糖如何影響大腦 — 妮可・艾維納：英語精讀講義

例句開頭的 Picture 有什麼作用？

1. 它要聽眾觀察螢幕上已經出現的一張圖片。
2. 它邀請聽眾把這些食物想像成一幅生動的畫面。
3. 它要聽眾為這些食物拍照。

哪一句能自然描述一個人面對誘人食物時的反應？

1. The soup smells amazing, and my mouth is mouth-watering.
2. The soup smells amazing, and my mouth is watering.
3. The soup smells amazing, and my mouth is watering the soup.

哪一句自然地表達「現在非常想吃甜的東西」？

1. I want something sweet right now.
2. I'm craving something sweet right now.
3. I enjoy sweet foods.

哪一句使用了 make + 受詞 + 形容詞 + to 不定詞來描述某種效果？

1. Clear labels make these buttons easy to use.
2. Clear labels make these buttons work.
3. Clear labels let people use these buttons easily.

請用本課完整的定義句型補完句子：Biodiversity is ____ the variety of life on Earth.

下列哪一項正確解釋 a class of molecules called carbohydrates？

1. 打電話給碳水化合物的分子
2. 一類名稱為碳水化合物的分子
3. 一堂關於某個碳水化合物分子的課

用本課中表示「許多不同種類的」片語完成句子：The library offers ____ books for young readers.

用本課句型完成這個分類句：Email, phone calls, and video chats ____ communication.

使用 so + be 的倒裝結構，表達 Lena 的父母也準備好了：Lena is ready for the trip. ____ her parents。

選出能正確表達「米飯有一種用途，也會被加入另一道菜」的句子。

1. Rice is just served as a side dish. It isn't also added to soups.
2. Rice isn't just served as a side dish. It also adding to soups.
3. Rice isn't just served as a side dish. It's also added to soups.

哪一句用 since 引出得出結論的原因？

1. I've studied at home since the library closed.
2. Since the library is closed, we'll study at home.
3. The library has been closed since Monday.

請用 it's important to 和動詞原形 understand 完成句子：Before you agree, ____ the rules.

在句子 “The strong smell hit me as I opened the box,” 中，hit 是什麼意思？

1. 它用手揍了我一拳。
2. 那股氣味立刻被我察覺到了。
3. 它慢慢消失了。

用 a little bit of 完成句子：I need ____ help with this question.

請用 crave 的正確形式完成句子：The smell of popcorn can make you ____ a snack.

請用 take a bite of 完成句子：At lunch, Ben decided to ____ his sandwich before adding more sauce.

在科學文章中，應該如何分析名詞組合 air quality sensors？

1. 核心名詞是 air；quality sensors 表示空氣是電子的。
2. 核心名詞是 quality；sensors 說明空氣來自哪裡。
3. 核心名詞是 sensors；air quality 說明它們監測什麼。

用本課表示「將資訊傳向較高處」的準確結構完成句子：The basement sensor can ____ the receiver upstairs.

在「Near the lake, the trail forks off into two smaller paths.」中，forks off into 是什麼意思？

1. 這條小徑回到原本的起點。
2. 這條小徑變成一個用餐的地方。
3. 這條小徑分岔後延伸成兩條路。

請用表示「這一組中的一個」的三個單字關係片語完成句子：The library has four study rooms, ____ has a large screen.

用 in + our + case 組成的片語完成句子，把一般情況轉到這個團隊的特定情況：Most teams meet on Fridays, but ____, Monday works better.

哪一項最準確地解釋了 the brain's reward system？

1. 它是大腦存放實體獎品的地方。
2. 它是參與獎勵、動機與學習的腦內網路。
3. 它是控制味覺的一塊肌肉。

請用本課的目標片語完成英文句子：The workshop begins with ____ short demonstrations.

在這段解說中，'but it helps answer a single subconscious question:' 主要有什麼組織作用？

1. 它轉述某人大聲問出的一個問題。
2. 它把複雜機制濃縮成一個引導性問題。
3. 它以科學細節逐一列出網路的各個部分。

請用本課中表示「溫暖、安心情緒」的口語表達完成句子：Seeing the lost puppy safe at home again gave me ____.

