如果你不小心被鯨魚吞下會怎樣？：英語精讀講義

There is lots of helpful information available on the web

網路上有很多有用的資訊，

regarding how to survive an animal attack,

是關於如何在動物攻擊中生存下來的，

such as how to keep alive if a lion attacks you.

比如，如果獅子攻擊你，該如何保命。

Firstly, don't try to outrun it

首先，不要試圖跑贏牠，

because lions can reach speeds of 50 mph. 片語搭配

因為獅子的速度能達到每小時50英里。

Experts say, face it head on 慣用語

專家建議，你要迎面直視牠，

and try to look big.

並努力讓自己看起來體型龐大。

Regardless, you'll likely suffer.

無論如何，你很可能會受苦。

If you come up against a bear, 片語動詞

如果你遇到了熊，

again, look big

同樣，要讓自己顯得高大，

but also scream and shout like a madman.

同時還要像瘋子一樣大喊大叫。

If that fails,

如果這些都沒用，

hit the ground and act dead.

那就趴在地上裝死。

If it's a shark,

如果遇到的是鯊魚，

certainly don't play dead 片語搭配

千萬別裝死，

cuz it might just see that as an invite. 講解

因為牠可能把這看作是你在邀請牠。

We are told keep eye contact with the shark,

有人告訴我們，要和鯊魚保持眼神交流，

don't splash around,

不要在水裡撲騰，

and you might want to curl up in a ball. 講解

你或許還可以把身體蜷縮成一個球。

Easier said than done, eh? 慣用語

說起來容易做起來難，對吧？

But today, we'll look at the craziest of dangers

但是在今天，我們要看看最瘋狂的危險。

in this episode of The Infographics Show,

在本期的《資訊圖表秀》中，

what if a whale accidentally swallowed you?

如果不小心被鯨魚吞下，會怎麼樣？

Before we get to the heart of the matter, 慣用語

在我們進入問題的核心，

or should we say stomach, 表達脈絡

或者說「胃」之前，

stories of human beings swallowed by whales

人類被鯨魚吞下的故事

have been around for a while. 片語搭配

流傳已經有一段時間了。

You might know the tale of Jonah 文化背景

你可能知道約拿的故事，

from the Old Testament,

出自《舊約全書》，

who was apparently swallowed by a giant fish.

他顯然被一條大魚吞下了。

Maybe they meant a giant mammal,

也許他們指的是一種巨大的哺乳動物，

a whale.

鯨魚。

In the Quran, it's written,

在《古蘭經》中寫道，

"Then the big fish did swallow him

「於是大魚吞下了他，

and he had done acts worthy of blame."

而他做了應受譴責的行為。」

Had it not been that he repented 文法

若不是他悔改

and glorified Allah,

並讚美真主，

he would certainly have remained inside the fish.

他肯定會一直留在大魚肚子裡。

We doubt these days

如今我們很懷疑，

that repenting would encourage the big fish to spit you back out.

悔改是否能促使大魚把你吐出來。

Now, let's have a look at the size of a whale

現在，讓我們來看看鯨魚的尺寸

and its mouth before we talk about more recent stories of people

和牠的嘴，然後再討論最近那些

claiming to have been swallowed by them. 文法

聲稱自己被鯨魚吞下的人的故事。

The blue whale, the largest of them all,

藍鯨是牠們中體型最大的，

can measure about 100 ft in length. 片語搭配

長度可達約100英尺。

They can weigh about 400,000 lb.

重量可達約40萬磅。

Its tongue alone is said to weigh

據說單單牠的舌頭就有

as much as an average size Asian elephant. 文法

一頭普通亞洲象那麼重。

As for the important matter of its gaping kisser, 講解

至於牠那張血盆大口這個重要問題，

one website tells us,

一個網站告訴我們，

"You and 400 of your friends

「你和你的400個朋友

could fit in its mouth."

都能裝進牠的嘴裡。」

Then we have sperm whales,

接下來是抹香鯨，

which will feature in today's show.

牠將是今天節目的主角。

They are smaller,

牠們體型較小，

but a bit scarier

但有點更嚇人，

as they are the biggest of the toothed whales.

因為牠們是最大的齒鯨。

They might be smaller,

牠們或許小一些，

but they're no pushovers, 慣用語

但絕不好惹，

which you will know if you ever read

如果你讀過那本開頭是

a book that began, "Call me Ishmael." 文化背景

「叫我伊什梅爾。」的書，你就會知道。

That's Moby Dick for our viewers not fond of reading.

