歷史上曾有過好獨裁者嗎？ - 史蒂芬妮·洪切爾·史密斯 (Stephanie Honchell Smith)：英語精讀講義

請用本課片語完成句子，表示這個說法來自傳統故事：____, a giant once lived in this cave.

在 ancient Roman statesman Cincinnatus 這個片語中，Cincinnatus 表示什麼？

1. 一個表示農夫的普通名詞。
2. 這位古羅馬政治家的名字。
3. 一個修飾羅馬國家的形容詞。

用 invade 的過去完成式完成句子，表示入侵發生在警告抵達之前：By the time the warning arrived, the enemy ____ the coastal town.

用本課所學、表示「需要」的三個單字片語完成句子：After the storm, the clinic was ____ clean water.

哪一句最自然地表示危機需要既迅速又果斷的行動？

1. The crisis requires fast decision action.
2. The crisis requires quickly decided action.
3. The crisis requires swift, decisive action.

請用本課中表示「擔任某種角色」的兩個單字完成句子：During the transition, she agreed to ____ interim director.

哪一項最準確地解釋 absolute power over the military and government？

1. 一個人對這兩個機構的看法完全正確。
2. 一個人對這兩個機構擁有不受限制的權力。
3. 一個人對這兩個機構只有象徵性的影響力。

請用 take control 的過去式和正確的介系詞完成句子：After the previous director left, Lena ____ the department.

使用目標結構 in a matter of + 時間單位來表達「僅在幾週之內」：After the new system went live, customer wait times fell sharply ____.

“The documentary reinforces the myth of effortless success”是什麼意思？

1. 這部紀錄片創造了一個關於成功之神的傳統傳說。
2. 這部紀錄片毫無疑問地證明了成功從來不需要努力。
3. 這部紀錄片讓一種已經存在、可能具有誤導性的「輕鬆成功」觀念顯得更加牢固。

在本句中，benevolent dictator 是什麼意思？

1. 一位權力受到法律嚴格限制的民選領袖
2. 一位沒有政治權力的善良普通人
3. 一位擁有不受制衡的權力，卻被描述為替公共利益行事的統治者

請用本課中正確的三個英文單字完成句子：In the fictional state, one leader ____, with no court or legislature able to limit that leader.

哪一句使用 yet 表示後面的結果與前面的想法形成出乎預期的對比？

1. The road was long, yet we arrived before noon.
2. The road was long because it crossed the desert.
3. The road was long, and it had many turns.

哪一句表示委員會有效率地處理了問題，但沒有宣稱問題已經徹底解決？

1. The committee addressed the safety problem efficiently.
2. The committee listed the safety problem carefully.
3. The committee solved the safety problem completely.

這個問句在文章結構中的主要功能是什麼？

1. 它要求觀眾指出某位特定的當代領導人。
2. 它提出了這類獨裁者確實存在的最終證明。
3. 它界定了後續論證將探討的中心議題。

用目標片語構成目的表達：Extra identity checks were added ____ fraud.

在這個句子中，「potentially destructive whims」是什麼意思？

1. 可能造成嚴重傷害、難以預測的個人衝動
2. 不帶批評意味的一般偏好
3. 經過審慎檢驗並有證據支持的政策

哪一個句子正確使用縮減後的 when 子句，而且兩個部分的主詞明確一致？

1. When the machine functioning properly, it uses very little power.
2. When functioning properly, very little power is needed by the machine.
3. When functioning properly, the machine uses very little power.

按照 enable、users 和 access 的正確形式與順序完成句子：These secure links ____ their accounts from home.

哪一句表示「防範貪腐與權力濫用」是建立信任所採用的方法？

1. The policy builds trust by protecting corruption and the abuse of power.
2. The policy builds trust by protecting against corruption and the abuse of power.
3. The policy builds trust to protect against corruption and the abuse of power.

請用本課標示的方式結構完成句子：A smooth launch is ____ testing every feature in advance.

