世界如何愛上速食 ⏲️ 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com

來自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 分鐘英語

Hello,

你好，

this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

這裡是 BBC 英語教學的 6 分鐘英語。

I'm Phil.

我是菲爾。

And I'm Beth.

我是貝絲。

Love it or hate it, 片語搭配

不管你喜不喜歡，

there's no doubt fast food is popular. 片語搭配

毫無疑問速食很受歡迎。

Are you a fast food fan, Beth?

你是速食愛好者嗎，貝絲？

Um, not really, no. 語氣意圖

嗯，不太算，不是。

I think sometimes it can be quite convenient, 語氣意圖

我覺得有時候它可能很方便，

obviously, because it's quick,

顯然，因為它很快，

but not really.

但並非真的很喜歡。

Well,

好吧，

whatever you think about them, 表達脈絡

無論你怎麼看它們，

fast food brands like KFC,

像肯德基這樣的速食品牌，

Domino's,

達美樂，

and of course the big one,

當然還有巨頭，

McDonald's,

麥當勞，

are incredibly successful.

都取得了令人難以置信的成功。

In this program,

在今天的節目中，

we'll be discussing the global spread of fast food from its beginnings in 1950s America. 表達脈絡

我們將討論速食從 20 世紀 50 年代的美國起步以來的全球擴張。

As usual,

像往常一樣，

we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases.

我們將學習一些有用的新單詞和短語。

But first,

但首先，

I have a question for you, Beth.

我有一個問題要問妳，貝絲。

Roughly,

粗略估計，

how many fast food restaurants are there in the UK? 文法

英國有多少家速食店？

Is it A,

是 A，

4,000,

4,000家，

B,

B，

42,000,

42,000家，

or C, 4 million?

還是 C，400萬家？

I'm going to go for B, 語氣意圖

我選 B，

42,000.

42,000家。

Okay,

好的，

well,

那麼，

later on we'll find out the answer. 片語動詞

稍後我們會揭曉答案。

In the United States,

在美國，

cheap and easy food like hamburgers,

像漢堡包這樣便宜又方便的食物，

french fries,

炸薯條，

and milkshakes have been popular since the 1950s. 文法

和奶昔自 20 世紀 50 年代以來就一直很受歡迎。

Listen as Adam Chandler,

來聽聽亞當·錢德勒，

author of the book Drive-Through Dreams,

《免下車夢想》一書的作者，

which traces the history of American fast food, 用詞

該書追溯了美國速食的歷史，

tells BBC World Service program The Food Chain

他在 BBC 世界頻道節目《食物鏈》中講述了

how it all got started. 片語搭配

這一切是如何開始的。

At the heart of the story of fast food is a very anyone can do this sense. 慣用語

速食故事的核心是一種「任何人都能做到」的感覺。

A lot of the company founders didn't have a college degree,

很多公司創始人都沒有大學學歷，

who didn't have a high school degree in a lot of instances,

在很多情況下他們甚至沒有高中學歷，

didn't come from money, 慣用語

並非出身富貴，

were oftentimes just people

他們通常只是一些

who were ready to plug themselves into a system that would work for them. 片語動詞

準備好融入一個對自己有效的系統中的普通人。

And it did.

而且確實奏效了。

it made opportunity very, 文法

它讓機會變得非常、

very easy in a time when that was a new part of the American experience.

非常容易獲得，在那個時代，這是美國人經歷的全新部分。

So,

所以，

it was the American dream in a very small way 表達脈絡

最初它是非常微小的美國夢

that became the American dream in a very big way.

後來變成了非常宏大的美國夢。

The rise of fast food reflected the rise of American economic power 表達脈絡

速食的崛起反映了美國經濟實力的崛起

after the Second World War.

在二戰之後。

When Adam says that this lies at the heart of the story,

當亞當說這是故事的核心（at the heart of）時，

he means it's the most important part of the story.

他的意思是它是故事中最重要的部分。

In the 1950s,

在 20 世紀 50 年代，

when the famous brands we know today were just beginning,

當我們今天所熟知的著名品牌剛剛起步時，

anyone with a can-do attitude could sell fast food. 用詞

任何有 can-do attitude 的人都可以賣速食。

A can-do attitude describes someone who is confident and determined

can-do attitude 描述的是自信且堅定的人，

to fix problems and achieve results.

去解決問題並取得成果。

Which is exactly what happened at successful restaurants

這正是發生在那些成功餐廳裡的事

like Kentucky Fried Chicken and McDonald's.

比如肯德基和麥當勞。

For many,

對許多人來說，

these fast food brands symbolized the American Dream, 文化背景

這些速食品牌象徵著美國夢，

the idea that anyone in the United States

即在美國任何人

can achieve success through hard work and determination. 片語搭配

都能通過努力工作和決心取得成功的理念。

The success of KFC,

肯德基的成功，

McDonald's,

麥當勞，

and the rest wasn't limited to America.

