聊天的藝術 - 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

來自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 Minute English。

Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.

大家好，這裡是 BBC Learning English 的 6 Minute English。

And I'm Neil.

我是 Neil。

Recently, I met up with an old school friend 片語動詞

最近，我和一位老同學見面了，

who I hadn't seen for years. 文法

我們已經好幾年沒見了。

We talked for hours.

我們聊了幾個小時。

Ah, it sounds like you had a good chinwag. 講解

啊，聽起來你們暢聊了一番（chinwag）。

A long and pleasant conversation between friends,

朋友之間漫長而愉快的交談，

which is great because in this program we're talking about talking. 表達脈絡

這很棒，因為我們本期節目要討論的主題就是「談話」。

We'll be discussing conversations,

我們將討論「對話（conversations）」，

the exchange of ideas, thoughts, and feelings 用詞

即人們在互相交談時，

that happens when people talk to each other.

進行的想法、思想和情感的交流。

And as usual,

和往常一樣，

we'll be learning some new vocabulary as well.

我們也會學習一些新詞彙。

With the rise of Twitter and social media, 片語搭配

隨著推特和社群媒體的興起，

which encourages us to give our opinion on a subject without always listening in return, 片語搭配

它們鼓勵我們在不怎麼傾聽他人的情況下發表對某一主題的看法，

some think the art of conversation is being lost. 慣用語

有些人認為談話的藝術正在消失。

But luckily, there are still millions of us

但幸運的是，我們中仍然有數百萬人

who love to talk, chat, chinwag, and chatter away. 片語動詞

喜歡說話、聊天、閒扯和喋喋不休。

In fact, in 2012,

事實上，在2012年，

a competition in Latvia broke the world record 片語搭配

拉脫維亞的一場比賽打破了

for the longest telephone conversation.

最長電話交談的世界紀錄。

So, Neil, my question is this:

所以，Neil，我的問題是：

How long did this record-breaking conversation last? 文法

這場打破紀錄的對話持續了多久？

Was it A) 24 hours and 4 minutes,

是 A) 24小時4分鐘，

B) 54 hours and 4 minutes,

B) 54小時4分鐘，

or C) 84 hours and 4 minutes?

還是 C) 84小時4分鐘？

Hmm, I'll guess A) 24 hours and 4 minutes,

嗯，我猜是 A) 24小時4分鐘，

after which they probably fell asleep. 文法

之後他們可能就睡著了。

Okay, Neil, I'll reveal the correct answer 表達脈絡

好的，Neil，我會在節目的後半部分

later in the program.

揭曉正確答案。

During a long career, DJ and BBC Radio presenter

在漫長的職業生涯中，DJ 兼 BBC 廣播節目主持人

Nihal Arthanayake, has had conversations with hundreds of people. 文法

Nihal Arthanayake 曾與數百人進行過交談。

Now, he's used these experiences to write a book

現在，他利用這些經驗寫了一本書，

entitled Let's Talk: How to Have Better Conversations. 用詞

書名為《Let's Talk: How to Have Better Conversations》（讓我們談談：如何進行更好的對話）。

Here, Nihal tells another radio presenter,

在這裡，Nihal 告訴另一位電台主持人，

Michael Rosen of BBC Radio 4's Word of Mouth,

也就是 BBC 廣播四台《Word of Mouth》節目的 Michael Rosen，

about the influence of his mother,

關於他母親對他的影響，

who also loved talking to people in her job as a nurse.

他的母親身為一名護士，也很喜歡在工作中與人交談。

Well, it gave me the sense that you are enriched by listening. 講解

嗯，這讓我覺得，傾聽能讓人充實。

And this was of course pre-social media, 文化背景

當然，這是在社群媒體出現之前，

which has of course encouraged us to project, to transmit, more than receive. 用詞

社群媒體不可避免地鼓勵我們去表達、去傳遞，而不是去接收。

So, it meant that, I guess I was conscious 講解

所以，這意味著，我想我能意識到

of experiences of others and wanted to try and understand them.

他人的經歷，並想要嘗試去理解它們。

Also, partially, Michael, it was a survival instinct 用詞

而且，在某種程度上，Michael，這是一種生存本能，

because I was a little brown boy in a predominantly white school, 講解

因為那時我是一個在以白人為主的學校裡的棕皮膚小男孩，

a state school in the 1980s. 文化背景

那是20世紀80年代的一所公立學校。

For Nihal, good conversation involves listening as much as speaking. 文法

對 Nihal 來說，好的對話需要說與聽並重。

By listening, we find out things about the person we're talking to, 片語動詞

透過傾聽，我們能發現交談對象的一些事情，

which in turn help us understand ourselves. 表達脈絡

這反過來又能幫助我們了解自己。

This is why Nihal says we are enriched by listening. 表達脈絡

這就是為什麼 Nihal 說我們透過傾聽而得到充實。

We're improved by having something else added.

我們因為吸收了新的東西而得到提升。

As a British Asian boy growing up in a white community, 文化背景

作為一個在白人社區長大的英籍亞裔男孩，

Nihal also thinks conversation was a way for him to make friends and find protection. 文法

Nihal 也認為對話是他交友和尋求保護的一種方式。

He says having conversations was a survival instinct,

他說進行對話是一種生存本能，

the human instinct to do something in a dangerous situation

即人類在危險情況下採取行動的本能，

that will keep them safe from harm. 片語搭配

為了保護自己免受傷害。

Nihal sees an important difference between listening simply to reply 文法

Nihal 認為「僅僅為了回覆而傾聽」

and listening to understand.

