為什麼鐵達尼號仍沉睡在海底？：英語精讀講義

This episode is brought to you by Skillshare.

本期節目由Skillshare贊助播出。

The first 1,000 people to sign up using the link in the description

前1000名使用簡介中連結註冊的用戶

will get their first two months free.

將獲得前兩個月免費的優惠。

On April 15th, 1912 at 2:20 in the morning,

1912年4月15日凌晨2點20分，

the British ocean liner Titanic disappeared into the depths of the North Atlantic Ocean

英國遠洋客輪鐵達尼號消失在了北大西洋的深海中，

about 400 mi south of Newfoundland, Canada.

大致位於加拿大紐芬蘭以南約400英里處。

It took 3,000 men 2 years to build this massive ship.

建造這艘巨輪花費了3000名工人2年的時間。

Its huge hull was held together by 3 million rivets

其龐大的船體由300萬個鉚釘固定連接，

and it could transport 2,200 passengers and crew.

能夠搭載2200名乘客和船員。

But having struck an iceberg, 文法

但在撞上冰山後，

the ship took on water before sinking 12,600 ft to the dark depths, 片語動詞

這艘船開始進水，最終沉入12600英尺的黑暗深淵，

never to be fully salvaged. 文法

再也未能被完全打撈。

Today, we ask why.

今天，我們要探尋其中的原因。

In this episode of The Infographics Show,

在本期《The Infographics Show》中，

why is Titanic still at the bottom of the ocean?

為什麼鐵達尼號至今仍在海底？

Before we answer this question, 表達脈絡

在回答這個問題之前，

let's first look at what we know about Titanic's last few days at sea.

讓我們先看看鐵達尼號在海上的最後幾天發生了什麼。

On April 10th, the RMS Titanic departed Southampton, England

4月10日，鐵達尼號駛離英國南安普敦，

on its maiden voyage across the Atlantic Ocean. 片語搭配

開始了橫跨大西洋的處女航。

The Titanic was designed by the Irish shipbuilder Thomas Andrews

鐵達尼號由愛爾蘭造船工程師Thomas Andrews設計，

and it was owned by Bruce Ismay.

歸Bruce Ismay所有。

It was thought to be unsinkable. 文法

它曾被認為是永不沉沒的。

The ship traveled to Cherbourg, France and Queenstown, Ireland

這艘船先航行至法國瑟堡和愛爾蘭昆士敦

to pick up some passengers before setting out into the Atlantic 片語動詞

接上了部分乘客，然後駛入大西洋，

full steam ahead to New York. 慣用語

全速開往紐約。

On its first journey across the highly competitive Atlantic ferry route,

在競爭激烈的大西洋渡輪航線上的首次航行中，

the ship carried some 2,200 passengers and crew.

該船搭載了約2200名乘客和船員。

Just before midnight on April 14th,

就在4月14日午夜前，

the Titanic collided with an iceberg

鐵達尼號撞上了一座冰山，

which smashed into at least five of its hull compartments.

冰山撞破了至少五個船體水密艙。

As these compartments filled with water,

隨著這些水密艙被水注滿，

the bow of the ship was pulled down until it was almost vertical.

船首被不斷向下拉扯，直到幾乎垂直。

Then the Titanic broke in half before sinking to its end.

接著，鐵達尼號斷成兩截，最終沉沒。

More than 1,500 people died,

超過1500人喪生，

either by being dragged down with the ship or freezing to death in the icy North Atlantic waters. 講解

他們要么被船體一同拖入海底，要么在冰冷的北大西洋海水中凍死。

It took nearly an hour and a half for help to arrive, 文法

救援在一個半小時後才抵達，

but more than 700 people were saved.

但仍有700多人獲救。

Most of those survivors were women and children.

這些倖存者中大多數是婦女和兒童。

Millvina Dean was the last living survivor of the Titanic.

Millvina Dean是鐵達尼號最後一位在世的倖存者。

She passed away on May 31st, 2009. 片語動詞

她於2009年5月31日去世。

Millvina was just 9 weeks old when the Titanic sank.

鐵達尼號沉沒時，Millvina只有9週大。

So, what do we know about the wreck remains of this big vessel?

