持不同意見可以嗎？⏲️ 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

來自 bbclearningenglish.com 的《6分鐘英語》。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，這裡是 BBC Learning English 的《6分鐘英語》。

I'm Neil.

我是 Neil。

And I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

Neil, when you're chatting with friends, 片語搭配

Neil，當你在跟朋友聊天時，

do you usually have the same or different opinion

對於世界上正在發生的事情，

on things going on in the world? 片語動詞

你們通常是意見相同還是相左？

Ooh, well,

哦，這個嘛，

that's interesting.

這挺有趣的。

I think I probably have quite similar opinions

我覺得我的看法可能通常和他們滿相似的，

and that's kind of why we're friends. 語氣意圖

這也許就是我們能成為朋友的原因吧。

Ah, well,

啊，也是，

we might like to believe that we're accepting and tolerant of others' beliefs. 講解

我們可能願意相信自己對別人的信仰是接納和寬容的。

But for many people,

但對許多人來說，

it can be difficult to communicate with people 文法

要和別人交流，可能會很困難，

who have very different opinions to our own. 用詞

如果對方的意見與我們截然不同。

And this lack of acceptance 片語搭配

而這種接納度的缺乏，

could be increasing with our use of social media.

可能會隨著我們使用社群媒體而加劇。

For example,

例如，

algorithms tend to show us what we already like and agree with. 文法

演算法往往會向我們推播我們已經喜歡並認同的內容。

Of course,

當然，

we can't always agree with everyone else.

我們不可能總是和所有人意見一致。

We all have personal opinions and beliefs

在宗教和政治等話題上，

on topics like religion and politics. 文化背景

我們都有個人的觀點和信仰。

But some worry that it's becoming more and more common 講解

但有些人擔心，越來越普遍的現象是，

to react with violence when they disagree 片語搭配

當人們意見不合時，會用暴力來回應，

than to solve disagreements together peacefully.

而不是和平地共同解決分歧。

So are we becoming a more divided society? 用詞

那麼，我們是否正在變成一個更加分裂的社會呢？

Divided means in disagreement with and separated from others, 用詞

「Divided」（分裂的）的意思是與他人意見不合、相互分離，

to not be together.

無法團結在一起。

And how can we be more accepting and open to the opinions of others? 片語搭配

而我們要如何才能更加接納並對別人的意見保持開放呢？

That's what we'll be discussing in this program. 表達脈絡

這就是我們本集節目要討論的內容。

And as usual,

像往常一樣，

we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases.

我們還會學習一些實用的新單字和片語。

Remember,

記住，

you can find all the vocabulary from this program on our website,

你可以在我們的網站上找到本集節目的所有單字，

bbclearningenglish.com.

網址是 bbclearningenglish.com。

But first,

但首先，

I have a question for you, Beth.

我有個問題想問你，Beth。

According to a recent Ipsos poll, 片語搭配

根據益普索（Ipsos）最近的一項民意調查，

what percentage of the British population

英國人口中有多少比例

believes society is divided?

認為社會正在分裂？

Is it A) 20%,

是 A) 20%，

B) 50%,

B) 50%，

or C) 80%?

還是 C) 80%？

Oh,

噢，

I'm going to say 50%. 語氣意圖

我猜是 50%。

Well,

好的，

we'll find out the answer later in the program. 片語動詞

我們稍後會在節目中揭曉答案。

Paul Dolan,

倫敦政經學院行為科學教授

professor of behavioral science at the London School of Economics,

保羅·多蘭（Paul Dolan）

thinks we should learn how to control our emotions 文法

認為，我們應該學會在意見不合時控制自己的情緒，

and be open to discussions when we disagree. 片語搭配

並對討論保持開放態度。

Here,

在這裡，

he explains more about how to do this

他在 BBC 世界頻道《All in the Mind》節目中，

on BBC World Service program All in the Mind.

進一步解釋了如何做到這一點。

Generally,

一般來說，

We're going to be making better decisions 文法

如果我們冷靜下來，做出的決定會更好，

and more respectfully if we calm down. 片語動詞

並且也會更尊重他人。

It takes 15 minutes when you're proper aroused 講解

當你真正處於激動狀態時，

for the amygdala to calm down. 文化背景

大腦杏仁核需要 15 分鐘才能平復。

But within a few seconds,

但在幾秒鐘內，

it can start calming down, right?

它就可以開始平復，對吧？

You take a deep breath and you start feeling calmer. 片語搭配

你深吸一口氣，就開始覺得平靜些了。

It's not to say that always being calm is good. 表達脈絡

這並不是說總是保持平靜就好。

Anger can be motivational 用詞

憤怒也可以是一種動力，

and positive emotions actually can be very good for us.

而且積極的情緒實際上對我們非常有好處。

Generally,

總的來說，

people make better decisions

當人們更開心的時候，他們做出的決定更好，

and are more engaging and more open when they're happier.

而且也更具吸引力和更開放。

But much of the time it will be just a case of calming down 片語搭配

但在大多數情況下，只要冷靜下來就好，

to try and take some of the heat out of the environment. 慣用語

試著給當下的環境降一降溫。

Paul thinks we should take time to calm down

保羅認為我們應該花點時間冷靜下來，

when we feel aroused, 用詞

當我們感到「aroused」（被激起）時，

which here means to feel anger or strong disagreement. 表達脈絡

在這裡意思是感到憤怒或強烈的不滿。

He said it takes 15 minutes for the amygdala,

他說，杏仁核需要15分鐘，

the part of the brain that experiences emotions,

也就是大腦中體驗情緒的部分，

to calm down when we're aroused.

