這個工具能幫您提升批判性思考 - 艾瑞克·威爾伯丁 (Erick Wilberding)：英語精讀講義

本句中的 founding fathers 是什麼意思？

1. 一位早期哲學家的生父
2. 裁決哲學爭論的法官
3. 協助奠定某種傳統的重要早期人物

哪一句中的 trial 表示法庭審判？

1. The former official is on trial for corruption.
2. The software is available for a free trial.
3. The cyclists began the time trial at noon.

一位同事不同意你的方案。在一般且按照字面表達的場合，把這個人稱為 an enemy of the state 適合嗎？

1. 適合，它只表示與你意見不同的人。
2. 不適合，這個標籤太嚴厲，而且帶有強烈政治色彩。

完成目標結構：The reporter accused the official ____ hiding the documents.

在句子“The city refused to recognize the new government,”中，recognize 是什麼意思？

1. 正式承認它的地位
2. 記住它的名稱
3. 從照片中認出它

在「I don't have all the answers, but I can help」中，前半句最可能是什麼意思？

1. 我拒絕回答任何問題。
2. 我遺失了一張寫有答案的紙。
3. 我無法解決這個問題的每一個部分。

請用目標結構完成修正：The coach praised Mia not for scoring the most points, ____ helping the whole team.

使用 engage + 人 + in + 活動結構完成句子：The museum guide engaged the children ____ a conversation about dinosaurs.

哪一句正確使用 nor 補充第二個否定事實？

1. The route wasn't short, nor it was easy to follow.
2. The route wasn't short, nor was it easy to follow.
3. The route wasn't short, nor did it was easy to follow.

請用本課表示「完全什麼都沒有」的強調片語完成句子：After opening the box, Lena found ____ inside.

哪一句正確使用了 respond to X with Y？

1. She responded to the complaint by a clear explanation.
2. She responded the complaint with a clear explanation.
3. She responded to the complaint with a clear explanation.

在這個語境中，through this process 表示什麼？

1. 它開啟一個與前面方法無關的新話題。
2. 它回指前面的方法，並引出由這個方法產生的結果。
3. 它描述從某個地方的一側移動到另一側。

哪一句中的 probe 是動詞，表示「深入調查」？

1. The reporter probed the reasons behind the sudden change.
2. The engineer replaced a damaged probe in the machine.
3. The reporter asked what time the meeting began.

用表示「形成更扎實、更可靠的理解」的標示片語完成句子：After comparing the results, the two teams were able to ____ of the problem.

哪一句正確使用 make + 受詞 + 形容詞來表示造成的狀態？

1. The kind message made everyone to be happy.
2. The kind message made everyone happy.
3. The kind message made everyone happily.

用 so ... that 結果結構完成句子：The instructions were ____ clear ____ everyone finished early.

用表示「後來取得名稱」的目標結構完成句子：What began in 2012 as a small lunchtime contest ____ the One-Minute Challenge.

閱讀這個句子：The seminar explores the nature of trust. 其中 the nature of trust 是什麼意思？

1. 人們學習信任他人的戶外場所
2. 信任的本質特徵和基本性質
3. 自然環境中存在的信任

完成 label X as Y 結構：The filter labeled the message ____ spam.

哪一句表示「某個結果使一個新問題產生」？

1. The unexpected result asked another question.
2. The unexpected result prompted another question.
3. The unexpected result answered another question.

請用 Is it + 形容詞 + for someone + to do...? 句型補完整問句：____ fair ____ Maya ____ see the results before everyone else?

一名研究人員看過新證據後，保留主要主張，但修改了其中一部分。哪個句子最準確地描述這種情況？

1. She withdrew her assertion after seeing the new evidence.
2. She revised her assertion after seeing the new evidence.
3. She repeated her assertion after seeing the new evidence.

請用 store 的正確形式完成省略式被動條件：The snack stays fresh when ____ in a sealed box.

在這個句子中，isn't finished 是什麼意思？The interviewer isn't finished; she has one more question.

1. 她有一份書面作業還沒完成。
2. 她已經結束訪談。
3. 她還會繼續提問。

請用 boost morale 完成句子，並使用表示 students 的所有格形式：The principal shared the good news to ____ during exam week.

