植物對抗污染 ⏲️ 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

6 Minute English from the BBC.

BBC 6分鐘英語。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，這裡是 BBC 英語教學的 6 分鐘英語。

I'm Neil.

我是尼爾。

And I'm Beth.

我是貝絲。

Now, imagine a field polluted by spilled oil. 文法

現在，想像一片被漏油污染的土地。

Toxic waste has mixed into the water and chemical fumes have overtaken the air, 用詞

有毒廢物混入水中，化學煙霧瀰漫在空氣中，

leaving animals dead and the land unsafe for humans. 文法

導致動物死亡，土地不再適合人類居住。

Unfortunately, situations like this are common all over the world. 片語搭配

不幸的是，像這樣的情況在世界各地都很常見。

Cleaning up chemical pollution is dangerous and expensive 片語動詞

清理化學污染不僅危險而且昂貴，

and mostly involves highly technological equipments.

且主要依靠高科技設備。

But what if there was a more natural solution? 文法

但如果有更自然的解決方案呢？

Recently, scientists have been developing a new technique for cleaning pollution, 文法

最近，科學家們一直在開發一種清理污染的新技術，

letting plants do the work instead. 文法

讓植物來代勞。

Yes, plants like water hyacinths have been used to clean rivers by sucking up oil spilled into the water 講解

是的，像布袋蓮這樣的植物已被用於清理河流，它們能吸收洩漏到水中的油污，

and researchers have successfully used fungi to break down plastic waste. 講解

而研究人員也已成功利用真菌分解塑膠廢物。

In this program, we'll be hearing about plants that fight pollution 表達脈絡

在本期節目中，我們將聽到關於抗擊污染的植物的故事，

and of course, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.

當然，我們還會學習一些有用的新詞彙。

But first, I have a question for you, Neil.

但首先，我有個問題要問你，尼爾。

One word we'll be hearing a lot in this program is phytoremediation, 用詞

本期節目中我們會頻繁聽到的一個詞是「植物修復（phytoremediation）」，

the technique that certain plants use to remove harmful chemicals from polluted environments. 片語搭配

這是一些植物用來從污染環境中清除有害化學物質的技術。

But how do they do this?

但牠們是怎麼做到的呢？

Is it by using A, their leaves,

是透過 A：牠們的葉子，

B, their roots,

B：牠們的根，

or C, their seeds?

還是 C：牠們的種子？

I think some plants clean up pollution using their roots.

我認為有些植物是用根來清理污染的。

Okay, Neil.

好的，尼爾。

We'll find out the correct answer later. 片語動詞

我們稍後會揭曉正確答案。

Phytoremediating plants are certainly needed in one of the most oil polluted places on Earth, 文法

在地球上受石油污染最嚴重的地方之一，確實需要具有植物修復功能的植物，

the delta of the river Niger in Nigeria. 文化背景

那就是奈及利亞的尼日河三角洲。

Ever since oil, known by the nickname black gold, 講解

自從有著「黑金」之稱的石油

was discovered there in the 1950s,

於20世紀50年代在那裡被發現以來，

it's become central to Nigeria's economy. 片語搭配

它已成為奈及利亞經濟的核心。

But oil spills have devastated the region's landscape 用詞

但漏油事件已經摧毀了該地區的景觀，

and there is mistrust between local communities 片語搭配

而且當地社區與在那裡營運的跨國石油公司之間

and the multinational oil companies working there.

存在著不信任。

Now, one woman and her plants are trying to fix the problem.

現在，一位女士正和她的植物一起試圖解決這個問題。

Eucharia Nwaichi is a biochemist from the University of Port Harcourt in Nigeria. 用詞

Eucharia Nwaichi 是奈及利亞哈科特港大學的生物化學家。

She uses phytoremediation to clean and protect the region's land and rivers.

她利用植物修復技術來清理和保護該地區的土地和河流。

Discussing Eucharia's work are Georgina Rannard from the BBC climate news team 文法

BBC 氣候新聞團隊的喬治娜·蘭納德

and Myra Anubi, presenter of BBC World Service program People Fixing the World.

以及 BBC 國際頻道《修復世界的人們》節目主持人邁拉·阿努比正在討論 Eucharia 的工作。

Eucharia is a specialist in phytoremediation. 片語搭配

Eucharia 是一位植物修復專家。

That word again.

又聽到這個詞了。

It basically means plants being used to clean up contaminated environments, right? 講解

它基本上是指利用植物來清理受污染的環境，對吧？

Right.

沒錯。

And when I met her recently in London,

我最近在倫敦見到她時，

she had just won the Maddox Prize. 文法

她剛獲得馬多克斯獎。

This is a prestigious award for scientists showing courage in the face of hostility. 講解

這是一個頒發給在敵意面前展現勇氣的科學家的著名獎項。

Now, the Niger Delta is a really dangerous and challenging place to work in. 文法

尼日河三角洲是一個工作起來非常危險且充滿挑戰的地方。

And despite personal risk to her safety, 文法

儘管自身安全面臨風險，

Eucharia has spent 20 years teaching communities there 文法

Eucharia 已經花了20年時間教導那裡的社區，

how these plants can suck up toxic oil from the ground 片語動詞

告訴他們這些植物如何從土壤中吸取有毒石油，

and bring their land back to life. 慣用語

並使他們的土地起死回生。

Eucharia's work won a prestigious scientific award.

Eucharia 的工作贏得了一項著名的科學獎項。

Prestigious means admired and well respected.

