為什麼能力不足的人總覺得自己很厲害？- 大衛·鄧寧 (David Dunning)：英語精讀講義

請用構成同等比較的兩個詞完成問句：Are you ____ patient with beginners ____ you think you are?

請在 at 後使用 organize 的正確形式：How good are you at ____ group projects?

你正在列舉在家幫忙的方式。用 clean 追加一項活動：What about ____ the kitchen?

哪一句正確使用 compared to 引出比較標準？

1. This room is bright compared the hallway.
2. This room is bright compared to the hallway.
3. This room compared to bright the hallway.

哪一句表示 Maya 的西洋棋能力高於一般水準，但沒有說她是最優秀的人之一？

1. Maya is better than average at chess.
2. Maya is average at chess.
3. Maya is one of the best chess players.

用 stack up against 的正確形式完成句子：The review asks how the budget phone ____ the premium model.

用 be 的現在簡單式完成句子：Knowing how to ask for help ____ an important skill.

用 more than 完成句子，表示這個社團還有其他價值：After school, the chess club is ____ a place to play games.

哪個選項最能強調 Ava 透過測試和推理得出答案？Ava finally managed to ____ why the toy would not move.

1. point out
2. find out
3. figure out

請用一個表示「儘管遇到困難仍堅定繼續」、由兩個字組成的英文片語補全句子：Although the first experiment failed, the class chose to ____ with a safer design.

用 seek out advice 的過去式完成句子：After his first plan failed, Omar ____ from an experienced engineer.

在句子 “Recent studies suggest that short breaks can improve focus,” 中，suggests that 有什麼作用？

1. 它聲稱這個結果已經獲得絕對確定的證明。
2. 它帶出有研究證據支持的結論。
3. 它建議這些研究休息一下。

使用 good at 和 explain 的 -ing 形式完成句子：Nina is ____ difficult ideas clearly.

以下哪一項最準確地解釋句子「We frequently overestimate our own abilities」？

1. 我們常常把自己的能力判斷得比實際更強。
2. 我們仔細衡量別人的能力。
3. 我們很少思考自己能做什麼。

使用 have a name for 的正確形式完成句子：Scientists ____ this process: sublimation.

判斷以下說法是否有充分依據：Maya sounded very confident, so she definitely has the Dunning-Kruger Effect.

1. 依據充分
2. 依據不足

哪一句自然地使用目標框架來呈現累積的研究證據？

1. More 40 studies have showed that regular exercise can improve sleep.
2. More than 40 studies are showing that regular exercise improved sleep.
3. More than 40 studies have shown that regular exercise can improve sleep.

在句子 Some drivers display illusory superiority 中，display 是什麼意思？

1. 在螢幕上顯示資訊
2. 公開展示一件物品
3. 表現出某種心理傾向

選出正確使用 judge A as B 表示評估結果的句子。

1. The panel judged the evidence by reliable.
2. The panel judged as the evidence reliable.
3. The panel judged the evidence as reliable.

在這個有表現力的句子中，violates the laws of math 是什麼意思？

1. It says that someone broke a criminal law about mathematics.
2. It says that mathematics stopped working for everyone.
3. It uses hyperbole to say that the claim is mathematically impossible.

使用過去式被動結構 be asked to do 和動詞 rate 完成句子：Yesterday, the visitors ____ the museum tour on a scale from one to five.

使用 put + 反身代名詞 + in 完成句子：In a self-assessment last week, Ava ____ the top 10% of designers.

用 describe + 反身代名詞 + as having 的過去式結構完成這句報告：In the interview, Maya ____ excellent problem-solving skills.

列出幾項研究後，說話者說：「These aren't isolated findings.」這句話有什麼作用？

1. 它把這些研究連結起來，作為支持更廣泛規律的證據。
2. 它表示這些研究是在偏遠地區進行的。
3. 它因結果不可靠而撤回前面的研究。

研究人員彙整所有睡眠紀錄，算出每晚平均睡眠時間為 7.2 小時。哪一句最精確地報告了這個結果？

1. On average, participants slept 7.2 hours per night.
2. Participants usually slept exactly 7.2 hours per night.
3. Every participant slept 7.2 hours per night.

哪一句既正確描述整體上的自我評價傾向，又容許例外？

1. Players are tend to rate themselves as more skilled than most of their teammates.
2. Players tend to rate themselves as more skilled than most of their teammates.
3. Every player always rates themselves as the most skilled teammate.

用本課中引出範圍的詞組完成句子：The museum offers programs ____ art classes to science talks and beyond.

用本課的完整重點提示框架完成句子：____ the smallest battery lasted the longest.

使用 those 加上引出群體特徵的介系詞完成句子：____ the strongest applications were invited for an interview.

使用由 likely + to 構成的最高級結構完成句子：Of all the routes, the highway is ____ have heavy traffic.

哪一句自然地使用 measurably poor at，而且有證據支持這項判斷？

1. The app was measurably poor because its monthly fee was high.
2. Test results showed that the app was measurably poor at recognizing speech in noisy rooms.
3. I guessed that the app was measurably poor at recognizing speech, although no one had tested it.

哪一句正確使用了比較結構和替代動詞？

1. Students rate the new lunch menu almost as favorably as teachers do.
2. Students rate the new lunch menu almost as favorably than teachers do.
3. Students rate the new lunch menu almost so favorably as teachers are.

選出正確使用 vulnerable to 的句子。

1. Young plants are especially vulnerable to sudden frost.
2. Young plants are especially vulnerable for sudden frost.
3. Young plants are especially vulnerable with sudden frost.