對於不喜歡讀書的觀眾來說，那是《白鯨記》。

Large sperm whales can reach a length

大型抹香鯨身長可達

of 67 ft and weigh 12,435 lb.

67英尺，重達12435磅。

They are big eaters too,

牠們也是大胃王，

consuming about 3% of their body weight every day.

每天大約要吃掉占體重3%的食物。

So, what we are saying is that getting a human 表達脈絡

所以，我們的意思是，把一個人

or even a bunch of humans inside

甚至一群人放進

a whale's mouth wouldn't be a problem at all.

鯨魚的嘴裡根本不是問題。

But has it actually happened?

但這真的發生過嗎？

Well, you might have read the most recent tale

嗯，你可能已經讀過最近

of this supposedly happening

在網路上流傳的

that has been circulating around the web. 片語動詞

關於所謂發生這種事的故事。

But we all know by now,

但我們現在都知道，

or at least we hope you know,

或者至少希望你知道，

that you must be very careful

你必須非常小心地對待

about what you believe concerning stories on the internet.

你在網上所相信的那些故事。

This particular story told us that in 2015,

這個特別的故事告訴我們，在2015年，

a Spanish fisherman named Luigi Marquez

一位名叫路易吉·馬爾克斯的西班牙漁民

was swallowed by a whale and lived

被鯨魚吞下，並在

in its belly for 3 days

牠的肚子裡活了3天，

before emerging in one piece 慣用語

然後毫髮無傷地出來，

with the best ever story to tell his mates.

給他朋友們帶去了一個絕佳的故事。

Lo and behold, the tale was first 表達脈絡

瞧，這個故事最初

reported by a dubious spiritual website.

是由一個可疑的靈修網站報導的。

Hmm, 3 days,

嗯，3天，

that's the same time

這和約拿

Jonah had a sabbatical inside the giant fish.

在大魚裡度過假期的時長一樣。

It was totally fake,

這完全是假的，

but this didn't stop numerous websites 文法

但這並沒有阻止眾多網站

passing the story on. 片語動詞

繼續傳播這個故事。

Yes,

是的，

we all should be lamenting the fall of journalism.

我們都應該為新聞業的沒落而哀嘆。

But let's look further into men disappearing in whales. 片語動詞

但讓我們進一步看看人在鯨魚肚裡消失的事。

The most famous story that hasn't

最著名且沒有

absolutely completely been debunked

被完全徹底拆穿的故事，

is the tale of a man called

是關於一個名叫

James Bartley, aka the modern Jonah.

詹姆斯·巴特利，又名現代約拿的人的故事。

It's said in 1891, he was indeed swallowed by a whale, 文法

據說在1891年，他確實被鯨魚吞下了，

but the whale died and the man was

但鯨魚死了，這個人

found alive inside its stomach.

被發現活在鯨魚的胃裡。

This was widely reported in the British and American press at the time.

當時英國和美國的新聞界廣泛報導了此事。

One British media outlet ran the headline, 用詞

一家英國媒體的頭條寫道，

"Rescue of a modern Jonah."

「現代約拿獲救。」

While many American newspapers also ran the story.

同時許多美國報紙也刊登了這個故事。

38-year-old Mr. Bartley had been a sailor on the British ship

38歲的巴特利先生曾是英國帆船

Star of the East.

「東方之星」號上的一名水手。

During their long trip,

在他們漫長的航行中，

the crew saw a large whale

船員們看到一條大鯨魚

swimming off the coast of the

在南美洲

Falkland Islands in South America.

福克蘭群島的海岸外游弋。

They dropped a couple of boats

他們放下幾隻小船，

and armed with harpoons,

帶著魚叉，

went to hunt the beast.

去獵殺這頭巨獸。

The little boats were no match for the massive whale 慣用語

小船根本不是這頭巨大鯨魚的對手，

and it tipped them,

牠把船打翻了，

although it had been hit with two harpoons

儘管牠中了猛烈的兩叉

and was mortally injured. 片語搭配

並受了致命傷。

Most crew were rescued,

大多數船員獲救了，

but one drowned and another went missing, 片語搭配

但一人淹死，另一人失蹤，

presumed drowned. 用詞

被假定淹死了。

This was our dear Mr. Bartley.

