日本如何拯救其最大城市免於崩潰 - 羅曼·克茲納里奇：英語精讀講義

用 was known as 完成句子：Before 1950, the hotel ____ the Royal Inn.

哪一句最準確地表示氣溫正接近攝氏 40 度，但沒有說已經達到或超過 40 度？

1. The temperature is approaching 40 degrees Celsius.
2. The temperature is over 40 degrees Celsius.
3. The temperature is about 40 degrees Celsius.

用目標片語完成句子：After losing its last major client, the company was ____ closing.

使用 lead to 的過去完成式：By the time inspectors arrived, years of leaks ____ serious damage.

哪一句自然地使用 face 表達「這家醫院面臨人力短缺」？

1. The hospital meets a shortage of nurses.
2. The hospital faces a shortage of nurses.
3. The hospital faces short of nurses.

在一次乾旱中，水庫有乾涸的危險，但裡面仍然有水。哪一句最能突顯這種嚴重風險？

1. The drought affected the town's water supply.
2. The drought threatened the town's water supply.

哪一項描述最能說明 But over just a few decades 在句中的作用？

1. 它解釋前一個問題的原因，並把幾十年呈現為一段非常漫長的時間。
2. 它提供變化的確切日期，並顯示結果符合預期。
3. 它扭轉前文形成的預期，並把變化設定在一段出乎意料短暫的期間內。

一部紀錄片已經把觀眾帶入 1850 年。哪一句使用 will 從這個歷史時間視角預告後來的發展？

1. Now it is 1850. The town is still small, but it will become a major port.
2. By 1850, the town had already become a major port.
3. From today's viewpoint, the town may become a major port next year.

請用表示「發展或開始存在」的雙字片語動詞完成問題：How did this unusual custom ____?

哪一句正確使用 a series of，把多場相關的演講組織成一個系列？

1. The museum planned a series of linked talks.
2. The museum planned series of linked talks.
3. The museum planned a series of linked talk.

哪一句中的 would last 表示從過去的時間點看後來會持續多久？

1. The expedition began in 1920 and would last three years.
2. If the weather worsened, the expedition would last longer.
3. During his childhood, the summer visits would last a week.

用 unify ... under 的過去式完成句子：After years of division, the queen ____ the provinces ____ one crown.

用 marked the beginning of 完成句子：The peace agreement ____ a new period of cooperation.

在這段歷史語境中，Tokugawa shogunate 指的是什麼？

1. 日本天皇的統治時期
2. 由德川幕府將軍領導的軍事政權
3. 某一位幕府將軍的頭銜

哪一句明確表示這張通行證的有效期間包含 6 月 30 日？

1. The pass expires before June 30.
2. The pass is valid from June 1 through June 30.
3. The pass becomes valid after June 30.

用 succeed 的過去式和一個受格代名詞完成句子，使其表示「接替了李先生的職位」：After Mr. Lee retired, Ana ____ as principal.

請使用本課中表示「正式讓多項廣泛改革生效」的完整片語填空：The new government ____.

哪一句中的 reshaped 是比喻用法，表示一個系統的運作方式發生了廣泛變化？

1. Online banking reshaped the way customers manage their money.
2. The update changed one icon from blue to green.
3. The designer reshaped the soft clay into a bowl.

哪一句正確使用 Concerned over ... 來說明主句主詞採取行動的原因？

1. Concerned over rising costs, the manager delayed the project.
2. Concerning over rising costs, the manager delayed the project.
3. Concerned over rising costs, the project was delayed by the manager.

請用正式結構 impose severe limitations on 的過去式完成這句政策情境中的句子：The city ____ water use during the drought.

哪一個句子正確使用了 ban someone from doing something 和 restrict someone from doing something？

1. The rules ban visitors to enter the laboratory and restrict students to use it after school.
2. The rules ban visitors from entering the laboratory and restrict students from using it after school.
3. The rules ban visitors from enter the laboratory and restrict students from use it after school.

用本課中表示「彌補」的三字片語完成句子：Extra practice can help ____ lost time.

請用 invest heavily in 的過去式完成句子：To improve rural internet access, the government ____ expanding the fiber network.

哪一句在 while 兩邊使用平行的 -ing 形式，表達一項增加、另一項減少？

1. The managers are interested in increase output while decreasing energy use.
2. The managers are interested in increasing output while decreasing energy use.
3. The managers are interested in increasing output while decreases energy use.

哪一句能自然表達「這份報告把早期研究當作資料來源」？

1. This report drew up earlier research.
2. This report drew upon earlier research.
3. This report drew at earlier research.

根據句中的解釋，哪一項最符合 mottainai 的意思？

1. 它要求人們停止製造所有新物品。
2. 它表示每一件物品都必須永遠保留。
3. 它鼓勵人們珍惜資源，並避免不必要的浪費。

請用本課中表示「只滿足於所需數量」的片語完成句子：Ava did not want extra supplies; she was ____ paper to finish the poster.