在這句話中，pockets of incompetence 是什麼意思？A skilled team may still have pockets of incompetence in a few specialized tasks.

1. 能力不足的少數局部領域
2. 存放有用技能的實體口袋
3. 在所有領域都完全沒有能力

把關係子句改寫為 -ing 子句：Applicants who lack the required certificate cannot enter the program. Applicants ____ the required certificate cannot enter the program.

在這句話中，suffer a double curse 是什麼意思？

1. 他們遭受兩項嚴重的不利影響。
2. 他們獲得兩項意外的獎勵。
3. 他們中了兩個魔法咒語。

哪一句自然地使用了表示「犯錯」和「做出決定」的搭配？

1. They did two mistakes before they reached to a final decision.
2. They made two mistakes before they arrived a final decision.
3. They made two mistakes before they reached a final decision.

在例句中，First, ... But second, ... 有什麼作用？

1. 它說明兩件事發生的具體時間。
2. 它推翻第一點，因為第一點是錯的。
3. 它組織兩個要點，並把第二點呈現為讓情況更複雜的進一步問題。

使用本課中表示「具體的理解缺漏」的表達完成句子：The short quiz revealed several ____ in basic algebra.

使用 access 的正確形式完成 prevent + person + from + verb-ing 結構：A strong password prevents strangers ____ your account.

請用兩個字組成的 the very + 名詞結構完成句子，強調這恰恰就是所需的證據：The investigators had overlooked ____ evidence needed to solve the case.

本句中標示的短語指的是哪一組隊伍？

1. 站在某個地方底部的二十五支隊伍。
2. 最先進入決賽的四分之一隊伍。
3. 預賽中排名最後四分之一的隊伍。

請用 out of every 結構以及 three 和 ten 完成句子：They won about ____ games.

這句話如何描述 60% 這個數字？

1. 這是他們自己的估計，不是旁白確認的結果。
2. 旁白確認他們正好贏了 60% 的比賽。
3. 他們認為對手贏了接近 60% 的比賽。

請用表示「如果沒有充分理解安全規則」的目標片語完成句子：____ the safety rules, you may miss an important warning.

請選出 break down 表示「推理變得不再合理」的句子。

1. The car broke down outside the school.
2. The explanation broke down when the facts did not match.
3. The teacher broke the problem down into three steps.

用 a question of 結構完成句子：The delay isn't ____ money; the real issue is safety.

用 blind someone to something 的正確形式完成句子：Pride can ____ our own mistakes.

請使用強調助動詞表達「他確實知道答案」：He ____ the answer.

請用 once 表示「一旦」：____ you spot the typo, correct it.

用 do 的過去完成式完成句子，表示測驗結果發生在輔導開始之前：By the time tutoring began, the students ____ badly on the first quiz.

使用 quite、willing to 和 label 完成句子：After reading the draft, the reviewers were ____ it as confusing.

請用表示「中等、不極端的數量」的片語完成句子：The role requires ____ technical experience.

請用表示「知道得夠多，因而意識到」的結構完成句子：After checking the map, Nina knew ____ the marked trail was closed.

請用強調程度的片語完成句子：Maya did not realize ____ the hike would be.

請用 assume that 完成這句針對未經查證看法的提醒：Don't ____ the game is canceled; check the schedule first.

請用 whether ... or ... 完成句子，表示這項建議適用於兩種情況：____ you study alone ____ with a partner, review your notes afterward.

本句中的 caught in a bubble of inaccurate self-perception 最接近下列哪一種意思？

1. 他們真的被封閉在肥皂泡裡。
2. 他們對自己的能力有異常準確的認識。
3. 他們受困於扭曲的自我看法之中。

哪個句子使用平行的 When... 子句設定兩個相反條件，並分別說明結果？

1. Plans can be simple, complicated, detailed, or easy to follow.
2. When a plan is too simple, it misses important details. When it's too complicated, nobody can follow it.
3. When a plan is too simple, it misses important details, but a complicated plan is hard to follow.

將括號中的單字按正確順序排列，完成嵌入式 how 子句：Maya didn't perceive how unusual ____. (the opportunity / was)

例句中的 if 子句主要有什麼作用？

1. 表示這種效應一定會發生。
2. 先設定一個前提，再引出在該條件下該採取什麼行動的問題。
3. 說明說話者已經解決問題的原因。

每個給定的詞都用一次，並按照正確的嵌入式問句語序排列：The assessment will help us find out ____. 詞語：how, skilled, the team, actually, is。

用本課表達完成句子：Before the science fair, Leo decided to ____ from his teacher.

哪一句表示不論真相是否令人難受，都仍然應該說出來？

1. Don't tell me the truth if it might upset me.
2. Tell me the truth only if I can hear you clearly.
3. Tell me the truth, even if it's hard to hear.

用 The more carefully ..., the less likely ... 完成句子：____ you check your work, ____ you are to miss an error.

invisible holes in our competence 在這句話中是什麼意思？

1. 看不見的實體空間
2. 別人對我們隱瞞的技能
3. 我們在知識或能力上尚未察覺的缺口

請用 boil down to 的正確形式完成句子：After weeks of discussion, the final choice ____ one question: can we afford it?

這句諷刺性提醒的核心意思是什麼？

1. 最好避免所有意見分歧，即使事情很重要。
2. 對方也可能把你看成愚人，所以要檢查自己的判斷。
3. 在爭論中，先開口的人通常就是愚人。