請用目標時間片語完成敘述：Mia was nervous on her first day. ____, she was laughing with her new classmates.

哪一句使用 despondent 最自然？

1. Sam was despondent to hear that the picnic would start five minutes late, although he did not mind.
2. Nina was despondent when the store ran out of her favorite gum, but she forgot about it a minute later.
3. After months of failed experiments, the scientist felt despondent and thought about abandoning the project.

用本課表示委婉不確定的三個英文單字補完句子：I'm ____ whether this key opens the back door, so let's test it.

哪一句正確使用 constitute 表達「構成、算作」？

1. Sharing someone else's password constitutes a violation of the rules.
2. Sharing someone else's password is constitute a violation of the rules.
3. Sharing someone else's password constitutes as a violation of the rules.

哪一句最恰當地表示，研究人員是在使用該方法的過程中注意到這個模式，而不是強調這個模式是該方法帶來的結果？

1. After employing the new method, researchers noticed a pattern they had missed before.
2. In employing the new method, researchers noticed a pattern they had missed before.
3. By employing the new method, researchers noticed a pattern they had missed before.

蘇格拉底把自己形容為 midwife，是什麼意思？

1. 他說接生才是自己的主要工作。
2. 他在人們思考之前就給出全部答案。
3. 他透過提問協助人們形成自己的想法。

在這句話中，giving birth to their ideas 是什麼意思？

1. 他們重複蘇格拉底已經想好的想法。
2. 他們逐漸形成並表達自己的想法。
3. 他們學習關於真正生產的知識。

記者耐心地追問，讓目擊者逐漸說出細節。哪個片語最適合補完整句子？The questions help ____.

1. point out details the witness already knows
2. draw out details the witness did not mention at first
3. draw up a list of details for the witness

用 challenge 的正確形式補完整句子：The article ____ the belief that only adults can lead a community project.

哪一句表示研究得到了有用的證據，卻沒有解決主要問題？

1. The study produced useful evidence and a definite date for the next test.
2. The study produced useful evidence and a detailed summary.
3. The study produced useful evidence but no definitive answer.

哪一句正確地用 helps 連接兩個平行動作？

1. The checklist helps clarify the instructions and eliminating common mistakes.
2. The checklist helps clarifying the instructions and eliminate common mistakes.
3. The checklist helps clarify the instructions and eliminate common mistakes.

一個研究團隊希望由證據而不是預設結論來引導接下來的問題。哪個句子最準確地描述這種做法？

1. They choose a conclusion before examining the evidence.
2. They follow a line of inquiry where it logically leads.
3. They change topics whenever a question becomes difficult.

用 end up 完成句子：We started with one small question and may ____ discussing a completely different idea.

哪一句正確使用現在分詞片語來表示主要子句所造成的結果？

1. The app works offline, made it useful in remote areas.
2. The app works offline, making it useful in remote areas.
3. The app works offline, makes it useful in remote areas.

請填入這個歷史時期的名稱：During the ____, European scholars renewed their interest in classical Greek and Roman texts.

在這句話中，teach clinical medicine 是什麼意思？

1. 教授所有醫學分支的歷史
2. 教授如何把診所當作企業來經營
3. 教授與病人診斷和治療相關的醫學

當學生 proposed their rationale for different diagnoses 時，他們做了什麼？

1. 他們列出了診斷，卻沒有解釋任何一個。
2. 他們提出了支持可能診斷的有條理推理。
3. 他們只根據個人偏好選擇診斷。

哪一句自然地表示主持人檢查了未經證實的想法，並引導對話？

1. The facilitator questioned the discussion and made our assumptions moderate.
2. The facilitator asked our assumptions and moderated the people.
3. The facilitator questioned our assumptions and moderated the discussion.

一項研究的證據足以解決核心問題。哪一句最精確？

1. The study produced conclusive results.
2. The study produced final results.
3. The study produced routine results.

Following the Protestant Reformation 在這個句子中是什麼意思？

1. 在遵循任何宗教改革計畫的時候
2. 在新教教會發展起來之前
3. 在稱為新教改革的特定歷史運動之後

請使用本講解中的原結構完成句子：The lesson ____ difficult questions about online safety.

請用目標片語的過去式完成句子：In the 1990s, email ____ office communication.

