爆破、疾病與死亡：巴拿馬運河的建造史 - 亞歷克斯·根德勒：英語精讀講義

請用完整的 in the middle of ... 結構完成句子：____, television became common in many homes.

在這個歷史句子中，California Gold Rush 指什麼？

1. 一場吸引許多人前往加州尋找黃金的歷史事件。
2. 一名旅客匆忙趕往美國西岸的個人行程。
3. 一場人們帶著黃金橫越加州的比賽。

使用 may have been 和 fast 的比較級，完成這個對過去的謹慎比較：Taking the highway ____ driving through town.

在這個句子中，back east 最自然的意思是什麼？After five years in Nevada, Lena moved back east to be closer to her parents in Maryland.

1. 她面向東方並向後移動。
2. 她留在美國西部。
3. 她搬往美國東部。

用表示「唯一剩餘方案」的結構補完兩個空格：With the bridge closed, ____ reaching the village before dark ____ take the mountain path.

哪一句能自然描述「一次極度累人的三天健行」？

1. They completed a relaxing three-day hike across the desert.
2. They completed a grueling three-day hike across the desert.
3. They completed a grueling three-days hike across the desert.

isthmus 描述的是哪一種地理形態？

1. 供船隻裝卸貨物的港口。
2. 四面完全被水包圍的島嶼。
3. 連接兩片較大陸地的狹窄陸地。

請用 span 的 -ing 形式完成句子，表示這座橋從河的一岸橫跨到另一岸：A bridge ____ the river connects the two towns.

請用表示旅程時間大幅減少的正確目標片語完成句子：The new bypass ____ between the two towns.

哪一句能自然表示反覆檢查既額外耗時又額外花錢？

1. The repeated checks spent time and money.
2. The repeated checks paid time and money.
3. The repeated checks cost time and money.

在歷史報告中，shipping interests 最可能表示什麼？

1. 把認識船隻當作嗜好的人
2. 讓航運顯得有趣的主題
3. 在航運業中具有經濟利益的公司和團體

下列哪個說明最符合 continuous maritime passage 的意思？

1. 關於海上旅行的幾個段落
2. 讓船隻不必轉走陸路的不中斷海上路線
3. 從港口通往內陸城市的道路

哪一句中的 was taken up 表示有人接下一項計畫並開始推動？

1. The old boxes were taken up to the attic.
2. Most of the meeting was taken up by small talk.
3. After years of delay, the restoration project was taken up by a local charity.

哪一項敘述正確區分了蘇伊士運河和巴拿馬運河？

1. 蘇伊士運河橫跨巴拿馬地峽。
2. 蘇伊士運河和巴拿馬運河是同一條水道的兩個名稱。
3. 蘇伊士運河位於埃及，而巴拿馬運河位於中美洲。

請用 make 的過去式、受格代名詞 me 和比較級形容詞 more confident 完成句子：Positive feedback ____ about speaking in public.

將 check 改成 insist on 後要求的形式：The editor insisted on ____ every figure before publication.

用表示「處在海洋表面高度」的準確片語完成句子：The research station is built ____.

說話者知道道路當時確實結冰了。哪一句表示這個真實情況並沒有阻止他們？

1. Even though the road was icy, they continued driving slowly.
2. Even if the road was icy, they would continue driving slowly.
3. Because the road was icy, they continued driving slowly.

哪一個句子用 boring 表示工程作業？

1. The boring lecture lasted all afternoon.
2. The crew is boring through the hillside to make room for a new tunnel.
3. The crew finds the safety lecture boring.

在這個地理語境中，Continental Divide 指什麼？

1. 把主要水系分開的高地分界線
2. 把兩個國家分開的政治邊界
3. 大陸與海洋之間的海岸線

請用 bury under 的被動形式完成句子：After the blizzard, the parked cars ____ nearly a meter of snow.

對 since the diplomat had only visited the site briefly during Panama's dry season 最準確的解釋是哪一項？

1. 它說明工人準備不足的原因，並把那次有限的到訪放在更早的時間。
2. 它表示外交官在工人遭遇暴風雨之後多次到訪。
3. 它把旱季標示為一項持續到後來的行動的起點。

用目標雙詞片語完成句子：The organizers had no severe-weather plan and were ____ the torrential downpour.