在這裡，regular, free and fair elections 是什麼意思？

1. 依既定週期舉行、人民可自由選擇且程序公平的選舉。
2. 選民不用付費就能參加的選舉。
3. 現任領導人想舉行時才舉行的選舉。

在政治討論中，imposing term limits 是什麼意思？

1. 正式規定一名公職人員可任職多久或可擔任幾屆。
2. 限制公職人員可以使用的專業術語。
3. 縮短一個學期的長度。

legislative branches 中的 branches 是什麼意思？

1. 私人公司的地方分店。
2. 從樹上長出的粗大樹枝。
3. 擁有特定權力的不同政府部門。

a free press 在本句中是什麼意思？

1. 向讀者免費發送的報紙。
2. 能在不受政府不當控制的情況下進行報導的新聞媒體。
3. 任何人都可以使用的印刷機。

請使用 accountable 和正確的介系詞完成句子：Independent reviews keep managers ____ their spending decisions.

使用 encourage someone to engage in 這個結構完成句子：The library encourages residents ____ local history projects.

下列哪一項最符合 absolute or near absolute power 的意思？

1. 權力沒有實質限制，或只有極少限制。
2. 權力由數個獨立群體平均分享。
3. 權力在空間位置上靠近另一個權力機構。

在本句中，is free to impose their vision on society 是什麼意思？

1. 此人可以在不受有效約束的情況下，迫使社會接受個人願景。
2. 此人只有在社會自願接受後，才能提出一種願景。
3. 此人可以不花錢地向社會介紹一種願景。

用目標片語表示這項判斷並非總是成立：____, the medicine may cause drowsiness.

在本句中，can sound appealing 是什麼意思？

1. 一開始可能顯得很有吸引力，但不一定是個好主意。
2. 它發出悅耳的音樂聲。
3. 已經證明它運作良好。

用本課中表示「按照正常、預期方式」的三個英文單字補全句子：The school website is online, but it isn't functioning ____.

哪個句子正確使用 due to 引出原因？

1. The museum closed early due to a power outage.
2. The museum closed early due to it lost power.
3. The museum closed early due to the power went out.

哪個情境最能呈現 extreme political polarization？

1. 幾個政黨在一項稅收提案上意見不同，但在其他議題上仍然合作。
2. 兩個主要政治陣營愈來愈敵對，持中間立場的選民愈來愈少。
3. 一個小團體支持一項激進政策。

請用本課的完整片語完成句子：To protect their privacy, some users ____ a little convenience.

在本句中，Authoritarian-leaning leaders 最準確的意思是什麼？

1. 傾向威權主義思想或做法，但並非絕對歸類的領導人。
2. 身體向一側傾斜的領導人。
3. 沒有明確政治傾向的領導人。

用 present oneself as 的正確形式完成句子：In its campaign, the company tries to ____ a friend of small businesses.

用 distill A into B 的過去式完成句子：Yesterday, the editor ____ a forty-page report ____ three clear recommendations.

在這個句子中，overt authoritarian leaders 是什麼意思？

1. 刻意隱藏威權特徵的領導人。
2. 威權特徵尤其公開、明顯的領導人。
3. 已經擺脫威權統治的領導人。

聽完整的英文句子，選擇你聽到的句子。請分辨 coups 字尾的 /z/ 和 coupes 字尾的 /ps/。

1. I read about three coups yesterday.
2. I read about three coupes yesterday.

哪一句表示莉娜主動確立了自己的公開角色？

1. Several reporters recognized Lena as the group's spokesperson.
2. After leading the negotiations, Lena asserted herself as the group's spokesperson.
3. The committee officially appointed Lena as the group's spokesperson.

哪一項描述最符合 exploitative contract 的意思？

1. 它在公平、透明的條款下讓雙方受益。
2. 它與勘探有關，但沒有評價是否公平。
3. 它讓強勢的一方藉由利用弱勢的一方而取得不公平的利益。

完成句子，使其表示練習增加與自信提升彼此連動：____ you practice, ____ confident you become.

哪一句自然地使用 riddled with 來描述廣泛存在的負面問題？

1. The report was riddled of factual errors.
2. The report was riddled with useful examples.
3. The report was riddled with factual errors.

哪一句表示一名官員實際利用職務權力壓制批評？

1. The official was in a position to hear the critics.
2. The official used her position to silence critics.
3. The official marked her position on the map.