哪個表達最精確地指法院或法官解釋法律並說明裁判理由的方式？

1. legal reasoning
2. judicial reasoning
3. personal judgment

請用 challenge someone with 的正確形式完成句子：In the interview, the manager ____ Maya ____ a hypothetical power outage.

在這段美國法律語境中，the Supreme Court 指什麼？

1. 教授聯邦法律的大學
2. 通過所有聯邦法律的立法機關
3. 美國聯邦司法體系中最高層級的法院

哪一句表示立法者在通過一項新法律之前，應該考慮他們原先沒有規劃到的影響？

1. Lawmakers should consider the unintended impacts of enforcing the existing law.
2. Lawmakers should consider the intended benefits of passing the new law.
3. Lawmakers should consider the unintended impacts of passing the new law.

用本課目標中由五個英文單字組成的關係子句完成句子：Solving a complex puzzle is an activity ____.

請將 depend on 和 complete 變成正確形式，完成句子：The project's progress ____ each team member ____ their task on time.

請用目標片語完成句子：A museum guide should be ____ local history.

哪一句正確使用句首的 Rather than 結構，既讓兩個替代行為形式平行，又包含完整的主要子句？

1. Rather than blaming the intern or hiding the mistake, the manager asked the team to solve the problem.
2. Rather than the manager blamed the intern or hiding the mistake, asked the team to solve the problem.
3. Rather than blaming the intern or hid the mistake, the manager asked the team to solve the problem.

哪一句明確表示 Leo 展示某物是為了獲得別人的讚賞？

1. Leo showed me where the car was parked.
2. Leo showed off his new sports car at the party.
3. Leo showed the mechanic the damaged tire.

哪一項描述最符合 modest, genuinely curious, and affirming of every contribution？

1. 她同意每一種說法，以免任何人覺得自己受到質疑。
2. 她真誠傾聽、不炫耀自己，並肯定每個人的意見，即使其中有內容需要修正。
3. 她控制整場討論，並忽略其他人的問題。

哪一個句子正確使用 In this regard，把評價限定在前文提到的一個面向？

1. The older system has lower maintenance costs. In this regard, it is more practical than the new one.
2. The older system has lower maintenance costs. In this regard, I will introduce a completely unrelated topic.
3. In this regard, the weather changed suddenly, although no earlier aspect was mentioned.

請使用 may、not、have 和 be 的過去分詞完成句子：Looking back, the first draft ____ the most practical solution.

在這個句子中，particular brand of leadership 是什麼意思：The coach was critical of the club's particular brand of leadership.

1. 一種鮮明、獨特的領導方式或風格
2. 教練依法註冊的名稱
3. 俱樂部販售的一種商品

使用 pass ... on to ... 結構完成句子：Please ____ the warning ____ to the night team.

在政治歷史文本中，subversive beliefs 最強烈地暗示什麼？

1. 持有者人數少於多數立場的思想。
2. 被視為會威脅或破壞既有政治秩序的思想。
3. 會引發分歧，但不暗示對制度構成威脅的思想。

使用 thought 和 caused，轉述目前對較早原因的看法：The wiring fault ____ the fire.

用 bring to trial 的被動形式完成句子：After a two-year investigation, the official was ____ on corruption charges.

一篇報導寫道：「The prisoner was sentenced to death.」根據這句話，可以得出哪個結論？

1. 這名囚犯肯定立刻被處決了。
2. 這名囚犯在法院作出任何判決前就去世了。
3. 法院判處這名囚犯死刑。

Maya 已接近生命終點，但仍在安慰家人。請使用 even on one's deathbed，並選擇正確的所有格來完成句子：____, she kept comforting her family.

哪一句用 ever 描寫一種持久的特質？

1. Did Maya ever ask a thoughtful question?
2. Ever eager to learn, Maya asks thoughtful questions.
3. Maya was once eager to learn, but she is not now.

用 What was X like? 句型完成問題：What ____ life at summer camp ____?

用本課所學的正確表達完成博物館導覽的邀請句：Let's ____ ancient Egypt.

在這個句子中，how an ancient democracy made its decisions 是什麼意思？

1. 它問的是一名統治者私下選擇做什麼。
2. 它問的是所有居民如何透過現代民選代表投票。
3. 它問的是一個政治制度如何形成集體公共決定。