尋找阿波羅10號登月艙：英語精讀講義

This is the Apollo 10 crew getting ready to leave behind Snoopy, 片語動詞

這是阿波羅10號機組人員正準備留下Snoopy，

the lunar module.

也就是登月艙。

This was an important step before the crew could return to Earth.

這是機組人員返回地球前的重要一步。

But, it didn't quite go as planned. 片語搭配

但是，事情並沒有完全按計畫進行。

As the explosive bolts released,

當爆炸螺栓釋放時，

it blew a hole in the lunar module's hatch.

它在登月艙的艙門上炸出了一個洞。

This caused all of the air to rush out,

這導致所有的空氣噴湧而出，

making Snoopy shoot off much faster than expected. 文法

使得Snoopy以比預期快得多的速度射出。

In the blink of an eye, 慣用語

眨眼之間，

the crew lost track of the now abandoned spacecraft 片語搭配

機組人員就跟丟了這艘現在被廢棄的太空船，

as it went into the sun's glare.

因為它飛進了太陽的強光中。

This was the last time the lunar module was ever captured on camera.

這是登月艙最後一次被相機拍攝到。

A few hours later,

幾個小時後，

NASA lost track of the spacecraft,

NASA失去了這艘太空船的蹤跡，

and its location remained completely unknown for decades.

幾十年內它的位置一直完全無人知曉。

But, in 2018,

但是，在2018年，

astronomers discovered an object flying by Earth

天文學家發現了一個飛過地球的物體，

that might just be this lost lunar module from 1969. 文法

它可能就是這艘1969年遺失的登月艙。

But, where had it been this entire time? 文法

但是，這整段時間它都在哪裡呢？

In this video,

在這部影片中，

we're going to look at the crazy journey of Apollo 10's lunar module 表達脈絡

我們將了解阿波羅10號登月艙的瘋狂旅程，

and how astronomers might have managed to find it

以及天文學家可能是如何設法找到它的，

after 50 years in space.

在它於太空中漂泊了50年之後。

We'll also be giving away this Apollo 11 poster.

我們還將贈送這張阿波羅11號的海報。

So, stick around to the end of the video

所以，請看到影片最後，

to see how you could win.

看看你如何能夠中獎。

Over the course of the Apollo missions, 片語搭配

在阿波羅任務期間，

a total of 10 lunar modules were flown in space.

共有10個登月艙在太空中飛行過。

Two were used for testing around Earth

其中兩個用於在地球周圍進行測試，

and eventually burned up in the atmosphere.

並最終在大氣層中燒毀。

On the famous Apollo 13 mission,

在著名的阿波羅13號任務中，

one served as a lifeboat for the crew 慣用語

其中一個被用作機組人員的救生艇，

before also burning up in Earth's atmosphere.

之後同樣在地球大氣層中燒毀。

The rest were purposely crashed into the moon

其餘的則在成功完成任務後，

after successfully completing their mission.

被故意撞向月球。

But, Apollo 10 was a bit different.

但是，阿波羅10號有些不同。

Designed as a rehearsal for the upcoming Apollo 11 mission, 文法

作為即將到來的阿波羅11號任務的演習，

Apollo 10 did everything

阿波羅10號完成了所有工作，

apart from actually landing on the moon. 文法

除了實際登陸月球。

Once in lunar orbit,

一旦進入月球軌道，

astronauts Thomas Stafford and Eugene Cernan

太空人托馬斯·斯塔福德和尤金·塞爾南

descended to just 15 km above the lunar surface.

下降到距離月球表面僅15公里的高度。

After testing out Snoopy's systems, 片語動詞

在測試了Snoopy的系統之後，

the bottom half of the lunar module was ditched

登月艙的下半部分被拋棄，

and eventually crashed into the moon.

並最終墜毀在月球上。

Now, with just the top half,

現在，只剩下上半部分，

the astronauts returned to the command module

太空人們回到了指令艙，

and prepared to leave Snoopy behind.

