奇怪但天才的毛毛蟲加速技巧 - Smarter Every Day 93：英語精讀講義

Hey, it's me, Destin.

嘿，是我，Destin。

Welcome back to Smarter Every Day.

歡迎回到 Smarter Every Day。

I'm in Caleb's room.

我現在在 Caleb 的房間裡。

Caleb is a science fair winner. 文化背景

Caleb 是科學競賽的獲勝者。

So, he is legit. 用詞

所以，他很有實力。

And uh you dropped the cat in the cat drop video, right? 語氣意圖

呃，在扔貓影片裡扔貓的是你，對吧？

Yes.

是的。

And uh we had a deal, right? 片語搭配

呃，我們有筆交易，對吧？

I paid you with something. 片語搭配

我付了你報酬。

What did I pay you with?

我用什麼付給你的？

These LEGO motors.

這些 LEGO 馬達。

That's pretty cool.

那挺酷的。

But I called you and I said, "I want you to build something for me for a video." 文法

但我給你打過電話說，“我想讓你幫我為影片做一個東西。”

What is it?

是什麼？

This LEGO inchworm.

這隻 LEGO 尺蠖。

Yeah?

是嗎？

This battery pack allows the motor to turn. 文法

這個電池盒讓馬達轉動。

Uh-huh.

嗯哼。

Powers the axle,

驅動轉軸，

the worm wheel,

蝸輪，

the cam, which drives the whole thing.

以及驅動整個裝置的凸輪。

Yeah?

是嗎？

And this ratchet,

還有這個棘輪，

uh-huh,

嗯哼，

it allows the worm to move in one spot so it doesn't do this.

它能讓尺蠖在原地移動，才不會變成這樣。

That's awesome.

真棒。

Oh, when you take the ratchet off, it doesn't work. 片語動詞

哦，當你取下棘輪時，它就不運作了。

So, you have to put the ratchet back on?

所以你必須把棘輪裝回去？

So, it pushes against itself.

這樣它才能自己推著前進。

That's awesome.

太酷了。

So, I have been fascinated as long as I can remember 文法

所以，從我記事起，我就一直對

with locomotion. That's why Caleb got these motors.

移動方式很著迷。這就是 Caleb 得到這些馬達的原因。

So, today on Smarter Every Day,

那麼，在今天的 Smarter Every Day 裡，

we're gonna look at caterpillar locomotion.

我們要來看看毛毛蟲的移動方式。

But we have to go back to the Amazon rainforest to see it.

但我們得回到亞馬遜雨林去看看。

It's a group of caterpillars doing something really strange.

那是一群毛毛蟲在做一些非常奇怪的事情。

Let's get smarter every day.

讓我們每天都變得更聰明。

Caterpillar.

毛毛蟲。

So, check this out. 片語動詞

那麼，快看這個。

Gordon found a big caterpillar

Gordon 發現了一條很大的毛毛蟲，

that's basically a macro organism of a bunch of little caterpillars.

它實際上是由一堆小毛毛蟲組成的宏觀生物體。

And they're all moving as one. 片語搭配

它們作為一個整體在移動。

That's weird.

真奇怪。

They all stop and think at the same time, too.

它們甚至同時停下來思考。

See that?

看到了嗎？

Gerson, do you know a word for this?

Gerson，你知道怎麼形容這個嗎？

No.

不知道。

See they all stop at the same time.

看，它們都在同一時間停下來了。

Oh, that's weird.

哦，太怪了。

That's crazy.

太不可思議了。

If you look, like for a school of fish or birds,

如果你看，就像魚群或鳥群，

it's usually the bird or the fish in front that dictates where the whole group goes. 用詞

通常是前面的鳥或魚決定了整個群體去哪裡。

But if you look at the caterpillars when they're stopping,

但如果你看這些毛毛蟲停下來的時候，

they're doing this little stop and think little technique,

它們在做這種停下來思考的小動作，

you'll notice that it propagates from the back to the front sometimes. 用詞

你會注意到，這種動作有時是從後面傳到前面的。

That's really strange.

這真的很奇怪。

I wonder what kind of clock or rhythm is dictating this. 文法

我想知道是什麼時鐘或節奏在決定著這個。

I don't know.

我不知道。

Look at it.

看著它。

Really weird.

真的很奇怪。

You never seen that? 文法

你從沒見過嗎？

Cool.