“That yawn is your body saying, 'I need some rest'” 這句話是什麼意思？

1. 說話者正在引用另一個要求休息的人。
2. 打哈欠表示身體需要休息。
3. 身體會發出所有人都聽得到的真實聲音。

overactivating 一個系統是什麼意思？

1. 停止後再次活化
2. 活化程度超過正常或適當的水準
3. 活化程度低於所需水準

哪一句中的 kickstart 表示「為一個過程提供最初推力」？

1. The small grant kickstarted a year of neighborhood projects.
2. The small grant arrived after all the neighborhood projects had ended.
3. The small grant listed every neighborhood project.

在這組與成癮有關的表達中，increased tolerance to sugar 是什麼意思？

1. 變得更能接受吃糖的人
2. 完全失去品嚐甜味的能力
3. 需要攝取更多糖才能感受到相似的效果

請用正確的轉場語 Let's get back to 補完整句子：After that quick update, ____ our main question.

在對話中，And guess what? 通常表示什麼？

1. 說話者即將揭曉值得注意或令人意外的資訊。
2. 說話者正在宣布對話已經結束。
3. 說話者想要聽者計算出一個精確答案。

用強調助動詞完成這個對比：These sensors aren't cameras, but they ____ detect movement.

哪一句清楚使用 tell someone that X or that Y 列出兩則完整訊息？

1. The app tells you that the door is open or that the battery low.
2. The app tells you that the door is open or that the battery is low.
3. The app tells that you the door is open or that the battery is low.

用目標片語 deal with 完成句子：The manager called a meeting to ____ the customer complaint.

currency 在這句話中有什麼作用？

1. 它說出科學家使用的官方貨幣。
2. 它把多巴胺描述為獎勵系統中的核心媒介。
3. 它表示多巴胺是可以買到獎勵的金錢。

下列哪一句中的 or 引出的是解釋，而不是選擇？

1. Would you like tea or coffee?
2. We can meet on Tuesday or Wednesday.
3. Chlorophyll, or the green pigment that absorbs light, helps plants capture energy.

一個行政區擁有大多數醫院，而另外幾個行政區只有很少的醫院。哪一句最準確地描述這種情況？

1. The hospitals are evenly distributed across the city.
2. The hospitals are not yet counted across the city.
3. The hospitals are not evenly distributed across the city.

哪個片語可以自然地表示「許多細胞緊密地聚集成群」？

1. a single isolated cell
2. widely scattered cells
3. dense clusters of cells

例句中的 dopamine hotspots 是什麼意思？

1. 由多巴胺控制的無線網路存取點
2. 多巴胺訊號集中或特別活躍的腦區
3. 溫度比其他地方更高的腦區

用包含 overdrive 的固定片語完成句子：A sudden wave of orders sent the restaurant kitchen ____.

在討論成癮時，seek that high 是什麼意思？

1. 在愉快的一天後感到一般的開心。
2. 試圖再次體驗那種強烈的快感。
3. 試圖到達離地面更高的地方。

請用本課的固定片語完成改述：The trail is inaccessible. ____, we cannot use it.

用 delay 的被動不定詞完成句子：The storm caused the flight ____.

哪一句表示這種療法有效，但速度比預期慢？

1. The treatment works, though just as quickly as expected.
2. The treatment works, though not as quickly as expected.
3. The treatment works because it is quicker than expected.

請用表示「會引發壓力的」的 X-inducing 複合形容詞完成句子：The team prepared for several ____ situations.

請選出用來引出具體例子的連接語：Some fruits are rich in vitamin C. __, oranges contain a lot of it.

1. In other words
2. However
3. For example

選出正確使用 which probably explains why，把前面的事實和它可能解釋的情況連起來的句子。

1. The train was delayed, which probably explains why Nina arrived late.
2. The train was delayed, which probably explains Nina why arrived late.
3. The train was delayed, which probably explain why Nina arrived late.

使用動詞 try 和 get + person + to + verb 結構完成句子：We finally got Leo ____ the new dish.

請用 Speaking of 完成句子，自然轉入相關話題：We were just discussing vacations. ____ travel, have you renewed your passport?

請用 Let's say 完成句子，引入一個假設情境：____ your phone battery dies while you're away from home. What would you do?