哪一句的句首 Realizing ... 片語具有正確的隱含主詞？

1. Realizing the road was icy, the speed limit was lowered.
2. Realizing the road was icy, there was a sudden change in Maya's plan.
3. Realizing the road was icy, Maya drove more slowly.

哪一句表示該市正式針對夜間施工推出新限制？

1. The city removed limitations on nighttime construction.
2. The city introduced limitations on nighttime construction.
3. The city described nighttime construction.

哪一句表示某個組織正式啟動了一項涵蓋範圍廣的森林復育行動？

1. The foundation studied one forest without starting a program.
2. The foundation launched a sprawling reforestation program across the region.
3. The foundation canceled a sprawling reforestation program across the region.

這句話描述了怎樣的先後順序？The workers were required and later paid to repair the trail.

1. 起初，修整步道是必須完成的工作；後來，工人因這項工作獲得了報酬。
2. 工人起初獲得了報酬；後來，他們被命令停止修整步道。
3. 工人一直可以自由選擇是否做這項工作，而且從未獲得報酬。

哪一句自然地使用 curb demand for 來說明一項政策的目的？

1. To demand a curb for disposable cups, the café began charging for them.
2. To curb demand for disposable cups, the café began charging for them.
3. To curb disposable cups for demand, the café began charging for them.

哪一種情況最適合用 strict rationing rules 來描述？

1. 人們被建議在購買燃料前比較價格。
2. 燃料短缺期間，每戶每週只能取得固定數量的燃料。
3. 每個家庭想拿多少燃料都可以。

用 be built with 的正確被動形式完成句子：The temporary classrooms ____ standardized metal panels.

一個模組化舞台可以在演出後拆開並再次使用。請用 can be 和兩個目標過去分詞完成句子：After the show, the modular stage ____.

使用表示「圍繞一項核心活動發展起來」的目標表達完成句子：As electric bicycles became popular, new businesses ____ maintaining and repairing them.

哪一項敘述最符合 agricultural byproduct？

1. 農場預計生產的主要作物。
2. 在農業生產或加工過程中產生，而且仍可能有用的次要材料。
3. 任何完全沒有用途、一定得丟棄的材料。

請使用表示「因長期使用而損壞」的複合形容詞完成句子：After ten years of daily use, these are ____ work boots.

請用 rather than 和 replace 的 -ing 形式完成句子：Maya fixed her backpack ____ it.

請用 turn into 的被動形式完成句子：At the recycling center, old bottles are ____ new glass.

哪一句明確表示物品被改作新用途，而不只是再次使用？

1. She reused the old ladder to reach a high shelf.
2. She repurposed an old ladder as a bookshelf.
3. She discarded the old ladder after it broke.

補完句子，使其表示繩子的磨損程度導致它無法安全使用：The rope was ____ worn ____ safe use.

哪一句最清楚地按照「檢查、貼標籤、寄送」的順序呈現三個階段，並把寄送當作最後一步？

1. The package was shipped, then inspected before finally being labeled.
2. The package was inspected, then labeled before finally being shipped to the customer.
3. The package was inspected and shipped while the label was blue.

哪一項說法最準確地解釋了本句中的 kintsugi？

1. Kintsugi 是一種可用於任何物品的金色繪畫風格。
2. Kintsugi 是一種製作全新陶瓷的方法，可以讓成品沒有任何接縫或裂痕。
3. Kintsugi 是一種日本陶瓷修復技法，會讓修復後的裂痕保持可見並成為設計的一部分。

在這段修復說明中，the fracture lines brushed with gold lacquer 是什麼意思？

1. 先把裂紋遮住，再接合破碎的部分。
2. 在一層金漆中刻出可見的裂紋。
3. 把金色漆料塗到可見的裂紋上。

請用目標動作鏈完成句子，表示這些布片被縫合起來以製成被子：The fabric squares were ____ a quilt.

哪一項描述最符合本句中的 boro？

1. 一種透過反覆縫補和拼接來修復並重新利用舊布的日本傳統。
2. 一種完全不使用舊布來織造新布料的技術。
3. 所有裝飾性拼布的統稱。

請用表示「從上一代傳給下一代」的目標片語動詞完成句子：This recipe has been ____ for generations.

哪一句表示一種文化活動變得活躍並取得了成功？

1. Local theater was canceled throughout the decade.
2. Local theater stayed limited to one small annual show.
3. Local theater flourished during the decade.

用正式的倒裝結構完成句子，表示辯論隊也成長了：The science club grew, ____ the debate team.

這裡的 even as 表達什麼關係？ The restaurant stayed busy even as the storm grew worse.

1. 餐廳直到暴風雨結束後才開始忙碌。
2. 暴風雨愈來愈嚴重，導致餐廳一直很忙。
3. 兩種情況同時發生，並形成了出人意料的反差。

哪一句先承認優點，再補充限制，形成平衡式評價？

1. Because the course had confusing sections, its clear explanations did not matter.
2. The course offered clear explanations, so it had no confusing sections.
3. While the course offered clear explanations, it wasn't without a few confusing sections.