酷。

Alright note to self, 片語搭配

好了，備忘一下，

go back and look at the video of the caterpillars

回去看看毛毛蟲的影片，

and see if the ones on top are moving twice as fast as the ones on bottom 文法

看看上面的毛毛蟲是不是比下面的移動快兩倍，

or depending on how many layers up they are,

或者根據它們在第幾層，

if they're moving like three times as fast.

看看它們是不是移動得快三倍。

So, it wasn't until I got here and started playing with LEGOs 文法

所以，直到我來到這裡開始玩 LEGO 時，

that I realized it's not only the second and third level of caterpillars that's moving faster,

我才意識到，不僅是第二層和第三層的毛毛蟲移動得更快，

it's the entire group as a whole. 片語搭配

而是整個群體作為一個整體在加快。

Okay, to demonstrate this,

好的，為了演示這個，

we're gonna have a LEGO drag race.

我們要來一場 LEGO 直線加速賽。

You can see I've got a single caterpillar on this side

你可以看到我這邊有一隻單隻的毛毛蟲，

and I have a whole group of caterpillars on this side.

而我這邊有一整群毛毛蟲。

At each frame,

在每一幀，

I'm gonna move the single caterpillar one click,

我要把單隻的毛毛蟲移動一格，

and I'm gonna move the ones on bottom one click

也要把底下的那些移動一格，

as well as the ones rolling across the top one click. 片語搭配

同時上面滾動的那些也移動一格。

Keep your eyes on the blue caterpillars. 慣用語

眼睛盯緊藍色的毛毛蟲。

Ready? 文化背景

準備？

Set?

預備？

wiggle.

蠕動。

So, you can see from our little race here

所以，你可以從我們的小型比賽中看到，

that the caterpillar that was by himself

自己單獨行動的那隻毛毛蟲

is a lot slower than the caterpillar that was in the group. 文法

比群體裡的毛毛蟲慢得多。

Now, we had two levels.

現在，我們有兩層。

So, does that mean that this moved twice as fast?

那麼，這是否意味著它移動得快了兩倍？

No, it doesn't.

不，不是的。

Do the math for me by looking at these grids 講解

看著這些網格幫我算算數學，

and let me know in the comments how much faster.

然後在評論裡告訴我它快了多少。

But think about this.

但是想想這個。

What if we had three levels 文法

如果我們有三層呢？

or even more?

甚至更多呢？

How much efficiency do the real caterpillars add

真正的毛毛蟲每增加一層，

every time they add a level?

能增加多少效率？

I think the coolest part 文法

我認為最酷的部分

is that they all stop at the same time.

是它們都在同一時間停下來。

Look at that.

看看那個。

Yeah.

是啊。

Then they start back up. 片語動詞

然後它們又重新開始。

Tactile communication, right? 用詞

觸覺交流，對吧？

So, thank you for learning about caterpillars with us.

那麼，感謝你們和我們一起學習關於毛毛蟲的知識。

And uh thank you to you, Caleb,

呃，也要謝謝你，Caleb，

for playing Legos with me.

陪我一起玩 LEGO。

And now, I will earn your subscription

現在，我要透過

by walking across LEGOs barefoot.

光腳走過 LEGO 來換取你們的訂閱。

Hope that goes well.

希望一切順利。

I don't owe you anything, 文法

我不欠你什麼，

do I?

對吧？

We're good? 語氣意圖

我們扯平了？

We're square? 慣用語

我們兩清了？

We're good.

我們扯平了。

We're square.

我們兩清了。

Okay.

好的。

Have a good one. 語氣意圖

祝你好運。

Get smarter every day.

每天變得更聰明。

So, I vote we call this a brood 用詞

那麼，我提議我們把這叫作一簇 (brood)

of caterpillars.

毛毛蟲。

A brood.

一簇。

What are you gonna call it, Gordon?

Gordon，你要怎麼叫它？

A slather.

一坨 (slather)。

Yes.

是的。

Pretty dumb.

挺蠢的。

You see more crazy stuff in like 10 minutes out here 用詞

你在這裡十分鐘內看到的瘋狂事物

than you do in a whole year back home. 文法

比你回家一整年看到的還要多。

That's it?

沒了嗎？

That's cool.

這太酷了。

Let's go another 20 ft

讓我們再走 20 英尺，

and find something else in the rainforest.

在雨林裡找點別的東西。