做愛時你的身體會發生什麼變化？：英語精讀講義

As the Hollywood cliché goes, 表達脈絡

正如好萊塢陳詞濫調所演的那樣，

post-coital, some of us sit back against the headboard, 用詞

性愛後，我們中的一些人會背靠床頭板坐著，

proud of our accomplishment at gratifying our lover, spouse, or one-night stand, 用詞

對自己取悅了情人、配偶或一夜情對象而感到自豪，

and then light up a cigarette. 片語動詞

然後點燃一根菸。

How was it for you? 語氣意圖

你覺得怎麼樣？

Good enough, you surmise,

你猜想應該還不錯，

as you take a well-earned drag. 片語搭配

同時深吸了一口理所應得的菸。

Or are you the kind of person to roll over in an instant, 文法

還是說你是那種瞬間就翻身入睡的人，

perhaps leaving your bedfellow exasperated and hardly ready to catch some Z's? 慣用語

也許會讓你的床伴感到惱火，難以入睡？

Or perhaps you spare just a moment reposing and then compose yourself and start again. 片語搭配

或者你只是稍微休息一下，然後整理好狀態重新開始。

Do you cuddle up, 片語動詞

你們會依偎在一起，

have a chat, talk about deep things,

聊聊天，談論深奧的話題，

or even request a favor of your lover? 片語搭配

甚至向你的愛人提出某個請求嗎？

According to research,

根據研究，

these are all common.

這些都很常見。

But what happens to our bodies during and after sex?

但是性交期間和之後，我們的身體會發生什麼呢？

That's what we'll find out today.

這就是我們今天將要探究的內容。

In this episode of The Infographics Show,

在本集《The Infographics Show》中，

what happens to your body while you are having sex.

我們將探討性愛期間你的身體會發生什麼。

Today,

今天，

we'll talk about what happens to both men and women having heterosexual sex,

我們將討論異性發生性行為時，男性和女性分別會發生什麼，

and when we say sex, 表達脈絡

當我們說「性」時，

we mean intercourse,

我們指的是性交、

lovemaking, copulation, fornication,

做愛、交配、私通，

or as the Brits say, 文化背景

或者像英國人所說的，

having it off. 慣用語

上床（having it off）。

So,

那麼，

let's start with the man.

讓我們從男性開始。

What happens to him?

他的身體會發生什麼？

At some point during sex,

在性愛的某個時刻，

men reach a point of no return. 慣用語

男性會達到一個不可逆轉的階段。

This is sometimes called ejaculatory inevitability. 用詞

這有時被稱為不可避免的射精期。

Pulse rate and blood pressure rise,

脈搏和血壓上升，

the sperm leaves him,

精子排出體外，

and his penis has contractions.

陰莖產生收縮。

Now,

現在，

he can return to resting and let his body calm down, 片語動詞

他可以回歸休息，讓身體平靜下來，

which apparently happens faster for men than women.

這通常在男性身上發生得比女性快。

The penis becomes flaccid,

陰莖變得鬆弛，

and most men will have to wait some time before they can go at it again, 片語動詞

大多數男性必須等待一段時間才能再次上陣，

but it all depends on age, fitness,

但這完全取決於年齡、健康狀況，

and of course,

當然，

the urge to return to the hearth of passion. 慣用語

還有重燃激情之火的渴望。

Some guys at this point will just want to go to sleep.

有些人這時候只想睡覺。

Is this plain rude,

這純粹是無禮，

or is it a biological necessity?

還是生理需要？

Well,

好吧，

listen up, disgruntled women. 語氣意圖

聽好了，不滿的女士們。

Science says it's natural for men to want to sleep, 文法

科學表明，男性想睡覺是自然現象，

and for various reasons.

原因有很多。

Not withstanding the obvious in that it's often nighttime and tiredness might be normal,

撇開通常是在晚上、疲倦是正常的這顯而易見的原因不談，

another reason is because upon reaching orgasm, 文法

另一個原因是，在達到高潮時，

men release lots of pent up anxiety. 片語搭配

男性會釋放出大量壓抑的焦慮。

So do women, 文法

女性也是如此，

and they might feel tired too,

她們可能也會覺得累，

but it seems men sleep more after sex,

但根據研究，

according to research.

似乎男性在性愛後睡得更多。

Another thing is brain chemistry.