與「為了理解而傾聽」之間有著重要的區別。

When we listen to reply, we're thinking about the next thing we want to say

當我們為了回覆而傾聽時，我們更多是在思考接下來自己想說什麼，

more than trying to understand the other person's point of view. 片語搭配

而不是試圖去理解對方的觀點。

Listening to understand, on the other hand, 表達脈絡

另一方面，為了理解而傾聽，

helps build bridges, improve relationships between people 慣用語

有助於建立溝通的橋樑，改善那些

who are very different or do not like each other.

截然不同或互不喜歡的人之間的關係。

Here's Nihal again in conversation with BBC Radio 4's Word of Mouth.

這是 Nihal 在 BBC 廣播四台《Word of Mouth》節目中的再次談話。

So, conversation can build bridges and it is proven through history 表達脈絡

所以，對話可以建立橋樑，而且歷史已經證明，

that conversation has and that conversation can be seen as an art form. 文法

對話確實做到了這一點，而且對話可以被視為一種藝術形式。

And that's one of the things I want us to understand.

這也是我希望大家理解的其中一件事。

It's not just tittle-tattle, 表達脈絡

它不僅僅是閒言碎語，

it's not just shouting at each other on social media.

不僅僅是在社群媒體上互相大嚷大叫。

It's not two politicians talking over each other.

也不是兩個政客為了壓倒對方而大聲說話。

Good conversation brings people together, 片語動詞

好的對話能把人們聚在一起，

unlike tittle-tattle, talk about other people's lives 用詞

它不像閒言碎語那樣，談論別人的生活

that is usually unkind, disapproving, or untrue.

且通常是不友善、不贊同或不真實的。

And good conversation involves taking turns, 片語搭配

好的對話包括輪流發言，

not talking over someone, trying to silence people 片語動詞

而不是蓋過別人的聲音，試圖透過

by talking more loudly, forcefully, and persistently than them.

比別人說話更大聲、更強勢、更堅持來讓人閉嘴。

Hopefully, Nihal's tips can help us all have better conversations, 文法

希望 Nihal 的建議能幫助我們擁有更好的對話，

encounter new ideas, and make friends.

遇到新的想法並結交朋友。

So, Sam, did you do any of these things

那麼，Sam，當你和老同學見面時，

when you met up with your old school friend?

你做了這些事情嗎？

I think so.

我覺得有。

We both listened to each other.

我們都傾聽了彼此。

There was no tittle-tattle, but a little bit of gossip. 語氣意圖

沒有閒言閒語，但有一點點八卦。

Before we knew it, a couple of hours had passed. 慣用語

不知不覺中，幾個小時就過去了。

But not as much time as those record-breaking telephone conversations 文法

但沒有我之前提到的那些

I mentioned earlier.

打破紀錄的電話交談時間長。

Oh, yes.

哦，是的。

In your question,

在你的問題中，

you asked how long the world's longest telephone conversation lasted.

你問世界上最長的電話交談持續了多久。

I guessed it was an incredible 24 hours and 4 minutes.

我猜是令人難以置信的24小時4分鐘。

Was I right?

我猜對了嗎？

Well, Neil, I'm afraid that was the wrong answer. 語氣意圖

嗯，Neil，恐怕那是個錯誤的答案。

In fact, the record-breaking conversation lasted

事實上，這場破紀錄的對話持續了

54 hours and 4 minutes,

54小時4分鐘，

about the same as 540 programs of 6 Minute English. 文法

大約等於540期《6 Minute English》節目的時間。

Wow.

哇。

Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned 表達脈絡

好的，讓我們回顧一下我們從

from this program on the art of good conversations,

這期關於良好對話藝術的節目中學到的詞彙，

starting with chinwag,

首先是 chinwag，

a long and pleasant conversation between friends.

指朋友之間漫長而愉快的交談。

When something is enriched,

當某事被 enriched（充實）時，

it's improved by having something else added to it.

它透過添加其他東西而得到了改善。

The survival instinct is the basic instinct in humans and animals

The survival instinct（生存本能）是人類和動物

to do something in a dangerous situation that will keep them alive.

在危險情況下為了活下來而做某事的基本本能。

If you build bridges,

如果你 build bridges（建立橋樑），

you improve relationships between people

你就是在改善那些

who are very different or do not like each other.

截然不同或互不喜歡的人之間的關係。

Tittle-tattle is talk about other people's lives

Tittle-tattle（閒言閒語）是指談論別人的生活，

that is usually unkind, disapproving, or untrue.

且通常是不友善、不贊同或不真實的。

And finally, if you talk over someone,

最後，如果你 talk over someone（蓋過某人說話），

you silence or drown them out by talking more loudly than them. 片語動詞

你就會用比他們更大的聲音來讓他們安靜或淹沒他們的聲音。

That's the end of our conversation,

我們的對話到此結束，

but remember to join us soon

但記得很快再來加入我們，

for more trending topics and useful vocabulary.

獲取更多熱門話題和實用詞彙。

Bye for now.

先再見了。

Goodbye.

再見。

6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

來自 bbclearningenglish.com 的 6 Minute English。