健康長壽的秘訣 ⏲️ 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

6 Minute English from BBCLearningEnglish.com.

選自 BBCLearningEnglish.com 的《6分鐘英語》。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，這裡是 BBC Learning English 的《6分鐘英語》。

I'm Phil.

我是 Phil。

And I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

Gray hairs, wrinkles,

白髮、皺紋

and poor eyesight are common signs that our body is growing old.

和視力不佳是身體變老的常見跡象。

Much as we'd like to, 文法

儘管我們很想避免，

we can't avoid aging.

我們卻無法逃避衰老。

So,

因此，

it's important to stay healthy as we get older. 文法

隨著我們變老，保持健康很重要。

In this program,

在這一期節目中，

we'll be hearing about some new research 表達脈絡

我們將聽到一些新的研究，

offering fresh advice on how to stay young at heart, 講解

這些研究就如何保持「心態年輕」提供了新的建議，

an idiom meaning to keep a youthful outlook on life whatever your age. 文法

這是一個習語，意思是不管你的年齡多大，都保持年輕的生活態度。

And of course,

當然，

we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.

我們也會學到一些有用的新詞彙。

But 6 Minute English isn't just about vocabulary. 表達脈絡

但《6分鐘英語》不僅是關於詞彙。

We improve your listening skills as well.

我們也會提高你的聽力技能。

So,

那麼，

why not turn on the audio subtitles 講解

為什麼不打開音頻字幕，

or download the script to read along as you listen. 片語動詞

或者下載文本邊聽邊讀呢。

It could also help you answer my question.

這也可能幫助你回答我的問題。

The oldest recorded person ever to have lived 文法

有記錄以來最長壽的人

was a woman who was born in 1875

是一位出生於1875年的女性，

and lived to the ripe old age of 122. 慣用語

活到了122歲的高齡。

But which country was she from?

但是她來自哪個國家呢？

Was it A, Japan,

是 A，日本，

B, France,

B，法國，

or C, Italy?

還是 C，義大利？

Oh, I am going to say Japan. 語氣意圖

哦，我要說是日本。

Okay, Beth.

好的，Beth。

I'll reveal the correct answer later in the program. 片語搭配

我稍後在節目中會揭曉正確答案。

Aging is partly caused by the body's cells starting to decay. 文法

衰老部分是由身體細胞開始衰退引起的。

So,

因此，

you might think we're powerless to stop it. 講解

你可能會認為我們對此無能為力。

But listen to this good news from Professor Sarah Harper,

但是請聽聽來自 Sarah Harper 教授的好消息，

Director of the Oxford Institute of Population Aging.

她是牛津大學人口老齡化研究所的主任。

I think the really exciting thing is that even 10 years ago, 文法

我認為真正令人興奮的是，即使在10年前，

we would have thought, yes,

我們還會認為，是的，

it's all to do with our cells. 片語搭配

這一切都與我們的細胞有關。

Now,

現在，

we understand this relationship between what we call cell and society. 表達脈絡

我們了解了我們所說的細胞與社會之間的這種關係。

And we really can make a difference. 片語搭配

我們真的可以有所作為。

And in fact,

事實上，

a recent paper just came out 片語動詞

最近剛發表的一篇論文

which said that 60% of our aging can be controlled by how we live. 文法

說我們60%的衰老可以通過我們的生活方式來控制。

Professor Harper says that 60% of aging is determined by something we can influence,

Harper 教授說，60%的衰老是由我們可以影響的事情決定的，

our lifestyle.

即我們的生活方式。

So,

那麼，

what lifestyle should we choose? 表達脈絡

我們應該選擇怎樣的生活方式呢？

Here's Sarah Harper giving more details

以下是 Sarah Harper

to BBC Radio 4 program Inside Health.

在 BBC Radio 4 的節目《Inside Health》中給出的更多細節。

You know,

你知道，

there's obviously things like diet,

顯然有飲食這樣的因素，

which I think we'll come to. 片語動詞

我想我們待會兒會談到。

But there's also a positive attitude. 片語搭配

但還有積極的態度。

Um and there's been some wonderful twin studies that have been done 用詞

嗯，而且已經進行了一些精彩的雙胞胎研究，

where you've had twins and they have been able to map them across their lives. 用詞

在那裡你們有雙胞胎，並且他們能夠追蹤他們的一生。

And if you're positive, 文法

如果你態度積極，

you actually have far greater health in later life than if you're negative. 片語搭配

實際上你在晚年時的健康狀況會比態度消極時好得多。

One important factor in aging well is a positive attitude. 片語搭配

健康老去的一個重要因素是積極的態度。

Feeling hopeful,

感到充滿希望，

confident,

自信，

and focused on the good things in life. 片語搭配

並專注於生活中的美好事物。

This conclusion was based on several twin studies, 片語搭配

這個結論是基於幾項雙胞胎研究得出的，

scientific research which uses twins

這是一種使用雙胞胎的科學研究，

to study the roles of genetics and environment in human development. 片語搭配

旨在研究遺傳和環境在人類發展中的作用。

In studies,

在研究中，

Professor Harper found positive twins stayed

Harper 教授發現積極的雙胞胎在變老時

healthier than negative twins as they aged.