另一個因素是大腦的化學反應。

All these chemicals spill out in the brain when men ejaculate, 片語動詞

男性射精時，大腦中會湧出各種化學物質，

including serotonin,

包括血清素、

oxytocin,

催產素、

norepinephrine,

正腎上腺素、

vasopressin,

血管加壓素，

and nitric oxide.

和一氧化氮。

Some of these chemicals are related to destressing and the readiness to sleep.

其中一些化學物質與減壓和準備入睡有關。

This can lead to that feeling of phew, 講解

這會導致一種「呼——」的如釋重負感，

and then men want to relax just as they would after any strenuous exercise. 文法

然後男人就會想放鬆一下，就像經過任何劇烈運動後一樣。

It's kind of like getting a hit of morphine, 講解

這有點像注射了嗎啡，

and apparently that hit is much stronger when having sex than when masturbating. 文法

顯然這種衝擊在性愛時比自慰時要強烈得多。

One doctor puts it like this when talking about the release of chemicals. 表達脈絡

一位醫生在談及化學物質的釋放時這樣說道：

"They give you a very relaxed feeling,

「它們會給你一種非常放鬆的感覺，

slow down your brain waves and cerebral functioning,

減緩你的腦波和大腦功能，

and make you feel pleasantly tired."

讓你感到一種愉快的疲倦。」

But it's thought the hormone that is released called prolactin is the main reason men want to sleep. 文法

但人們認為，釋放出來的名為泌乳激素的荷爾蒙是男性想睡覺的主要原因。

It gives you satisfaction,

它給你滿足感，

and the less of it you have, 文法

它的含量越低，

the more likely you will go for round two quicker.

你就越有可能更快進入下一輪。

Really satisfied men may just turn over and start to snore.

真正得到滿足的男性可能只會翻個身開始打呼。

Another thing is, 文法

另外，

is that he might want to go for a pee.

他可能想去尿尿。

The reason?

原因是什麼？

It's chemicals again.

又是化學物質。

Oxytocin and prolactin affect the kidneys,

催產素和泌乳激素會影響腎臟，

and this makes him run off to the bathroom. 文法

這促使他跑向洗手間。

Some experts also think it's to clean the urethra from bacteria,

一些專家也認為這是為了清理尿道中的細菌，

a kind of natural need.

是一種自然的需要。

It might also just be because he's been holding it in during all that messing around. 片語動詞

這也可能僅僅是因為在剛才的各種折騰中他一直憋著。

He then finds the pee won't come out.

然後他發現尿不出來。

That is normal because for the sperm to come out,

這是正常的，因為為了讓精子排出，

your internal sphincter muscle clamps,

你的內括約肌收縮，

and this is to close the bladder.

這是為了關閉膀胱。

This is to stop the semen from entering the bladder. 文法

目的是防止精液進入膀胱。

In a recent article in Cosmopolitan Magazine,

在最近《Cosmopolitan》雜誌的一篇文章中，

it was suggested that men who want to cuddle are keepers, 用詞

有人提出，性愛後想擁抱的男人值得託付，

but it also says that men who don't might just be succumbing to their own body's demands. 片語搭配

但文章也指出，不想擁抱的男人可能只是在屈服於自己身體的需求。

You might find that your penis feels a bit sore,

你可能會發現陰莖有點痠痛，

but this is just normal after all that contracting.

但在經歷了那麼多收縮之後這是正常的。

Don't worry, 語氣意圖

別擔心，

it shouldn't last long.

這種感覺不會持續太久。

And don't be shocked if your testicles have shrunk,

如果你的睪丸縮小了，也不要驚訝，

because this is normal too.

因為這也是正常的。

A doctor talking to Men's Health Magazine explained it like this:

一位接受《Men's Health》雜誌採訪的醫生這樣解釋：

"When you ejaculate,

「當你射精時，

the cremaster muscle contracts and brings your testicles up closer to your body,

提睪肌會收縮，使睪丸更靠近身體，

giving you the perception that they're smaller."

讓你產生它們變小了的錯覺。」

Lastly,

最後，

you may get a cramp in the toe.

你的腳趾可能會抽筋。

Apparently,

顯然，

this happens a lot,

這種情況經常發生，

but it's just because orgasm causes stimulation in the nerves,

但那只是因為高潮會引起神經受刺激，

especially S1 in the spinal column,

尤其是脊柱的S1神經，

and that nerve affects the toes.

而那根神經會影響腳趾。

If you look at some research,

如果你看一些研究，

it also says some men's moods change dramatically after sex,

其中也提到有些男性的情緒在性愛後會發生劇烈變化，

but given the release of all that tension and all those chemicals flooding out, 文法

但考慮到所有緊張情緒的釋放和所有化學物質的湧出，

that's not so surprising.