哪一句正確使用了 venomous 和 fauna？

1. Some rainforest snakes are venomous because they inject venom when they bite.
2. Every poisonous mushroom is venomous.
3. The biologist recorded one fauna near the river.

選出正確使用 After 加並列 -ing 形式，而且行為者與主句主詞一致的句子。

1. After reviewed the costs and consulted the team, the company canceled the plan.
2. After reviewing the costs and consulting the team, the deadline was extended.
3. After reviewing the costs and consulting the team, the company canceled the plan.

請用本題表示「高得驚人」的目標片語完成句子：The repair bill reached ____ $2 million.

某城市決定永久停止一項鐵路計畫。哪一句最適合報導這項決定？

1. The city abandoned the rail project after the final cost review.
2. The city postponed the rail project until next year.
3. The city suspended the rail project until the review is complete.

請用 consider 的過去完成進行式和 build 的正確形式完成句子：Before the budget vote, the city ____ a new bridge for several months.

哪一句中的 at this point 表示「到了某個過程的這個階段」？

1. We have reviewed all the evidence; at this point, we can make a decision.
2. Place the compass at this point on the map.
3. The pencil breaks at this point every time.

哪一句中的 where 表示「在另一個人失敗的同一項任務或情境中」？

1. The new team hopes to succeed when the next trial begins.
2. The new team hopes to succeed because its new method is safer.
3. The new team hopes to succeed where earlier researchers failed.

哪一句最明確表示這些人強烈且積極地想開始？

1. The volunteers were anxious about the dangerous conditions.
2. The volunteers were eager to begin the rescue work.
3. The volunteers were willing to help if no one else was available.

哪一句使用 bring + 接收方 + 收益，並把接收方直接放在 bring 後面？

1. The new rail line could bring the region jobs and investment.
2. The new rail line could bring jobs and investment to the region.
3. The new rail line could bring the region to jobs and investment.

談判仍未結束，但買方一直製造拖延。哪一句最符合這個情況？

1. The buyer postponed negotiations until next Tuesday.
2. The buyer broke off negotiations and ended all contact.
3. The buyer kept demanding irrelevant documents to stall negotiations.

哪一句中的 go straight to someone 表示直接聯絡較高層級的負責人？

1. When the help desk could not solve the problem, Lena went straight to the department manager.
2. Lena walked straight ahead until she reached the manager's office.
3. Lena sent the problem back to the help desk and waited.

判斷下面句首分詞子句的修飾關係是否正確：Sensing a problem, the schedule was changed by Maya.

1. 不正確
2. 正確

哪一句正確使用了 launch a coup？

1. The generals attempted to launch a coup and seize control of the government.
2. The candidate launched a coup by winning a scheduled election.
3. The company launched a coup when it released a new phone.

用 within + days 完成句子，表示結果在不超過幾天內就出現：____, the rescue team restored power to every neighborhood.

哪一句自然且正確地使用了 signed a treaty？

1. The two neighbors signed a treaty about sharing a lawn mower.
2. The two governments signed a treaty establishing their new border.
3. The new employee signed a treaty for a six-month office job.

選出表示「圖書館在洪水發生十年多一點後重新開放」的句子。

1. The library reopened about a decade before the flood.
2. The library reopened just over a decade after the flood.
3. The library reopened just under a decade after the flood.

聆聽英文句子，選出你聽到的版本。注意 dig 後面是否有獨立的 in。

1. The gardeners are ready to begin and finish planting the garden.
2. The gardeners are ready to dig and finish planting the garden.
3. The gardeners are ready to dig in and finish planting the garden.

哪一句表示新團隊下定決心，不重複先前團隊的錯誤？

1. The new team was determined to avoid its predecessor's mistakes.
2. The new team was expected to repeat its predecessor's mistakes.
3. The new team was determined to preserve its ancestors' traditions.

用 instead of 和 buy 的正確形式完成句子：____ a new phone, Kai repaired the old one.

在這段解說中，raise the sea up the mountain 是什麼意思？

1. 把整片海洋實際搬過山去。
2. 山體會自然降低，直到達到海平面。
3. 船閘系統會分階段提高水位，把船隻抬升到更高處。

使用重點結構補完整句英文，說明過去的計畫要做什麼：____ a new pedestrian bridge.