哪個句子以克制、正式的方式表示「一個計畫存在一些問題」？

1. The plan was completely unusable.
2. The plan had no flaws at all.
3. The plan wasn't without its flaws.

選出能表示「權力機關確保人們遵守新的安全規定」的自然句子。

1. The new safety regulations are strictly created.
2. The new safety regulations are strictly enforced.
3. The new safety regulations are strictly announced.

harsh authoritarian rule 在這句話中描述什麼？

1. 一種嚴厲且權力集中的政治控制制度
2. 一項嚴格但經過自由選舉產生的地方政策
3. 教材裡的一條難懂規則

哪一句最自然地使用了 rife with，並強調問題普遍存在？

1. The report was rife errors.
2. The report was rife with errors.
3. The report was rife with helpful tips.

在 a crippling tax 中，crippling 是什麼意思？

1. 這種稅只由身體障礙者繳納。
2. 這種稅負擔極重，可能嚴重損害人們的生計。
3. 這種稅金額很小，很容易負擔。

哪一項陳述正確說明句中 nengu 和 daimyo 的關係？

1. 農民向稱為 daimyo 的地方領主繳納 nengu。
2. daimyo 把 nengu 當作工資付給農民。
3. nengu 和 daimyo 是同一群領主的兩個名稱。

哪一句最準確地表示：到了某個世紀的後半葉時，一項變化已經發生？

1. In the second half of the 20th century, the museum opened for one day.
2. During the second half of the 20th century, the festival lasted three weeks.
3. By the second half of the 20th century, computers had become widely used.

哪一句正確使用了「逗號 + -ing 子句」來說明結果？

1. Food prices rising sharply, household budgets were under pressure.
2. Food prices rose sharply, putting pressure on household budgets.
3. Food prices rose sharply, put pressure on household budgets.

在這句話中，external pressure 是什麼意思？

1. 來自日本以外勢力的政治或軍事壓力
2. 建築物外部的物理氣壓
3. 日本勞工感受到的個人壓力

請用 reopen its doors to 完成句子：After a five-year ban, the country decided to ____ international researchers.

閱讀句子：Several reforms ultimately led to the end of the old system. 其中 ultimately led to the end of 有什麼作用？

1. 它指出一連串原因造成的最終結果。
2. 它表示結果發生在這些改革之前。
3. 它引入一個無關的例子。

選出能正確完成句子的字：____ these difficulties, the team finished on time.

1. Although
2. Because
3. Despite

使用 serve as a powerful lesson 完成句子：The failed experiment can ____ for the research team.

選擇最自然地描述一家處境不穩定、瀕臨停業的醫院的句子。

1. The hospital was safely resting on the brink of closure.
2. The hospital was teetering closure into recovery.
3. The hospital was teetering on the brink of closure.

選擇 epicenter 能自然表示某種文化活動最重要、最活躍中心的句子。

1. The waterfront became a thriving cultural epicenter for street artists.
2. The waterfront became a thriving earthquake for street artists.
3. The waterfront became a quiet place with no cultural activity.

用 from ... to ... 完成表示變化的結構：The neighborhood's transformation ____ an industrial area ____ a green community took ten years.

閱讀這個句子：The teacher showed us that what's unclear can be explained. what's unclear 在句中有什麼作用？

1. 它說明老師用什麼方式解釋。
2. 它直接詢問哪一件事不清楚。
3. 它表示「不清楚的事物」，並作 can be explained 的主詞。

把 by 和 doing so 組合成目標片語，完成句子：Save a copy before editing the file. ____, you can restore the original later.

用本課的背景框架完成句子：The new shelter opened ____ many families needed help.

在環境經濟學中，a circular economy 的目標是什麼？

1. 讓經濟成長按照固定週期上升和下降
2. 把工廠和商店排列成圓形
3. 透過維修、再使用和回收，讓產品與材料繼續被使用

使用 not by ... but rather by ... 完成句子：The team's success is driven ____ luck, ____ careful preparation.

哪一句最恰當地使用 make the most of 來描述一個好機會？

1. This internship is a great opportunity, so I want to make the best of it.
2. This internship is a great opportunity, so I want to make up for it.
3. This internship is a great opportunity, so I want to make the most of it.

哪一句自然地使用 harness 來表示「引導並運用資源的力量以達成目標」？

1. We can harness solar energy to power the school.
2. We can harness a sandwich for lunch.
3. We can harness the door at eight.

用 could 和 if 完成這個開放式假設問題：What ____ our town look like ____ every street had more trees?

用 pushing for 完成句子：Local parents are ____ safer crossings near the school.

哪一項說法最準確地概括了 the right to repair 的核心主張？

1. 只有製造商才應該有權決定產品是否可以維修。
2. 產品所有者應該能取得維修產品所需的零件、工具和資訊，或選擇獨立維修服務。
3. 每件損壞的產品都應該自動更換成新品。