功保護」設為未來結果成立的條件？

1. Although we can preserve the wetland, the work will be expensive.
2. Even if we can preserve the wetland, the road project will continue.
3. Because we can preserve the wetland, we have agreed to help.
4. If we can preserve the wetland, future generations will enjoy it.

flowing inland sea 在這句話中是什麼意思？

1. 被正式分類為海洋的小池塘。
2. 被描繪成一片流動海洋的廣闊、相連淡水湖系統。
3. 一條已經停止流動的河流。
4. 從海岸向大陸內部流動的鹹水海洋。