比消極的雙胞胎保持更健康。

Loneliness can be another problem as we get older.

隨著我們變老，孤獨可能是另一個問題。

Here,

在這裡，

Professor Sarah Harper explains

Sarah Harper 教授解釋了

how in countries like Spain, Italy, and Greece,

在西班牙、義大利和希臘等國家，

regular social interaction helps people age well. 片語搭配

規律的社交互動是如何幫助人們健康老去的。

Loneliness can have the same impact as smoking in the statistics. 文法

在統計數據中，孤獨可以產生與吸煙相同的影響。

And when we talked about the Mediterranean diet,

當我們談論地中海飲食時，

it's also got two other sides. 慣用語

它還有另外兩面。

It's got exercise because these people tend to be outside more 文法

一面是運動，因為這些人們傾向於更多地待在戶外，

because they have that kind of a climate.

因為他們有那樣的氣候。

But also,

但同樣，

they still tend to live

他們依然傾向於

Communal meals.

共餐環境。

Absolutely.

絕對的。

They have communal meals. 用詞

他們一起就餐。

They tend to live together more in multi-generational households. 用詞

他們傾向於更多地居住在多代同堂的家庭中。

That is changing a bit.

這正在發生一些改變。

So,

所以，

there's a whole lifestyle around it. 慣用語

這背後有一整套生活方式。

The healthy food,

健康的食物，

such as fresh vegetables and fish,

比如新鮮蔬菜和魚，

eaten by people living in countries around the Mediterranean Sea,

由居住在地中海沿岸國家的人們食用，

is known as the Mediterranean diet. 片語搭配

被稱為地中海飲食。

Mediterranean cultures have other advantages too,

地中海文化也有其他優勢，

including outdoor exercise,

包括戶外運動，

which is easier in warm climates,

這在溫暖的氣候中更容易進行，

and communal meals,

以及共餐，

occasions where people sit down and share food together. 片語搭配

即人們坐下來一起分享食物的場合。

Mediterranean people are also more likely to live 文法

地中海人也更有可能生活

in multi-generational households,

在多代同堂的家庭中，

where people from two or more generations of a family

即一個家庭的兩代或更多代人

live together in the same house.

住在同一所房子裡。

Not everyone can live in the Mediterranean, 表達脈絡

不是每個人都能住在地中海，

but it seems a positive attitude and social interaction

但似乎積極的態度和社交互動

are two things we can all do to age well.

是我們所有人為了健康老去都能做到的兩件事。

Speaking of which, 表達脈絡

說到這個，

uh what was the answer to your question, Phil?

嗯，你的問題的答案是什麼，Phil？

Okay,

好的，

well,

嗯，

I asked you about the oldest living person ever recorded.

我問過你有記錄以來最長壽的人。

I asked what country they came from,

我問過他們來自哪個國家，

and you said Japan.

你說的是日本。

Well,

好吧，

I can reveal the answer is actually France. 語氣意圖

我可以揭曉答案實際上是法國。

A lady in France lived for 122

一位法國女士活了122

years and 164 days.

年又164天。

And if you knew the answer to that,

如果你知道那個答案，

there are other questions about this program

在我們工作表上的測驗中

in the quiz on our worksheet,

還有關於這個節目的其他問題，

which you can find on our website bbclearningenglish.com.

你可以在我們的網站 bbclearningenglish.com 上找到它。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the new vocabulary 表達脈絡

讓我們回顧一下新詞彙

we've learned about staying young at heart,

我們學到了關於 staying young at heart（保持心態年輕），

an idiom which means to think and behave in a youthful way

這是一個習語，意味著以年輕的方式思考和行事，

in spite of growing older. 文法

儘管正在變老。

People with a positive attitude

具有積極態度的人

feel hopeful,

感到充滿希望，

confident,

自信，

and focused on the good things in life.

並專注於生活中的美好事物。

Twin studies

雙胞胎研究

use twins to investigate the roles of genetics

利用雙胞胎來調查遺傳

and environment in human development.

和環境在人類發展中的作用。

A Mediterranean diet

地中海飲食

describes the foods typically eaten

描述了居住在地中海沿岸國家的人們

by people living in countries around the Mediterranean Sea,

通常吃的食物，

including fresh vegetables,

包括新鮮蔬菜，

olive oil,

橄欖油，

and fish.

和魚。

At a communal meal,

在共餐中，

people sit down together to talk and share food.

人們坐在一起聊天並分享食物。

And finally,

最後，

a multi-generational household

多代同堂的家庭

is when people from two or more generations of the same family live together. 文法

是指同一家庭的兩代或更多代人住在一起。

Once again,

再次，

our 6 minutes are up. 慣用語

我們的6分鐘到了。

But if you enjoyed this discussion,

但如果你喜歡這次討論，

then head over to the BBC Learning English website 片語動詞

那就去 BBC Learning English 網站

to find the accompanying worksheets and quiz

尋找配套的工作表和測驗，

along with loads of other programs and resources to help you learn English. 片語搭配

以及大量幫助你學習英語的其他節目和資源。

See you there.

那裡見。

Bye.

再見。

6 Minute English from BBCLearningEnglish.com.

選自 BBCLearningEnglish.com 的《6分鐘英語》。