這就是我們親愛的巴特利先生。

The ship managed to finish the whale off 片語動詞

這艘船最終了結了那頭鯨魚，

and pull it on board.

並把牠拉上船。

About a day and a half later,

大約一天半之後，

after the crew had been cutting the whale open,

在船員們切開鯨魚的時候，

they noticed something moving.

他們注意到有東西在動。

A man curled in a ball,

一個蜷縮成一團的男人，

covered in whale stomach.

渾身是鯨魚胃裡的東西。

It was the missing sailor,

正是那位失蹤的水手，

and that's the story.

故事就是這樣。

He'd apparently survived 36 hours inside the whale.

顯然他在鯨魚體內活了36個小時。

This is how the newspapers reported it.

這是報紙上的報導。

The workmen were startled while laboring to clear it

工人們在努力清理牠

and to fasten the chain about it

並用鐵鏈把牠拴起來時，

to discover something doubled up in it

驚訝地發現裡面有個縮成一團的東西，

that gave spasmodic signs of life.

還有間歇性的生命跡象。

He made a full recovery 片語搭配

他完全康復了，

and this is what he supposedly told the crew

至少根據一個來源，

of his internal adventure,

據說這是他給船員們講述的

according to one source at least. 表達脈絡

他在鯨魚體內的冒險經歷。

He was engulfed by darkness and felt himself

他被黑暗吞沒，感覺自己

slipping along a smooth passage

沿著一條光滑的通道滑下，

that seemed to move and carry him forward.

那通道似乎在動，推著他向前。

He came to an area with more room in it

他來到一個空間更大的地方，

and was able to reach around.

可以四處摸索。

Upon feeling a yielding slimy substance as the walls, 文法

當他摸到像牆壁一樣柔軟黏滑的物質時，

he realized he had been swallowed.

他意識到自己被吞下了。

But was fake news around in the late 19th century?

但在19世紀末有假新聞嗎？

Of course it was.

當然有。

Humans have been telling lies from when they first learned how to speak

人類從剛學會說話起就開始撒謊，

and passing them on as truth.

並把它們當真相傳遞。

Some investigations into this story ensued 用詞

對這個故事的調查隨後展開，

with the investigators indeed saying there was a ship

調查人員確實證實當時確實有

by that name sailing in that part of the world at that time,

一艘叫那個名字的船在世界那個地區航行，

but it was not a vessel equipped for whaling 片語搭配

但牠不是一艘配備捕鯨設備的船，

and there was no British geezer on board 用詞

而且船上也沒有

with the name John Bartley.

名叫約翰·巴特利的英國人。

The captain's wife also said this,

船長的妻子也說了這番話，

"There is not one word of truth in the whale story.

「這個捕鯨故事裡沒有半句實話。

I was with my husband all the years

我丈夫在'東方之星'號的那些年，

he was in the Star of the East.

我一直和他在一起。

There was never a man lost overboard 用詞

當他在船上的時候，

while my husband was in her.

從來沒有人在海裡失蹤過。

The sailor has told a great sea yarn."

這個水手講了一個天大的航海奇談。」

You can't beat a good sea yarn, 慣用語

沒有什麼比一個好的航海奇談更棒了，

but now let's look more at the science of the matter.

但現在讓我們更多地從科學角度來看看這個問題。

Well,

嗯，

no one would deny that a human could fit in a whale's mouth. 語氣意圖

沒人會否認一個人能被裝進鯨魚嘴裡。

But what would happen after the initial entrance?

但在最初的入口之後會發生什麼呢？

One scientist says,

一位科學家說，

"If it was a blue whale,

「如果是藍鯨，

we wouldn't even fit down the animal's esophagus.

我們甚至無法通過這動物的食道。

It's just too small.

牠實在太小了。

So, we might end up in its mouth,

所以，我們可能會進入牠的嘴裡，

but we would just get spat back out." 文法

但只會被牠吐出來。」

But toothed whales are a different matter altogether. 片語搭配

但齒鯨完全是另一回事。

Both sperm whales and killer whales

抹香鯨和虎鯨

do swallow very large prey, bigger than us.