才能在我們處於激動狀態時平復下來。

While anger can be motivational, 文法

雖然憤怒可以是一種動力，

make us more determined and enthusiastic, 文法

能讓我們更有決心和熱情，

Paul says people can speak more openly when they're happier,

但保羅說，當人們更快樂的時候，能夠更坦誠地交流，

when heat is taken out of the environment.

也就是當環境中的火氣被消除的時候。

Heat in this context means an intense feeling, 用詞

在這裡的「Heat」（熱度）指的是一種強烈的情感，

like anger.

比如憤怒。

Now,

那麼，

one recent dating experiment

最近有一項約會實驗

looked into what people say they want in an ideal partner, 講解

調查人們表示自己希望理想伴侶具備什麼條件，

according to their dating profile. 文化背景

依據的是他們的約會檔案。

Researchers found that many single people

研究人員發現許多單身人士

included details on things like what they want their partner to look like, 文法

寫下了他們希望伴侶長什麼樣、

their height,

身高多少、

the political party they vote for, 文化背景

投給哪個政黨等細節，

but many also say they want a partner

但很多人也表示他們想要一個

who is open-minded and tolerant of different views. 用詞

思想開明且能包容不同觀點的伴侶。

If you are open-minded,

如果你是「open-minded」（思想開明的），

you're willing to listen to and consider new ideas. 片語搭配

就意味著你願意傾聽並考慮新想法。

However,

然而，

the researchers concluded

研究人員得出的結論是，

that while people want a partner to be open-minded and tolerant, 文法

雖然人們希望伴侶思想開明並包容，

they don't want to be very open-minded themselves.

但他們並不希望自己太過於開明。

So how can we be more open to getting to know people 片語搭配

那麼，我們怎樣才能更加敞開心扉去認識

that we might disagree with? 片語搭配

那些我們可能意見不合的人呢？

Here's Paul Dolan again,

保羅·多蘭再次作客

talking to presenter Claudia Hammond

BBC 世界頻道的《All in the Mind》節目，

of BBC World Service's All in the Mind.

與主持人克勞迪婭·哈蒙德交談。

So I guess one very obvious answer

我想一個非常顯而易見的答案

is to get offline. 用詞

就是遠離網路。

I mean, 語氣意圖

我的意思是，

to actually just get out more and meet people 片語搭配

真正地多出去走走，去認識人，

because it's what political scientists think is the silver bullet.

因為這正是政治學家認為的「銀彈」（萬靈丹）。

You know,

你知道，

the more you're around people that are different, 文法

你越多地和不同的人在一起，

the more you realize that actually they're not that different 用詞

你就越會意識到其實他們並沒有那麼不同，

and you become more tolerant and open-minded.

你也就會變得更加包容和思想開明。

So being around people that are different,

因此，去和那些與你不同的人待在一起，

I think that's probably the way that we're going to tackle that problem. 片語搭配

我認為這可能就是我們解決那個問題的方法。

Paul says political scientists think

保羅說政治學家認為

the silver bullet is to get offline and meet people. 慣用語

那顆「銀彈」就是放下網路，去和人見面。

A silver bullet means a simple solution

「A silver bullet」的意思是對一個複雜問題

to a complicated problem.

給出的簡單解決方案。

By meeting people who have different opinions and beliefs to you, 文法

透過去見那些與你觀點和信仰不同的人，

the more you'll realize they're not that different to you at all. 語氣意圖

你會越來越意識到他們和你其實並沒有什麼不同。

And that could make you more accepting

這會讓你變得更加包容，

and lead to a society that is less divided. 片語搭配

並促成一個少一點分裂的社會。

And speaking of divided, 表達脈絡

說到分裂，

isn't it time you revealed the answer to your question, Neil? 語氣意圖

Neil，是時候公佈你那個問題的答案了吧？

Yes,

是的，

I asked what percentage of the British population

我問過英國人口中有多大比例

believes society is divided,

認為社會正在分裂，

according to a recent poll by the organization Ipsos.

這是根據益普索組織最近的一項民調得出的。

I said 50%.

我猜的是 50%。

Was that correct?

對嗎？

It was not correct.

不對。

It is in fact 80%. 表達脈絡

實際上是 80%。

Wow,

哇，

that's a lot.

那可真多。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned in this program,

讓我們複習一下在這個節目中學到的單字，

starting with divided,

從「divided」開始，

which means in disagreement,

意思是意見不合，

not together.

無法團結在一起。

Aroused means

「Aroused」的意思是

feel a strong emotion like anger.

感受到如憤怒般的強烈情緒。

If something is motivational,

如果某事物是「motivational」（有激勵作用的），

it makes us determined and enthusiastic.

它會讓我們變得有決心且充滿熱情。

Heat means

「Heat」意思是

an intense feeling like anger.

一種如憤怒般的強烈感覺。

If you are open-minded,

如果你是「open-minded」（思想開明的），

you are willing to listen to and consider new ideas.

你願意傾聽並考慮新的想法。

And finally,

最後，

a silver bullet means

「a silver bullet」的意思是

a simple solution to a complicated problem.

對複雜問題的簡單解決方案。

Once again,

再一次，

our 6 minutes are up.

我們的 6 分鐘時間到了。

If you've enjoyed this

如果你喜歡這個

program, why not try practicing the new vocabulary you've learnt 語氣意圖

節目，為什麼不嘗試用你學到的新單字進行練習呢？

with our worksheets?

可以搭配我們的練習表。

It's available to download now from our website, 片語搭配

現在就可以從我們的網站上下載，

bbclearningenglish.com.

網址是 bbclearningenglish.com。

And you could also try out the 片語動詞

你在訪問網站時也可以嘗試一下

quiz while you're there.

我們的小測驗。

Goodbye for now.

暫時說到這裡，再見。

Goodbye.

再見。

6 Minute English

《6分鐘英語》

from bbclearningenglish.com.

來自 bbclearningenglish.com。