那麼，關於這艘巨輪的殘骸，我們都知道些什麼？

Firstly, we've already mentioned that the ship sank to 12,600 ft.

首先，我們已經提到，這艘船沉入到了12600英尺的海底。

That's a long way down.

那可是很深的距離。

In fact, it's over 2 mi at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean.

事實上，它位於大西洋海底超過2英里的深處。

It's pitch black and hard to access with extremely high water pressure. 講解

那裡伸手不見五指，極高的水壓讓人難以靠近。

The ship also snapped into two pieces

這艘船還斷成了兩截，

which actually lay 1,970 ft apart from one another on the ocean floor.

在海底，這兩部分實際上相距1970英尺。

The New York Times ran an article about an expedition run by Dr. Robert D. Ballard to find the wreck. 用詞

《紐約時報》曾發表過一篇關於Robert D. Ballard博士帶領探險隊尋找殘骸的報導。

It took 11 dives to locate the debris,

他們潛水11次才找到碎片，

but the remains of Titanic were located on July 14th, 1986,

但鐵達尼號的殘骸最終於1986年7月14日被發現，

74 years after it sank.

此時距其沉沒已經過去了74年。

On completing the mission, 文法

在完成任務後，

Ballard was quoted as saying, 片語搭配

Ballard被引述說道：

"I feel very confident the Titanic will never be raised.

"我非常確信鐵達尼號永遠不會被完全打撈上來。

It would be impossible to pull it out of the bottom.

把它從海底拉上來是不可能的。

Extensive rust has left the Titanic very fragile," he said. 文法

嚴重的生鏽使鐵達尼號變得非常脆弱，"他說。

"Its stern section,

"它的船尾部分，

a shambles of wreckage, 用詞

簡直是一片狼藉的廢墟，

is about 2,000 ft astern of the bow half. 用詞

在船首一半後方大約2000英尺處。

Why the two parts are so widely separated remains a mystery."

為什麼這兩部分分離得如此之遠仍然是個謎。"

Following Ballard's discovery,

在Ballard的發現之後，

there were a number of other trips and between July and September 1987,

又進行了多次探索，在1987年7月至9月期間，

an expedition mounted by I.F. and a consortium of American investors 片語搭配

由I.F.和一個美國投資者財團發起的探險隊

made 32 dives to Titanic using the submersible Nautile.

使用Nautile號潛水器對鐵達尼號進行了32次下潛。

Somewhat controversially, 表達脈絡

這引發了一些爭議，

they recovered and brought ashore more than 1,800 objects. 片語搭配

他們打撈並帶回了1800多件物品。

Then in 1996,

後來在1996年，

there was an ambitious attempt to raise a section of Titanic itself,

有人雄心勃勃地嘗試打撈鐵達尼號本體的一段，

a section of the outer hull

那是一段外部船體，

that originally comprised part of the wall of two first class cabins 用詞

最初包含兩個頭等艙的部分牆壁，

on C deck extending down to D deck.

從C甲板一直延伸到D甲板。

It weighed 20 tons,

它重達20噸，

measured 15 by 25 ft,

尺寸為15乘25英尺，

and had four portholes in it.

上面有四個舷窗。

British newspaper The Independent

英國報紙《The Independent》

reported that the high-tech expedition to raise the Titanic

報導稱，這次試圖打撈鐵達尼號的高科技探險行動

used flotation bags filled with diesel fuel,

使用了裝滿柴油的浮力袋，

which is lighter than water and could withstand the high pressure found at such depths. 片語搭配

柴油比水輕，能夠承受如此深度的巨大水壓。

Over a 6-day period,

在6天的時間裡，

the so-called lift bags were attached to the section of the hull 用詞

這些所謂的浮力袋被固定在這段船體上，

with specially constructed cables.

使用的是專門製造的纜繩。

But when the bags were jettisoned to begin gently lifting the hull to the surface, 用詞

但當拋放袋子開始將船體緩緩升至水面時，

only four of the six successfully launched.

六個袋子中只有四個成功展開。

To salvage the mission, 慣用語

為了挽救這次任務，

a submersible equipped with mechanical arms,

一台配備了機械臂的潛水器

which was owned by the French government,

（由法國政府所有）

was brought in to save the day. 講解

被調來救場。

Former astronaut Edwin Buzz Aldrin even joined the crew to add additional expertise.