確實會吞下非常大的獵物，比我們還大。

One scientist says,

一位科學家說，

"If we manage to get past all those sharp teeth 片語動詞

「如果我們設法穿過那些鋒利的牙齒，

and we went down the hole,

掉進那個洞裡，

our next hurdle would be dealing with the whale's digestive system. 慣用語

我們面臨的下一個障礙將是應對鯨魚的消化系統。

Enzymes would burn your skin

酶會灼傷你的皮膚，

and you'd be in a bit of a state 慣用語

你會處境淒慘，

and if somehow you were still alive,

如果不知怎麼的你還活著，

you'd end up in one of four stomach chambers.

你最終會進入四個胃室之一。

And if you've made it all the way, 慣用語

如果你能一路闖到底，

you can give yourself a slap on the back, 慣用語

你可以拍拍自己的背慶祝一下，

but you'll die very quickly anyway

但不管怎樣你還是會很快死去，

because there is no air down there,

因為那下面沒有空氣，

just methane gas,

只有甲烷氣體，

which is not exactly good for you." 語氣意圖

這東西對你可沒什麼好處。」

The Smithsonian Magazine,

在科學內容上我們可以信賴的

which we can rely on in terms of scientific content, 片語搭配

《史密森尼雜誌》

agreed with the same scientist who concluded,

同意這位科學家的結論，

when asked if we could survive,

當被問到我們能否生存時，

"Certainly, no air inside a fish,

「當然，魚肚子裡沒有空氣，

so I think that's really what's going to get you in the end. 慣用語

所以我覺得這才是最後要你命的東西。

So, I'm afraid, no. 語氣意圖

所以，恐怕不行。」

We can find nothing out there

我們找不到任何

from trustworthy news sources that say any different.

有不同說法的可靠新聞來源。

In fact, one journalist working for Salon

事實上，Salon的一名記者

spent days going over archives 片語動詞

花了好幾天時間翻閱

at the New Bedford Whaling Museum Research Library

新貝德福德捕鯨博物館研究圖書館的檔案，

and he found zero cases of whales swallowing anyone,

他發現根本沒有鯨魚吞人的記錄，

never mind someone surviving. 表達脈絡

更別提有人活下來了。

Sure, mess with these creatures 片語動詞

當然，招惹這些生物，

and you might lose an arm or a leg,

你可能會失去一條胳膊或一條腿，

but it seems they are not keen on consuming an entire human. 片語搭配

但牠們似乎並不熱衷於吞下一個完整的人類。

What we can find, 文法

我們能找到的，

and we've seen the videos,

而且我們也看過的影片，

are people getting a little too close

是人們靠得太近，

as giant whales swim with open mouths

而巨鯨張著嘴游動

trying to grab a load of fish.

試圖捕獲大量魚群。

In one video, the man looks tiny,

在其中一個影片裡，那人看起來很小，

so indeed, he could have at least ended up in the whale's mouth. 文法

所以確實，他至少可能最後掉進鯨魚嘴裡。

A word of advice, 表達脈絡

給你一句忠告，

stay out of the way of a whale's orifice. 慣用語

離鯨魚的孔洞遠一點。

We also found this on a diver's website.

我們還在一個潛水員的網站上發現了這個。

The diver recalls being hit hard by the whale shark. 文法

這名潛水員回憶起被鯨鯊狠狠撞擊的情況。

Then the diver was sucked into the mouth of the whale shark,

然後潛水員被吸進了鯨鯊的嘴裡，

head first, and half swallowed up to her thighs.

頭朝下，大腿以下都被吞了進去。

The diver struggled to escape the whale shark's mouth for a brief moment

潛水員掙扎了片刻，試圖逃出鯨鯊的嘴巴，

before the shark spat the diver out.

然後鯊魚把她吐了出來。

That was a shark,

那是一條鯊魚，

but you get the picture. 慣用語

但你應該明白了吧。

Others haven't been so lucky and the beasts chomped instead of spat.

其他人就沒這麼幸運了，野獸把他們嚼碎而不是吐出來。

So, do you think anyone's ever been swallowed by a whale?

那麼，你認為有人曾被鯨魚吞下過嗎？

Could you really survive in a whale stomach for 36 hours?

你真的能在鯨魚肚子裡存活36小時嗎？

Let us know your thoughts in the comments.

在留言區讓你知道你的想法。

Also, be sure to check out our other video,

此外，請務必去看看我們的另一段影片，

"What if the USA paid off its debt?"

「如果美國還清債務會怎樣？」

Thanks for watching and as always,

感謝觀看，一如既往，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

別忘了按讚、分享並訂閱。

See you next time.

下次見。