請用本講解中標出的兩字片語完成句子：After two years of planning, the city will ____ a major rebuilding program.

哪一句表示某人經過多年累積了巨額個人財富？

1. She built an enormous personal fortune through decades of successful investments.
2. She made money at a one-day neighborhood sale.
3. She inherited a fortune from her aunt.

對 initially elected democratically 最準確的理解是哪一項？

1. 他們未經選舉就上台。
2. 他們在整個任期內始終以民主方式執政。
3. 他們最初透過民主程序取得職位，但這個片語並未描述他們後來整個執政階段。

哪一句最明確表示某人有計畫地逐步累積權力？

1. Over several years, the director strategically accumulated power by placing allies in key positions.
2. At noon, the director was given a temporary badge for one meeting.
3. After the election, the director immediately resigned from every position.

在這句話中，embracing authoritarian forms of control 是什麼意思？

1. 主動採取高度集權、限制性強的控制手段
2. 用身體抱住執行規定的人
3. 只是觀察這些手段，並不接受

哪一句自然地用 wave 比喻大規模社會趨勢？

1. The swimmer watched a wave break near the shore.
2. One person quietly disliked the rule, so it was a wave of discontent.
3. The new law sparked a wave of public protests.

使用過去式的 channel A into B 結構完成句子：Yesterday, the coach ____ the team's frustration ____ focused training.

判斷這種用法是否精確：A school introduced a strict uniform policy, so the policy is fascism.

1. 正確
2. 錯誤

請用正式結構 exalt A above B 完成句子：The doctrine ____ one group ____ all others.

請用本課中表示「進入公職後」的三個字詞片語完成句子：____, the governor appointed an independent ethics officer.

哪一句最準確地改述 The leaders gradually dismantled checks on their power？

1. They repeatedly tested whether their authority was effective.
2. They slowly removed restraints on their authority.
3. They slowly gave the courts all of their authority.

使用一個以 rule 開頭、表示法官可能作出對公司不利裁決的片語完成句子：The judge may ____ the company if the evidence is convincing.

判斷正誤：在 The candidate acknowledged the result. 中，acknowledged 一定表示候選人贊同並喜歡這個結果。

1. 正確
2. 錯誤

在這個句子中，dissenting voices 指什麼？

1. 重複並維護獲認可立場的人。
2. 說話音高不同尋常的人。
3. 公開反對某種主流立場的人或觀點。

surrounded with yes-men 用來描述一位領導者時，是什麼意思？

1. 在某個調查問題中選擇「是」的人。
2. 經常質疑領導者決定的顧問。
3. 不斷附和有權勢者、缺乏批判性的追隨者。

哪一句使用 A over B 表示優先考量第一項？

1. We talked for over an hour.
2. The team chose reliability over speed.
3. The lamp hangs over the table.

哪一句自然且正確地使用了 wreak？

1. The new park wreaked happiness in the neighborhood.
2. She wreaked a sandwich for lunch.
3. The cyclone wreaked havoc across the island.

用本課中的確切片語補完整句，該片語表示「被放在別人看不到或發現不了的地方」：The extra fees were ____ until customers reached the final payment screen.

在政治討論中，cult of personality 是什麼意思？

1. 一個有系統地美化領袖並阻礙批評的體系
2. 政治人物受歡迎程度的一般上升
3. 每個獨裁者都必須正式加入的宗教組織

哪一句話最準確地概括這兩個平行動作？

1. 他們增加了所有類型的報導，並停止發布官方訊息。
2. 他們用東西蓋住報紙，再把報紙推過桌面。
3. 他們減少了不利報導，並主動推廣有利訊息。

使用動詞 present 和 present + 受詞 + as 結構完成句子，時態使用現在簡單式：The documentary ____ the mayor ____ a fearless reformer.

填入形式受詞：Clear labels make ____ easier to compare the two charts.

判斷正誤：這句問句把 Mussolini made the trains run on time 這項說法當成已經證實的成就。

1. 正確
2. 錯誤

用 would have 和 punish 的過去分詞完成過去假設結果：If the guards had heard the protest, the ruler ____ the speakers.