這並不那麼令人驚訝。

Some men have reported feeling emotionally handicapped after a great orgasm, 用詞

有些男性報告在極佳的高潮後感到情感遲鈍，

and that's thought to be because huge amounts of dopamine were released.

人們認為這是因為釋放了大量的多巴胺。

It's like coming down from a drug that makes you feel happy or ecstatic. 片語動詞

就像是服用能讓你感到快樂或狂喜的藥物後的效力消退。

In women,

在女性身上，

the feelings can be similar,

這種感覺可能相似，

as we shall see.

我們稍後會看到。

So,

那麼，

what about post-coital women?

性愛後的女性又如何呢？

Well,

其實，

women may not always orgasm. 文法

女性並不總是能達到高潮。

According to an article in Psychology Today,

根據《Psychology Today》上的一篇文章，

which cited a number of studies,

這篇文章引用了多項研究，

around half of women will regularly orgasm during intercourse,

大約一半的女性經常會在性交過程中達到高潮，

about 20% of women rarely orgasm,

約20%的女性很少達到高潮，

20% consistently orgasm,

20%的女性總能達到高潮，

and 5% never orgasm.

還有5%的女性從未有過高潮。

When they do,

當她們達到高潮時，

it's different from a man's one great push to the sun,

這與男性那種向著太陽奮力衝刺的感覺不同，

as women have what has been called rapid rhythmic contractions.

因為女性會經歷所謂的快速節律性收縮。

This can be quite the event, 慣用語

這場面可能會相當驚人，

and some women certainly show this in their face,

並且有些女性的面部表情確實展現了這一點，

sometimes looking like they've had an ecstatic experience. 文法

有時看起來像是經歷了一場狂喜。

These shock waves go through her genitals,

這些衝擊波會穿過她的生殖器、

her anus,

肛門、

her uterus,

子宮，

and her pelvis,

和骨盆，

and she too will have a magnificent rush of chemicals flooding through her brain.

她的大腦也會湧入令人驚歎的化學物質。

She may experience female ejaculation,

她可能會經歷女性射精，

which is when a milky liquid will come out of her urethra.

也就是乳白色的液體從她的尿道中排出。

Don't worry,

別擔心，

women,

女士們，

there's nothing wrong with this. 語氣意圖

這沒什麼毛病。

But what about when a lot of liquid comes out?

但是，如果流出大量液體呢？

A neurophysiologist from Rutgers University in Newark says it's not the same milky stuff if it comes out in large amounts.

紐華克羅格斯大學的一位神經生理學家表示，如果大量流出，那就不再是同樣的乳白色物質了。

In that case,

在那種情況下，

she says,

她說：

"It is urine diluted with substances from the female prostate."

「那是被女性前列腺分泌物稀釋過的尿液。」

Scientists are still not clear as to why some women do this and others don't, 片語搭配

科學家們至今仍不清楚為什麼有些女性會這樣，而有些不會，

but it's certainly not harmful.

但這肯定不是有害的。

So,

那麼，

why are women often up for a chat about tomorrow's activities or the meaning of life 片語搭配

為什麼女性往往在性愛後想聊聊明天的活動或生命的意義，

while some men are already halfway to la la land? 慣用語

而有些男人卻已經半夢半醒了呢？

According to a study in the Netherlands undertaken in 2005,

根據荷蘭2005年進行的一項研究，

women are more focused than men during sex,

女性在性愛過程中比男性更專注，

their minds completely set to the task of reaching orgasm.

她們的頭腦完全專注於達到高潮的任務。

This is because their amygdala and hippocampus,

這是因為她們的杏仁核和海馬迴，

which regulate feelings,

（即負責調節情緒的區域），

kind of turns off.

處於某種關閉狀態。

They are at one with sex, 慣用語

她們與性愛合而為一，

well,

嗯，

at least if they are fully immersed in it.

至少在她們完全沉浸其中的時候是如此。

"Once we've come, 用詞

「一旦我們達到了高潮，

we return to our bodies,

我們回到了自己的身體裡，

our consciousness recalibrates,

我們的意識重新校準，

and our emotional intelligence returns,"

我們的EQ也恢復了，」

said an article in Bustle about this phenomenon.