準備將Snoopy留下。

But, after releasing Snoopy,

但是，在釋放Snoopy之後，

it disappeared behind the sun's glare,

它消失在了太陽的強光後，

and the astronauts lost track of where it went.

太空人們也失去了它的去向。

Because it was following the same path as the crew,

因為它正沿著與機組人員相同的路徑飛行，

NASA was worried that its orbit might come back

NASA擔心它的軌道可能會折返，

and collide with the command module.

並與指令艙相撞。

However, it still had a lot of fuel left over. 片語動詞

然而，它仍然剩下很多燃料。

And so,

因此，

instead of letting it crash into the moon, 文法

NASA決定不讓它撞向月球，

NASA decided to fire its engines

而是決定啟動它的引擎，

and send it on a trajectory

將它送入一條軌道，

far away from the astronauts.

遠離太空人。

Snoopy continued burning until it ran out of fuel 片語動詞

Snoopy繼續燃燒，直到燃料耗盡，

a few minutes later.

那是幾分鐘後的事了。

Despite losing track of it initially, 文法

儘管一開始失去了它的蹤跡，

the astronauts on board the command module

但指令艙上的太空人

actually saw Snoopy performing its burn.

實際上看到了Snoopy進行燃燒。

This was the last time Snoopy was ever seen by humans.

這是人類最後一次看到Snoopy。

Many decades went by,

幾十年過去了，

and astronomers started to look for the abandoned spacecraft.

天文學家開始尋找這艘廢棄的太空船。

But, in order to find Snoopy after 50 years in space, 表達脈絡

但是，為了在太空漂泊50年後找到Snoopy，

they needed to know exactly

他們需要確切知道

where it went after leaving the moon.

它離開月球後去了哪裡。

To understand where Snoopy went after its burn,

要了解Snoopy在燃燒後去了哪裡，

we need to look at how the Earth and Moon were positioned.

我們需要看看地球和月球的位置。

The Earth orbits the sun counter-clockwise 用詞

地球逆時針繞太陽公轉，

at around 30 km/s.

速度約為30公里/秒。

The Moon orbits the Earth counter-clockwise at around 1 km/s.

月球逆時針繞地球公轉，速度約為1公里/秒。

And so, relative to the sun,

因此，相對於太陽，

the Moon also moves at roughly 30 km/s.

月球也以大約30公里/秒的速度移動。

The Apollo 10 crew were orbiting the Moon clockwise,

阿波羅10號的機組人員正在順時針繞月飛行，

so in the opposite direction

所以方向剛好與

to the Moon's orbit around Earth.

月球繞地球的軌道相反。

When Snoopy did its final burn,

當Snoopy進行最後一次燃燒時，

the Moon was around here,

月球大約在這個位置，

on the Earth's trailing side. 用詞

在地球的後側。

This burn added an extra 1 km/s to its Moon velocity,

這次燃燒為它的月球速度增加了額外的1公里/秒，

allowing it to escape the Moon's gravity. 文法

讓它逃脫了月球的引力。

But, because this velocity was in the opposite direction to its motion around the sun,

但是，因為這個速度與它繞太陽運動的方向相反，

Snoopy's speed relative to the sun

Snoopy相對於太陽的速度

was now slower than that of Earth. 文法

現在比地球還要慢了。

This burn effectively slammed on the brakes 慣用語

這次燃燒有效地踩下了煞車，

while the Earth and Moon carried on as normal. 片語動詞

而地球和月球則照常前進。

This meant Snoopy now had a little bit less velocity

這意味著Snoopy現在用來對抗太陽引力的速度

to fight against the sun's gravity.

稍微變慢了一點。

And so,

因此，

its orbit got pulled in. 文法

它的軌道被向內拉了。

Now, traveling mostly on the inside of Earth's orbit,

現在，Snoopy主要在地球軌道的內側運行，

Snoopy was completing its lap around the sun

它繞太陽一圈的時間

quicker than Earth,

比地球更快，

once every 342 days.