用一個表示「與該說法不同的內容」的單字完成句子：Everyone called the plan safe, but the test results said ____.

哪個句子使用表示讓步的 while，先承認有限的好處，再提出主要的負面判斷？

1. While the report was being printed, we waited outside.
2. While the app loads, a logo appears on the screen.
3. While the update fixed one minor bug, it caused several serious failures.

使用指定片語 in its wake 完成句子：The tornado crossed the county, leaving damaged homes ____.

在句子“The so-called quick fix created three new problems.”中，so-called 表達了什麼態度？

1. 說話者完全接受 quick fix 是一種中性的描述。
2. 說話者是在指出誰發明了這個解決辦法。
3. 說話者質疑這個解決辦法是否配得上 quick fix 這個標籤。

請用 stand accused of 的正確形式補完這句正式新聞用語：The official ____ hiding public records.

哪一句中的 Back to ... 是用來回到先前話題的轉場？

1. Back to our original question: why did the lights go out?
2. The back of the chair is broken.
3. We drove back to the hotel after dinner.

用 not that ..., but that ... 完成句子，把重點從價格轉移到延誤：The real problem is ____ the repair is expensive, ____ it will take three weeks.

用 give up 的過去式和正確的代名詞位置完成句子：The app was taking too much of her time, so she ____.

哪一句中的 step down 表示離開正式職位？

1. Nora stepped down from the stage after the speech.
2. Nora stepped down onto the lower stair for the photo.
3. Nora stepped down as committee chair after the vote.

哪一句表示創辦人將不再掌握控制權，並正式將控制權交給另一個機構？

1. The founder agreed to share control with the new board.
2. The founder agreed to relinquish control to the new board.
3. The founder agreed to delegate routine decisions to the new board.

使用 as important ... as 完成句子，表示兩者同樣重要：Clear instructions are ____ good tools for workplace safety.

用本課表示「抵擋威脅」的雙字片語動詞完成句子：The new security system helped the bank ____ repeated cyberattacks.

用本課表示「引出現實結果」的雙字片語完成句子：The plan seems efficient in theory, but ____, it creates more paperwork.

請用本講中表示「達到預期標準」的片語完成句子：The sequel was highly anticipated, but it has not ____ audience expectations.

請用本講中表示「主動退出或拒絕」的片語完成句子：The buyer disliked the new conditions and decided to ____ the deal.

哪一句表達持續而強烈、可能很難滿足的欲望？

1. They continuously crave more attention.
2. They sometimes want more attention.
3. They continue to need more time.

哪組句子正確使用 That's why，把道路結冰當作原因，把學校提早關閉當作結果？

1. The school closed early. That's why the roads were icy.
2. The roads were icy. That's why the school closed early.
3. The roads were icy. That's because the school closed early.

哪一句中的 checks on leaders 表示對政治權力的限制？

1. A clinic performs health checks on political leaders.
2. Independent courts can provide checks on political leaders.
3. The treasurer writes checks for political leaders.

請用本課以 In 開頭、表示「由某人掌控」的四字片語完成句子：____ a careful technician, the machine is safe to operate.

哪一句使用 even seemingly robust 表示某個事物看起來很穩固，卻仍可能很脆弱？

1. Even robust institutions can fail under pressure.
2. Even seemingly robust institutions can fail under pressure.
3. Seemingly robust institutions never face pressure.

用本課中表示「逐漸進入更糟狀態」的兩字詞組完成句子：If the talks fail, the region could ____ chaos.

哪一句最恰當地從說明問題轉向詢問聽眾可以採取的實際行動？

1. The risks are clear. So when was the issue first discovered?
2. The risks are clear. So how was the report designed?
3. The risks are clear. So what exactly can you do today?

請用 check 的正確形式完成這句表示第一步的指示：To secure your account, start by ____ your privacy settings.

請用一個表示「所有實務細節」的五字英語習語完成句子：Before you train the new staff, you need to learn ____ the scheduling system.

哪一句用 ingredient 作比喻，表示「必要因素」？

1. Flour is the key ingredient in this bread.
2. Patience is a key ingredient in learning a language.
3. She put every ingredient on the kitchen counter.