《Bustle》上關於這一現象的文章這樣寫道。

But after sex,

但在性愛之後，

they switch back, 片語動詞

她們會切換回原來的狀態，

and it's then they get that lovely hit of oxytocin,

也就是在那個時候，她們獲得了一陣可愛的催產素，

sometimes called the cuddle chemical. 用詞

有時被稱為擁抱化學物質。

One study found that people with high levels of testosterone release less of this after sex,

一項研究發現，睪固酮濃度高的人在性愛後釋放的這種化學物質較少，

and men generally have high levels.

而男性通常濃度較高。

Some women do too, 文法

當然，

of course,

一些女性睪固酮濃度也很高，

just not as much.

只是沒有男性那麼多。

So,

所以，

men,

男士們，

next time you turn over,

下次你轉身就睡時，

blame your lack of oxytocin.

就怪你缺乏催產素吧。

And women may not experience a refractory period at all. 用詞

而女性可能根本不需要不應期。

This is the downtime men need to get ready to do it again.

也就是男性準備再次進入狀態所需要的休息時間。

Note,

請注意，

teenagers may not need much downtime,

青少年可能不需要太多休息時間，

but then again, 表達脈絡

話又說回來，

sex doesn't always last that long for these hyper carnal kids.

對於這些肉慾旺盛的孩子來說，性愛並不總是持續很長時間。

Women are multi-orgasmic,

女性具有多重高潮能力，

and they usually could just start again.

她們通常可以直接重新開始。

But be careful there,

但要小心了，

women,

女士們，

because sex can be more painful for you than it can be for men. 文法

因為性愛對妳們來說可能比對男性更痛。

Women might cramp up in the uterus,

女性的子宮可能會痙攣，

and this is due to the cuddle drug oxytocin.

這是由於擁抱藥物——催產素的作用。

Let's now call that the double-edged sword chemical. 慣用語

我們現在稱它為雙面刃化學物質吧。

There might also be some burning because of the vaginal tissues getting dry,

由於陰道組織變乾，可能還會出現灼熱感，

but lubrication can help.

但潤滑可以有所幫助。

The stinging doesn't mean there is a problem, 語氣意圖

刺痛感並不意味著有問題，

but obviously if it persists longer than a day or two,

但顯然，如果持續超過一兩天，

it might be something else.

可能就是其他原因了。

And if men see shrinkage,

如果說男性的身體部位會收縮，

then women see the opposite,

那麼女性則恰恰相反，

in their breasts at least.

至少在乳房上是如此。

Many women's breasts get bigger after sex,

許多女性的乳房在性愛後會變大，

and in some women by as much as 25%, 片語搭配

有些女性甚至會增大25%，

according to Women's Health Magazine,

根據《Women’s Health》雜誌的報導，

just how swollen the breasts become differs from woman to woman. 片語搭配

只是乳房腫脹的程度因人而異。

The same article also said a woman's clitoris will become very small at point of orgasm,

同一篇文章還指出，女性的陰蒂在達到高潮時會變得非常小，

almost disappearing.

甚至幾乎消失。

At the same time,

與此同時，

women's nipples may become more sensitive,

女性的乳頭可能會變得更加敏感，

but this is very natural.

但這是非常自然的。

Other reports say some women become giddy after sex,

其他報告說，有些女性在性愛後會感到暈眩，

and others feel great confidence,

而有些女性會感到極度自信，

seeing their bodies as much more attractive than before.

覺得自己的身體比以前更有吸引力。

Most reports we can find state that while some women may experience a slump after the sex, 文法

我們可以找到的大多數報告指出，雖然有些女性可能會在性愛後經歷低谷，

it's the men that really suffer from depression,

但真正遭受憂鬱困擾的是男性，

sometimes a week long.

有時長達一週。

But as the saying goes,

但俗話說得好，

what goes up must come down, 慣用語

有起必有落，

and most of the time,

大多數時候，

it's worth the ride. 慣用語

這趟旅程是值得的。

So,

那麼，

does this video accurately describe what happens to your body during sex,

這個影片準確描述了性愛時你身體發生的變化嗎？

or did we leave something out?

還是我們遺漏了什麼？

Let us know in the comments.

請在留言區告訴我們。

Also,

另外，

be sure to check out our other video called What Happens When You Die.

別忘了看看我們另一部名為《你死後會發生什麼》的影片。

Thanks for watching,

感謝觀看，

and as always,

一如既往，

don't forget to like,

別忘了按讚、

share,

分享、

and subscribe.

和訂閱。

See you next time.

下次見。