填入表示「把一個整體分成多個部分」的介系詞：The partitions separate the room ____ three work areas.

哪一句用 as 表示兩個事件同時發生？

1. As the elevator rose, the floor numbers changed.
2. As no tickets remained, we went home.
3. As a nurse, Priya works night shifts.

哪一句像原句一樣，用 while 表示兩個過程同時進行？

1. While the system is expensive, it is reliable.
2. The system cools one chamber while heating another.
3. The system cools the chamber after the heater switches off.

哪一句使用 allowing + 受詞 + to-infinitive 表示前面事件所造成的結果？

1. The new ramp reduced the slope, allowing wheelchair users to enter safely.
2. The new ramp was low, but wheelchair users entered through another door.
3. The manager was allowing wheelchair users to enter after checking their passes.

用 call for 的正確形式完成句子：The job description ____ at least three years of experience.

判斷下列說法：在 The report exposed the so-called expert as a fraud 中，so-called 表示說話者懷疑此人是否真的是專家。

1. 正確
2. 錯誤

哪一句使用相同結構：以 -ing 子句作主詞，再用 would require 表示規劃中安排所需的條件？

1. Operating the new pump would require a backup generator.
2. The new pump would be operating near the backup generator.
3. The technicians are operating the new pump with a backup generator.

哪一句中的 reservoir 表示大型蓄水場所？

1. The dry region depends on a reservoir that supplies water to several towns.
2. He packed a small water bottle for the walk.
3. She filled a glass from the kitchen tap.

在例句中，low-lying 是什麼意思？

1. 躲起來並避免引起注意
2. 海拔較低
3. 平躺在地面上

哪一種解釋最符合例句中 provided a natural solution 的意思？

1. 河谷讓所有人工工程都變得不再需要。
2. 河谷現有的地形提供了解決問題的辦法。
3. 河谷生產了一種供販售的有機產品。

哪一句自然地描述河水從內陸流入大海？

1. After the storm, the river flowed out to sea through a narrow channel.
2. At noon, the hikers looked out to sea from the cliff.
3. Before sunrise, the fishing boat went out to sea through a narrow channel.

使用 install 的 by + -ing 形式來表示方法：____ a filter, we can improve the water quality.

請用 could 和 flood 的被動形式完成句子：With the new barrier in place, the empty basin ____ to store water.

請用 At 和 two meters tall 完成句子：____, the sculpture can be seen from across the hall.

哪一句正確使用相同的名詞省略結構，表示一台新望遠鏡超越先前所有望遠鏡？

1. The new telescope was more powerful than any was built before.
2. The new telescope was more powerful than anything built before.
3. The new telescope was more powerful than any built before.

哪一句用 With this ... 指回已經明確的解決方案，並帶出它造成的效果？

1. Along with the new system, the factory purchased two pumps.
2. With this new system, the factory can reuse most of its water.
3. Before this new system, the factory purchased more water.

請用結構 didn't need to ... but rather just ... 完成句子：The technician ____ replace the whole machine, ____ the worn belt.

哪個句子中的 staggering 表示數量或程度大得驚人？

1. The tired hikers were staggering along the trail.
2. The cleanup cost was staggering.
3. The manager was staggered by the result.

以下哪一種分析正確解釋了 even after progress made by the French？

1. 它把法國人先前取得的進展當作讓步背景，而 made by the French 修飾 progress。
2. 它表示這些進展發生在法國人離開之後，而且 made 是這個片段的主要動詞。
3. 它描述由 progress 執行的動作，並把 the French 當成動作的目的地。

哪一個句子中的 blow up 表示「用炸藥摧毀或炸開」？

1. The editor clicked the image to blow it up on the screen.
2. The child used a pump to blow up the beach ball.
3. The crew used explosives to blow up the rock blocking the tunnel.

使用 It took + 時長 + for someone + to do something 結構完成句子：It ____ two weeks ____ the technicians to recover the files.

用表示「透過鑽削移除」的片語動詞完成句子：The mechanic had to ____ the broken bolt before fitting the new part.

在這個語境中，Culebra Cut 指什麼？

1. 一種切割金屬的工具
2. 一條流入大西洋的天然河流
3. 巴拿馬運河中一段人工開鑿的通道

使用 roughly 和帶連字號的距離修飾語補完句子，使其表示隧道長約 20 公里：It is a ____ tunnel through the mountains.

