飛機到底是如何飛行的？ - 雷蒙德·阿德金斯：英語精讀講義

哪一句把 2020 年當作截止點，並表示博物館的目錄到那時已經完成？

1. By 2020, the museum had completed its catalog.
2. In 2020, the museum completed its catalog.
3. Until 2020, the museum worked on its catalog.

用 leave 的過去完成式完成句子：When Maya reached the station, the train ____.

一篇文章寫道：「In 2020, the company reported record profits.」哪個後續句子既回指同一年，又引出轉折？

1. But that year, it also closed three factories.
2. For example, the company sold more products.
3. The following year, it opened a new office.

使用 be based on 的正確現在式完成句子：The report ____ interviews with 50 residents.

某個解釋涵蓋了要求的每一點，但有幾項事實是錯的。哪一句最準確地指出問題？

1. The explanation is insufficient.
2. The explanation is inaccurate.
3. The explanation is accurate but incomplete.

請用 still 和 circulate 的正確形式完成句子：Old rumors ____ online today.

哪個問題最直接詢問「我們的推理從哪一步開始出錯」？

1. Where did the hikers take a wrong turn?
2. Where did our reasoning go wrong?
3. What went wrong during the meeting?

哪個句子先承認人們通常沒有注意到某件事，再正確提出主要主張？

1. Though we do not usually notice it, background noise can affect concentration.
2. Though we do not usually notice it, but background noise can affect concentration.
3. Because we do not usually notice it, background noise can affect concentration.

用本課中表示「從這個角度看」的正確說法完成句子：____: a calendar is a map of your time.

在這個科學敘述中，fluid 是什麼意思：Air is a fluid medium.

1. 它只指液體。
2. 它描述能保持自身形狀的固體。
3. 它描述能夠流動的物質，包括氣體。

用 less、dense 和 than 這三個字完成比較：Cork is ____ glass.

哪一句使用「名詞 + that 關係子句 + 主要子句述語」的結構來限定一類事物並說明其性質？

1. Materials that resist heat are useful in kitchens.
2. Heat-resistant materials are useful in kitchens.
3. Materials are useful because they resist heat.

哪一句用 while 對比兩類事物，而不是表示兩件事同時發生？

1. Please wait while I check your ticket.
2. She listened to music while she cleaned her room.
3. Some birds migrate, while others stay year-round.

哪一句使用 lift 的空氣動力學含義，並說明它的作用？

1. Maya gave me a lift to the station.
2. Lift is the upward force that helps an aircraft stay aloft.
3. We took the lift to the tenth floor.

使用 generate 的現在簡單式被動語態，並加入 mostly：At this school, electricity ____ rooftop solar panels.

哪一句清楚點出了一個作者可以先提出、再加以反駁的觀點？

1. Earth follows an orbit around the Sun.
2. One common misconception about seasons is that they are caused only by Earth's distance from the Sun.
3. Seasons affect weather in many different ways.

哪一句對 pervasive 的使用最自然？

1. Misinformation is pervasive across several online communities.
2. This singer is pervasive because many people like her.
3. I bought a pervasive notebook at the store.

在這句話中，longer path or equal transit time explanation 指的是什麼？

1. 一種測量飛機完成一次旅程需要多長時間的方法。
2. 一種有缺陷的理論，聲稱機翼上方和下方的空氣必須同時抵達機翼後緣。
3. 一條公認的規則，認為每個機翼都有兩條長度完全相同的路徑。

請用 state that 的單數主詞形式完成句子：The notice ____ the pool closes at 7 p.m.

哪一句用 -ing 片語修飾前面的名詞，同時保留了獨立的主要動詞？

1. Students are carrying heavy backpacks after class.
2. Students carrying heavy backpacks may use the elevator.
3. Carrying heavy backpacks can be tiring for students.

本句中標示的比較結構是什麼意思？

1. 下方的空氣分子停止移動，而上方的繼續移動。
2. 上方的空氣分子比下方的空氣分子移動得更遠。
3. 上方的空氣分子覆蓋的表面比下方的更大。

請用 split off from 的正確形式完成句子：During the hike, Maya ____ the main group to take a shorter trail.