以及其他的成功並不僅限於美國。

Nowadays,

如今，

you can visit two McDonald's on opposite sides of the planet 片語搭配

你可以在地球的兩端分別光顧兩家麥當勞

and eat exactly the same meal.

並吃到完全一樣的餐點。

But not every country opened its arms in welcome. 慣用語

但並不是每個國家都張開雙臂歡迎。

The tiny island of Iceland for one. 表達脈絡

小島國冰島就是其中之一。

Andie Sophia Fontaine,

安迪·索菲亞·方丹，

who used to work in McDonald's, 文法

曾經在麥當勞工作過，

now edits The Iceland Review.

現在是《冰島評論》的編輯。

Here,

在這裡，

she tells BBC World Service program The Food Chain how McDonald's got a frosty reception 慣用語

她在 BBC 世界頻道節目《食物鏈》中講述了麥當勞如何遭遇了冷遇

when it started selling burgers in Iceland's capital,

當它開始在冰島首都賣漢堡時，

Reykjavik.

雷克雅未克。

There's been a long-standing burger culture in Iceland. 用詞

冰島一直有著源遠流長的漢堡文化。

They have their own take on the hamburger, 片語搭配

他們對漢堡有自己獨特的做法，

wherein they'll use lettuce and raw cucumbers 用詞

他們會用生菜和生黃瓜

and a type of fry sauce that's called a shalpurborgari, or a shop burger.

以及一種叫做 shalpurborgari（或者 shop burger）的薯條醬。

And that's been around for ages. 片語搭配

那已經存在很久了。

Yeah,

是的，

so that McDonald's they struggled to try to maintain a market. 片語搭配

所以麥當勞他們掙扎著試圖維持市場。

The final nail in the coffin was the Global Financial Crisis in 2008-2009. 慣用語

最後的致命一擊是 2008-2009 年的全球金融危機。

Iceland already had a long-standing tradition of eating burgers,

冰島早已有吃漢堡的長久（long-standing）傳統，

a tradition that had existed for a long time.

一個存在了很長時間的傳統。

For example,

例如，

the shalpurborgari or shop burger was a take on or variation of the American hamburger.

shalpurborgari 或 shop burger 就是對美國漢堡的一種獨特呈現或變體（take on）。

McDonald's weren't as successful in Iceland as they'd been elsewhere. 文法

麥當勞在冰島並不像在其他地方那樣成功。

And the Global Financial Crash of 2008 was the final nail in the coffin,

而 2008 年的全球金融崩盤是壓死駱駝的最後一根稻草（the final nail in the coffin），

an event which caused the failure of something that had already started to go wrong. 片語搭配

這一事件導致了原本就已經開始出問題的事物最終失敗。

To this day, 表達脈絡

直到今天，

there are no McDonald's in Iceland,

冰島仍然沒有麥當勞，

unlike Britain,

不像英國，

which reminds me of your question, 表達脈絡

這讓我想起了你的問題，

Phil.

菲爾。

Yes,

是的，

I asked you how many fast food restaurants there are in Britain.

我問你英國有多少家速食店。

I asked you if there were 4,000,

我問你是不是有 4,000家，

42,000,

42,000家，

or 4 million.

或者是 400 萬家。

And of course,

而當然，

the answer is 42,000.

答案是 42,000家。

So,

所以，

you were right.

你說對了。

Well done.

做得好。

Okay,

好的，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned, 表達脈絡

讓我們回顧一下今天學到的詞彙，

starting with at the heart of,

首先是 at the heart of，

meaning the most important part or the cause of something.

意思是某事最重要的部分或其原因。

If you say that someone has a can-do attitude, 表達脈絡

如果你說某人有 can-do attitude，

you mean they are confident to take action,

你的意思是他們有信心採取行動，

fix problems,

解決問題，

and deal with new challenges. 片語動詞

並應對新的挑戰。

The American Dream is the belief that everyone in the USA

The American Dream 是一種信念，即美國的每個人

has the opportunity to be successful and happy

都有機會獲得成功和幸福，

if they work hard.

只要他們努力工作。

The adjective long-standing means having existed for a long time.

形容詞 long-standing 意思是存在了很長時間的。

A take on something means a variation or new way of presenting it.

A take on something 意思是對某事的一種變體或新的呈現方式。

And finally,

最後，

the idiom The Final Nail in the Coffin

習語 The Final Nail in the Coffin

refers to an event that causes the final end of something

指的是導致某事最終完結的事件，

that had already started to fail.

而這件事本來就已經開始走向失敗。

Once again,

再一次，

our 6 minutes are up. 片語搭配

我們的 6 分鐘時間到了。

But why not head over to the BBC learning English website, 語氣意圖

但為什麼不去 BBC 英語教學的網站看看呢，

where you'll find a worksheet and quiz especially for this program.

在那裡你會找到專門為本節目準備的練習表和小測驗。

See you there soon.

很快在那兒見。

Goodbye.

再見。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

來自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 分鐘英語。