哪一句最準確地表示公告發布後需求突然大幅上升？

1. Demand rose gradually over the next year.
2. Demand remained steady after the announcement.
3. Demand spiked immediately after the announcement.

用英文詞組 five days 和 in a row 完成句子，表示下雨中間一天都沒有停過：It rained for ____.

用表示「程度逐漸降低」的重複比較級表達補完句子：As the weeks passed, the medicine helped ____.

用表示「在變化後變得穩定」的雙字片語動詞補完句子：After rising for several hours, the temperature will eventually ____.

補上用來限定話題的片語：____ online safety, strong passwords matter.

用意思為「隨時間發展出格外留意某事的傾向」的表達完成句子：Some nocturnal animals ____ faint sounds at night.

用 go bad 的現在完成式完成句子：This milk smells sour, so it has ____.

用 much 和 easy 的比較級完成成對比較結構：The ____ you practice, the ____ the song becomes.

請用 keep + 受詞 + up 完成句子，表達「維持精力水準」：A healthy snack can help ____ during the hike.

請用 need to + be able to 完成這項工作要求：Lifeguards ____ swim well.

你想表示安全比價格重要，但不想說安全是所有問題中最重要的一項。哪一句最合適？

1. The bike is affordable. For example, it is safe.
2. The bike is affordable. More importantly, it is safe.
3. The bike is affordable. Most importantly, it is safe.

使用 need to + want to + keep + practice 的 -ing 形式完成句子：To improve at the piano, we ____ every day.

在 The dopamine levels off 中，levels off 的語法作用和意思是什麼？

1. 它屬於名詞片語 dopamine levels，其中 levels 是複數名詞。
2. 它是動詞片語，表示多巴胺反應變得平穩。
3. 它是動詞片語，表示多巴胺反應完全消失。

簡報者回答完一個臨時插入的問題後，想回到預算討論。哪一句轉場最自然？

1. Now the budget has been approved.
2. Now let's move on to a new topic.
3. Now back to the budget.

用 in place of 完成句子：We used a video call ____ an in-person meeting.

選擇表示「每一次」的片語：I only read ten pages ____, so the book takes several days.

1. at the time
2. at a time
3. many times

用能避免重複 price 的單數替代結構完成句子：The price of this bike is similar to ____ the red bike.

用 continue to feel 完成句子：Even after a year, volunteering will ____ rewarding.

哪一項使用 In this way 回指前面的方法，並引出其結果？

1. The app repeats difficult words. By the way, it helps users remember them.
2. The app repeats difficult words. In this way, it helps users remember them.
3. The app repeats difficult words. Either way, it helps users remember them.

判斷這個解讀是否正確：「Sugar behaves a little bit like a drug」表示糖和藥物在各方面都完全相同。

1. 正確
2. 不正確

使用完整目標片語，保守地表示 Maya 非常迷這款遊戲：Maya ____ the new puzzle game.

哪一句是在請某人回想一段已經發生的經歷？

1. Think back to your first day at this school.
2. Think of a plan for tomorrow.
3. Think about which school you might choose next year.

請用本講解中的時間表達和 press 的現在式被動形式完成句子：____ the button ____, the light turns on.

請用本講解中表示「啟動一連串彼此相連的後果」的表達完成句子：One small coding error can ____ throughout the system.

哪一句自然地使用 spark 來表示「使某件事開始發生」？

1. The discovery reduced widespread interest in the project.
2. The discovery described widespread interest in the project.
3. The discovery sparked widespread interest in the project.

請用一個同時表示「數量過多」和「頻率過高」的精簡片語完成警告：Ice cream now and then is fine, but having ____ can become a problem.

用 go into overdrive 的過去式完成句子：When orders suddenly doubled, the small kitchen ____.

哪一項解釋最符合標示表達審慎而正式的含義？

1. 這句話表示，任何分量的糖都一定會讓每個人上癮。
2. 這句話表示，過量攝取糖分可能會產生與成癮有關的影響。
3. 這句話表示，大腦會製造糖來產生一種成癮性影響。

哪一句最恰當地用這個表達給出平衡、低風險的安慰？

1. Having a small dessert at every meal won't hurt.
2. Having one peanut cookie once in a while won't hurt, even if you have a severe peanut allergy.
3. Having a small dessert once in a while won't hurt.