使用 For X to happen, Y must happen 這個結構完成新句子：____ the plants ____ healthy, they must get enough light.

使用 create 的 -ing 形式表示結果：The new road reduced travel time, ____ easier access to the village.

在本句中，a pocket of lower pressure 是什麼意思？

1. 一個壓力低於周圍環境的小範圍局部區域。
2. 一個裝有空氣的衣服口袋。
3. 一種測量壓力的工具。

哪一項最準確地說明 The explanation has been thoroughly debunked？

1. 證據已顯示這個解釋是錯的。
2. 有些人只是不同意這個解釋。
3. 這個解釋還沒有經過檢驗。

用表示「分開後再次會合」的片語完成句子：We can split up to visit different rooms and ____ at the front desk at noon.

哪一個續句使用 In reality 來修正前面提出的印象？

1. The device looks simple. Meanwhile, the store is closing.
2. The device looks simple. For example, it has a blue case.
3. The device looks simple. In reality, it contains hundreds of tiny parts.

請用 much 和 fast 的比較級完成句子：The express bus reached the station ____ than the local bus.

請用 get、sense 和 of 完成目的片語：To ____ how the recycling machine sorts plastic, let's watch it in slow motion.

例句中的 let's 主要有什麼作用？

1. 它命令每位觀眾建造並移動真正的機翼。
2. 它引導觀眾進入下一段示範。
3. 它詢問說話者是否可以離開。

在「As Leo walks along the beach, he takes photos of the birds,」中，As 表示什麼？

1. 走路是迫使他拍照的原因。
2. 這句話把 Leo 比作一隻鳥。
3. 他走路和拍照發生在同一段時間內。

在這段過程說明中，開頭的 As 子句有什麼作用？

1. 它表示空氣和機翼正在進行社交會面。
2. 它只說明原因，完全不涉及過程發生的時間。
3. 它說明空氣何時接觸機翼表面，並引出接下來的變化。

哪個句子中的 stick to 和例句一樣表示物理附著？

1. A thin film of oil stuck to the glass.
2. Please stick to the safety rules.
3. Leo stuck to his practice schedule.

請用一個由兩個單字組成的片語完成句子，表示箱子跟著單數的輸送帶一起移動：The moving belt pulled the boxes ____.

請用 split into 的正確形式完成句子：At the fork, the trail ____ two paths.

哪一句中的 follow 表示「沿著某種形狀移動或延伸」？

1. The reporter follows the latest news.
2. The child follows her teacher into the room.
3. The road follows the contour of the hillside.

對這個句子的哪一項分析是正確的？

1. 因為句子以 As 開頭，所以它沒有主要子句。
2. 主要子句從「that's routed」開始。
3. 主要子句從「it experiences」開始。

請用 make one's way 的過去式完成句子：The hikers slowly ____ around the fallen trees.

在句子 "The ball experiences centripetal acceleration as it turns," 中，標示的表達是什麼意思？

1. 它的加速度指向彎曲路徑的中心，並改變速度的方向。
2. 它的加速度直接指向遠離彎曲路徑中心的方向。
3. 如果速率保持不變，它就沒有加速度。

短語「the force you also feel in a sharply turning car」在這段說明中的主要作用是什麼？

1. 它聲稱汽車和機翼使用完全相同的機制。
2. 它把抽象的科學概念和熟悉的日常感受連結起來。
3. 它具體解釋了汽車轉彎的技術原理。

在這句話中，therefore 向讀者說明了什麼？

1. 它表示速度差和另一件事同時發生。
2. 它表示速度差是前面某個原因造成的結果。
3. 它表示速度差只是在之後發生。

請用 be coupled with 的簡單過去式完成句子：During the study, higher temperatures ____ lower rainfall.

哪一個句子正確使用「逗號 + which」來指前面的情況並補充結果？

1. The road was blocked, which caused a long delay.
2. The road was blocked, which it caused a long delay.
3. The road was blocked, who caused a long delay.