前太空人Edwin Buzz Aldrin甚至加入了團隊，以提供額外的專業知識。

The crew succeeded

團隊成功了，

and the huge section of the ship was lifted more than 2 mi from the seabed

船體的巨大部分從海底被拉升了2英里多，

by the flotation balloons.

靠的就是那些浮力氣球。

Onlookers paid as much as $6,000 to view the expedition from two ships nearby.

旁觀者支付了高達6000美元的費用，在附近的兩艘船上觀看這次探險行動。

So, the Titanic has not been fully recovered,

所以，鐵達尼號雖然沒有被完全打撈，

but then a big section has been,

但也打撈上來了一大塊，

which in itself is quite an achievement. 片語搭配

這本身就是一個了不起的成就。

Is there still a chance to go back and recover more of the shipwreck?

還有機會再回去打撈更多沉船殘骸嗎？

Maybe not.

也許沒有了。

Earlier this year,

今年早些時候，

the BBC reported that the hull might eventually disappear altogether

BBC報導稱，船體最終可能會完全消失，

as scientists have said that a species of bacteria is slowly eating away its iron construction. 片語動詞

因為科學家們表示，一種細菌正在慢慢侵蝕其鋼鐵結構。

However, if you have enough spare cash, 片語搭配

然而，如果你有足夠的閒錢，

there will soon be a once-in-a-lifetime tourist opportunity to glide around the Titanic's wreck. 片語搭配

很快就會有一個千載難逢的旅遊機會，可以去鐵達尼號的殘骸周圍滑翔參觀。

American company OceanGate is planning to dive to the wreck site in 2019.

美國公司OceanGate計劃在2019年下潛到殘骸地點。

The first voyage is already fully booked 片語搭配

首航已經訂滿，

at a hefty price tag of over $105,000 per person. 片語搭配

票價高達每人超過105000美元。

And the Bluefish,

而Bluefish，

a self-described experiential concierge firm, 用詞

一家自稱「體驗式禮賓」的公司，

is also planning Titanic trips around the same time.

也計劃在同一時間組織鐵達尼號之旅。

So, at least there's a chance to get a glimpse 片語搭配

所以，至少還有機會去看一眼，

before she disappears forever. 文化背景

在它永遠消失之前。

We hope you enjoyed this special episode of The Infographics Show

我們希望你喜歡這期《The Infographics Show》特別節目

and the more involved animation.

以及更加精良的動畫效果。

If you were ever curious about how animation like this is done,

如果你對這樣的動畫是如何製作的感到好奇，

we suggest taking a class over at Skillshare called Animating with Ease in After Effects.

我們建議你去Skillshare上參加一門叫做「Animating with Ease in After Effects」的課程。

The class focuses on how to prep for animation,

該課程的重點是如何為動畫做準備、

lay out your objects,

佈置你的對象、

ease the motion,

使運動更平滑、

and more.

以及更多內容。

This is just one of the many classes offered by Skillshare.

這只是Skillshare提供的眾多課程之一。

In fact, they offer over 20,000.

事實上，他們提供超過20000門課程。

If animation isn't what you're interested in,

如果你對動畫不感興趣，

Skillshare offers classes in other categories such as finance,

Skillshare還提供其他類別的課程，如金融、

web development, film production,

網頁開發、電影製作、

and writing.

和寫作。

The first 1,000 people to sign up by visiting skillshare.com/infographics24

前1000名訪問skillshare.com/infographics24

or clicking the link in the description

或點擊簡介中連結進行註冊的用戶

will receive 2 months of Skillshare absolutely free.

將獲得絕對免費的2個月Skillshare體驗。

Join Skillshare and start learning today.

立即加入Skillshare開始學習吧。

Is it worth paying more than $100,000 to see the Titanic?

花超過10萬美元去看鐵達尼號值得嗎？

Let us know your thoughts in the comments.

請在評論區告訴我們你的想法。

Also, be sure to check out our other video called

另外，也一定要看看我們其他的影片，比如

What actually happens in the Bermuda Triangle.

《百慕達三角到底發生了什麼》。

Thanks for watching

感謝收看，

and as always,

一如既往，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

別忘了按讚、分享和訂閱。

See you next time.

我們下次見。