「Prestigious」的意思是備受讚譽和受人尊敬的。

The award recognized the personal risks Eukaria takes in her efforts to bring the land back to life.

該獎項認可了 Eucharia 在努力使土地恢復生機的過程中所承擔的個人風險。

If you bring something back to life,

如果你 bring something back to life（讓某物起死回生），

you make it come alive again

你的意思就是讓它再次變得生機勃勃，

or reanimate it after it has died.

或者在它死後讓它重新甦醒。

A big problem for climate scientists is being accepted and trusted by the people living in polluted places. 文法

氣候科學家面臨的一個大問題是獲得居住在受污染地區的人們的接納和信任。

But Eucharia has found a way to work with local communities. 片語搭配

但 Eucharia 找到了一種與當地社區合作的方法。

Listen to Georgina Rannard of BBC World Service's People Fixing the World,

聽聽 BBC 國際頻道《修復世界的人們》節目的喬治娜·蘭納德的說法，

who was followed by Eucharia Nwaichi herself.

隨後是 Eucharia Nwaichi 本人的發言。

Her success often comes from getting communities

她的成功往往歸功於讓那些

who have deep mistrust of outsiders after broken promises 片語搭配

在經歷了清理漏油的承諾被打破後

from companies to clean up the oil spills.

對外來者產生深深不信任的社區，

She gets them to trust her and then they take ownership 講解

她讓他們信任她，然後他們就開始主導

for the restoration of their land.

自己土地的修復工作。

And I think Eucharia's magic formula really relies on diplomacy, 講解

我認為 Eucharia 的神奇配方確實依賴於外交手腕、

trust, and actually charisma, 用詞

信任，還有個人魅力，

which is a very important quality.

這是非常重要的一項特質。

We have a leadership structure, 用詞

我們有一個領導架構，

so you have the chief,

比如酋長，

like traditional ruler, 文化背景

也就是傳統的統治者，

you have the women leader,

還有婦女領袖，

you have the youth leader,

以及青年領袖，

so you find out who those are

所以你要找出這些人是誰，

and inform them of what you want to do. 片語搭配

並告知他們你想要做什麼。

Local people's mistrust of big oil companies comes from their broken promises, 用詞

當地人對大型石油公司的不信任源於它們未兌現的承諾（broken promises），

times when they said they would definitely do something 文法

就是那些它們說過絕對會做某些事，

but then failed to.

但後來卻沒做到的情況。

Eucharia, on the other hand, 表達脈絡

另一方面，Eucharia

is trusted because she consults the community 用詞

受到信任是因為她與社區協商，

by speaking with local chiefs,

透過與當地酋長（chiefs）交談，

the rulers, or highest ranking leaders of a tribe. 片語搭配

即一個部落的統治者或最高階級領袖。

What's more, 表達脈絡

此外，

Eucharia has lots of charisma.

Eucharia 充滿了魅力（charisma）。

This personal characteristic is the natural ability to attract,

這種個人特質是一種能夠吸引、

influence, and inspire people.

影響和啟發他人的天賦。

Taken together, 表達脈絡

綜合起來，

these make Eucharia's approach a magic formula,

這些讓 Eucharia 的方法成為一個神奇配方（magic formula），

a combination of actions that is likely to result in success. 片語搭配

即極可能帶來成功的行動組合。

It's good to hear a positive environmental news story for once, 語氣意圖

難得聽到一則正面的環境新聞，這感覺真好，

isn't it, Neil?

不是嗎，尼爾？

But what's the science behind what Eucharia is doing? 用詞

但 Eucharia 所做的事情背後的科學原理是什麼呢？

How do plants clean up polluted environments?

植物是如何清理受污染環境的？

To find that out, 表達脈絡

為了找出答案，

I need to reveal the answer to my question.

我需要揭曉我剛才問題的答案了。

Right.

好的。

You asked me how plants clean up pollution through phytoremediation.

你問我植物是如何透過植物修復技術來清理污染的。

I said it was using their roots.

我說牠們是利用根部。

And that was the correct answer.

而這正是正確答案。

Okay, it's time to recap vocabulary we've learned from the program, 表達脈絡

好了，是時候回顧我們在節目中學到的詞彙了，

starting with the adjective prestigious,

從形容詞 prestigious 開始，

meaning admired and well respected.

意思是備受讚譽和受人尊敬的。

If you bring something back to life,

如果你 bring something back to life（讓某物起死回生），

you make it come alive again after being dead.

你就是讓它在死後再次活過來。

A broken promise is when you promise definitely to do something

A broken promise（未兌現的承諾）是指你確切地承諾會做某事，

but then fail to do what you said you would.

但隨後未能履行你所說的話。

A chief is the ruler of a tribe

A chief（酋長/首領）是一個部落的統治者

or the most important highest ranking leader of an organization.

或一個組織中最重要、最高階級的領導者。

Charisma is a special natural ability to attract,

Charisma（魅力）是一種能夠吸引、

influence, and inspire people.

影響和啟發他人的特殊天賦。

And finally,

最後，

the phrase a magic formula describes a combination of actions

a magic formula（神奇配方）這個片語描述的是一種行動的組合，

that is likely to result in success.

它極有可能帶來成功。

Once again,

再一次，

our 6 minutes are up.

我們的6分鐘時間到了。

Bye for now.

暫時再見。

Goodbye.

再見。

6 Minute English from the BBC.

BBC 6分鐘英語。