兩個團隊同時工作。哪一句正確地把焦點轉向第二個團隊的平行任務？

1. The front team tested the engine; therefore, the rear team checked the brakes.
2. The front team tested the engine; afterward, the rear team checked the brakes.
3. The front team tested the engine; meanwhile, the rear team checked the brakes.

溫室整夜保留了熱量。哪個後續句既標示結果，又用 that 避免重複 temperature？

1. The temperature inside is thus higher than the temperature outside.
2. The temperature inside is thus higher than that outside.
3. The temperature inside is meanwhile higher than that outside.

請用 result 和正確的介系詞完成句子，讓原因在前、結果在後：A blocked drain can ____ serious flooding.

哪一句正確使用了連動變化結構，表示準備得越仔細，就越有自信？

1. The more carefully you prepare, the more confident you become.
2. More carefully you prepare, the more confident you become.
3. The more carefully you prepare, more confident you become.

用目標連接詞 once 完成句子，並注意句首大寫：____ the battery is fully charged, the light will turn green.

哪一句中的 takes off 表示飛行器離開地面？

1. The pilot takes his jacket off before lunch.
2. The mechanic takes a panel off the engine.
3. The helicopter takes off from the hospital roof.

哪一項說明最能解釋例句中 but 的作用？

1. 它表示彎曲的機翼無法產生升力。
2. 它只是補充一項關於彎曲機翼的事實，沒有修正任何內容。
3. 它先承認觀察到的現象，再否定由此得出的因果結論。

人們常以為博物館星期一休館。哪一句最適合引出「其實有開館」這項修正事實？

1. For example, it is open from ten to four.
2. In fact, it is open from ten to four.
3. Meanwhile, it is open from ten to four.

哪一種理解正確連結了標示內容中的所有部分？

1. 平直機翼向上傾斜，而且它也能產生升力。
2. 平直機翼在產生升力後，另外做了一個向上傾斜的動作。
3. 升力向上傾斜，並產生了平直機翼。

哪一句中的 as long as 表示「只要、在此條件下」？

1. You can borrow my bike as long as you wear a helmet.
2. The rope is as long as the hallway.
3. We waited as long as two hours.

哪一句既讓 contribute 和 reinforce 共用句末的名詞片語，又正確保留各自的搭配？

1. The feedback loop is contributing and reinforcing to the problem.
2. The feedback loop is contributing to and reinforcing the problem.
3. The feedback loop is contributing to and reinforcing to the problem.

例句中的 Meanwhile 有什麼作用？

1. 它引出一項需要和前面要點一起考量的相對風險。
2. 它表示這項風險只有在前面的事件結束後才開始。
3. 它把這句話當成由前面要點直接證明的結論。

用 have 的動名詞形式完成句子，讓開頭的片語作主詞：____ a battery that's too hot can be dangerous.

哪個句子表示標籤可能會從瓶子上脫落？

1. The label may move with the bottle in hot water.
2. The label may remain attached to the bottle in hot water.
3. The label may detach from the bottle in hot water.

下列哪一組句子正確使用 This is probably what happened with...，把一個可能的解釋套用到具體案例？

1. The motor may have overheated. These are probably what happened with the old machine.
2. The motor may have overheated. This is probably the old machine.
3. The motor may have overheated. This is probably what happened with the old machine.

在標準美式英語中，哪一句最自然地表示這座橋有一個非正式名稱？

1. The bridge was nicknamed as the Silver Wave.
2. The bridge was nicknamed the Silver Wave.
3. The bridge was nicknamed to the Silver Wave.

選出自然表達「我們藉由查看筆記找到了答案」的句子：

1. Until checking the notes, we found the answer.
2. By checking the notes, we found the answer.
3. By checked the notes, we found the answer.

選出轉述「從過去時間點看，之後預期會有某個結果」的句子：

1. The coach thought the team would improve.
2. The coach thinks the team will improve.
3. The coach thought the team improved.