在句子 The bridge, recently repaired and reinforced, reopened on Monday, 中，哪一個字是子句的主要動詞？

1. reinforced
2. reopened
3. repaired

聽完整的英文句子，選出你聽到的內容。注意 carted 是否帶有額外的 /ɪd/ 音節。

1. The trucks carried away the debris.
2. The trucks cart away the debris.
3. The trucks carted away the debris.

請用 use 的被動不定詞完成句子：The donated computers were repaired ____ in local schools.

請用本課習語完成句子：Getting the permit is only ____; we still need to fund the project.

哪一個句子中的 leading 是表示「頂尖的」或「傑出的」形容詞？

1. Leading scientists met to discuss the discovery.
2. The officers were leading the soldiers across the bridge.
3. Leading the team requires patience.

用一個表示「儘管非常困難，仍努力讓某事繼續運作」的三個單字結構完成句子：During the power shortage, the hospital ____ essential services.

用 take the lives of 的過去式完成句子：The epidemic ____ more than 200 villagers.

black Caribbean migrants 在本句中是什麼意思？

1. 在加勒比地區穿黑色衣服的觀光客
2. 來自加勒比地區的黑人移民
3. 來自某個指定加勒比國家且從未移居的人

哪一句中的 fall 表示 autumn，也就是「秋天」？

1. The town opened its new library in the fall of 2018.
2. She had a painful fall on the stairs.
3. The temperature fell suddenly during the night.

在這段敘事中，the moment finally came 有什麼作用？

1. 暫停敘事，解釋 moment 這個字的定義。
2. 表示接下來不會發生重要事件。
3. 結束長時間的鋪陳，並提示期待已久的關鍵事件即將開始。

原句中的 triggered a dike explosion 是什麼意思？

1. 該訊號在爆破結束後才報導此事。
2. 該訊號阻止了堤壩爆破。
3. 該訊號使堤壩爆破開始。

哪一句正確使用兩個並列的 -ing 片語來說明前一個事件造成的結果？

1. Workers repaired the pipe after flooding damaged the basement and the equipment.
2. The pipe burst, flooding the basement and damaging the equipment.
3. The pipe burst, so the basement flooded and the equipment was damaged.

哪一句表示每年有超過 50,000 列火車穿過隧道？

1. More than 50,000 trains travel through the tunnel annually.
2. More than 50,000 trains travel around the tunnel annually.
3. More than 50,000 trains travel through the tunnel monthly.

請用表示「這項工作花不到一小時」的兩個字詞完成句子：The lab completed the test ____ an hour.

觀光業以前就是該島的主要收入來源，現在仍然如此。哪一句最能表達這個意思？

1. Tourism became the island's chief source of revenue last year.
2. Tourism remains the island's chief source of revenue.
3. Tourism may become the island's chief source of revenue.

哪一句明確表示該城市成為了這棟建築物在法律上的所有人？

1. After the purchase, the city gained control of the building.
2. After the purchase, the city gained ownership of the building.
3. After the purchase, the city gained access to the building.

請用表示「開始讓全市的人感到自豪」的片語完成句子：The youth orchestra has ____ for the whole city.

哪一句用 while 把一個過程的開端和另一個過程的收尾階段放在彼此重疊的過去時間線上？

1. While the museum is popular, it lacks enough storage space.
2. After the museum began planning a new wing, workers finished the repairs.
3. While the museum began planning a new wing, workers were wrapping up repairs to the old hall.

選出其中 was wrapping up 表示一項活動正接近結束的句子。

1. The meeting was wrapping up, so everyone said goodbye.
2. The assistant was wrapping the package up for shipping.
3. The meeting was being canceled, so everyone left.

選出正確使用 one of the most ... ever attempted、用來描述較大群體中一個成員的句子。

1. It was one of the most challenging rescue mission ever attempted.
2. It was one of the most challenging rescue missions ever attempted.
3. It was one of the more challenging rescue missions ever attempted.

用表示「原本看起來不可能的事情」的名詞性片語完成句子：With only two hours left, the repair crew achieved ____.

選出在 understand 後使用正確語序的句子。

1. We need to understand what would it take to reopen the library.
2. We need to understand what it would take reopening the library.
3. We need to understand what it would take to reopen the library.