這個明喻主要傳達飛機怎樣的飛行狀態？

1. 它在空中飛得笨拙而且不穩定。
2. 它飛得很平穩，但發出了奇怪的聲音。
3. 它在飛行中載著一隻鴨子。

哪一項最準確地解釋 a simplified description of a nuanced, complex process？

1. 它更容易理解，也省略了一些細節，但不一定是錯的。
2. 它一定會造成誤導，因為任何簡化都不準確。
3. 它包含建立完整模型所需的每一項細節。

哪個句子中的 sweep 表示「用力把某物從空中帶往一個方向」？

1. Maya swept the kitchen floor after dinner.
2. The wind swept the smoke across the field.
3. The lamp stayed still beside the window.

暫時略過中間的長例子後，哪個選項是這句話的主幹？

1. Air vortices form at the wing's tips.
2. Other factors all influence lift.
3. Air flows beyond the wing's surface.

用目標連接語完成句子：The report examines cost ____ environmental impact.

請用由三個字組成的專家共識框架完成句子：____ regular sleep supports memory.

哪個句子用 while 引出讓步對比，而不是表示時間關係？

1. While Maya cooked dinner, Leo set the table.
2. While both routes reach the station, one is much faster.
3. While the concert lasted, the doors remained closed.

在這個語境中，"their explanations for how can vary" 是什麼意思？

1. 專家對升力產生方式的每個細節都意見一致。
2. 專家認為升力無法得到解釋。
3. 專家可能會用不同方式解釋升力是如何產生的。

完成 some ... others ... 對照結構：Some club members care most about cost; ____ about quality.

對 created as the air is deflected downwards 的哪一項分析正確？

1. Created 修飾 the upward force，而 as 子句說明空氣被向下偏轉的伴隨過程。
2. Downwards 描述 others 的移動，而 created 開始了另一個句子。
3. Created 是 others 後面的主要動詞，表示這些人創造了空氣。

哪一句自然地承認存在爭議，同時指出其中一個沒有爭議的方面？

1. The design is debated, but there's no controversy when it comes to safety testing.
2. The design is debated, so every part of it remains controversial.
3. There's no controversy about the entire design, including every detail.

請用目標片語完成句子：____ managing time, a simple schedule can help.

哪一句自然地使用 called 來引出書名？

1. Our class read a book calling The Hidden Island.
2. Our class read a book called The Hidden Island.
3. Our class read a called book The Hidden Island.

哪一句正確使用兩個並列動詞來說明軟體的用途？

1. Researchers use the software to model ocean currents and predict their movement.
2. Researchers use the software to model ocean currents and predicts their movement.
3. Researchers use the software to modeling ocean currents and predict their movement.

在句子 'More than a century after the first flight, engineers still debate its design,' 中，句首片語有什麼作用？

1. 它表示爭論在一個世紀後停止了。
2. 它提供主要子句的主詞和動詞。
3. 它在主要陳述之前建立一段很長的時間框架。

用表示「初次涉足新領域」的目標片語完成句子：Opening a small online shop was their first ____ e-commerce.

請用本課的四字目標片語完成句子：The old riddle ____ the club's hardest challenge.

在原句中，come crashing down 起了什麼作用？

1. 它既讓人想到猛烈墜落，也描述一切正在崩潰的感受。
2. 它是在報導一架飛機確實已經墜毀。
3. 它是在提供流體運動的字面定義。

請用本課中把解釋收束到核心概念的表達完成句子：It looks mysterious, but ____ light changing direction in water.

請用本課中的完整片語完成公開致謝：This free workshop was ____ the local library.

哪一句用 celebrate 讚頌抽象特質，並用 propel 的比喻義表示這種特質推動人採取行動？

1. The engine propels the boat while the crowd celebrates.
2. The festival celebrates its tenth anniversary and gives athletes prizes.
3. The program celebrates the ambition that propels young athletes to improve.

用本課表示「去看看」的兩字非正式片語完成推薦：For a quick experiment, ____ this science video.

哪一句中的 book 與例句意思相同？

1. I bought a book about space travel.
2. Let's book a room near the airport for Friday night.
3. This book has ten chapters.