每342天一次。

This meant it started to race ahead of the Earth 表達脈絡

這意味著它開始跑到地球前面，

and slowly pull away.

並慢慢拉開距離。

Snoopy continued racing around the sun

Snoopy繼續繞著太陽競速

for another 15 years

又過了15年，

before it finally made a close flyby of Earth. 片語搭配

直到它終於近距離飛掠地球。

When this happened,

當這件事發生時，

Earth's gravity pulled on the spacecraft,

地球的引力拉扯了這艘太空船，

changing its orbit ever so slightly. 片語搭配

極其微小地改變了它的軌道。

We know where Snoopy went after it left the Moon.

我們知道Snoopy離開月球後去了哪裡。

The problem is, 表達脈絡

問題是，

all of this is based on just a few days worth of data 文法

這一切都只是基於幾天的可用數據，

after Snoopy separated,

也就是在Snoopy分離之後，

and every future encounter with Earth

而每一次未來與地球的相遇

would have changed its trajectory,

都會改變它的軌跡，

adding much more uncertainty to its location.

給它的位置增加了極大的不確定性。

But, knowing these uncertainties

但是，了解這些不確定性

allowed astronomers to limit their search 片語搭配

讓天文學家能夠將他們的搜索範圍限制在

to a specific part of the sky.

天空中特定的區域。

But, this was no easy task, 片語搭配

但這絕非易事，

since astronomers would have to search for a 4-m wide object

因為天文學家必須尋找一個4公尺寬的物體，

in an absolutely massive area of space.

在絕對巨大的太空區域中。

Nonetheless,

儘管如此，

finding Snoopy became the Holy Grail for astronomers, 慣用語

尋找Snoopy成為了天文學家們的聖杯，

and it was only a matter of time 慣用語

他們發現一些特別的東西

before they found something special.

只是時間問題。

According to the predictions,

根據預測，

Snoopy would have made several close encounters with Earth,

Snoopy本應與地球有過幾次近距離接觸，

with the most recent one being in 2018. 文法

最近的一次是在2018年。

That is when astronomers discovered this very faint object

就在那時，天文學家發現了這個非常黯淡的物體

flying through our night sky.

正飛過我們的夜空。

Initially thought to just be an asteroid, 文法

最初它被認為只是一顆小行星，

astronomers became suspicious

但天文學家開始起了疑心

after analyzing it a bit further.

在進一步分析之後。

Asteroids typically have a more oval shaped orbit

小行星通常擁有更呈橢圓形的軌道，

on a plane that's tilted compared to Earth.

而且其軌道面相對於地球是傾斜的。

Initial calculations of this object

對這個物體的初步計算

showed that it had a more circular orbit around the sun.

顯示它有一個更接近圓形的繞日軌道。

On further inspection, 表達脈絡

進一步檢查發現，

the orbital plane of this object wasn't tilted, 表達脈絡

這個物體的軌道面並沒有傾斜，

but in fact,

而事實上，

perfectly matched the orbital plane of Earth.

完美匹配了地球的軌道面。

This meant it was more likely to be something

這意味著它更有可能是某種

that originated from Earth.

起源於地球的東西。

The object was also moving at a very similar speed to Earth,

該物體的移動速度也與地球非常相似，

whereas an asteroid would usually have a much greater speed. 文法

而小行星的速度通常要大得多。

Another important giveaway was the object's brightness. 用詞

另一個重要的線索是物體的亮度。

Astronomers had calculated what an object with Snoopy's shape, 文法

天文學家已經計算出，具有Snoopy形狀、

size, and material

大小和材料的物體

would look like at various distances,

在不同距離下看起來會是什麼樣子，

and the light from this object

而來自這個物體的光

seemed to match that.

似乎與此吻合。

Amazingly,

令人驚訝的是，

astronomers discovered this object

天文學家發現這個物體時，

when it was 55 million km away from us.

它距離我們有5500萬公里遠。

But, this meant it was too faint to really analyze. 文法

但這這意味著它太黯淡，無法真正進行分析。

In the past,

在過去，

NASA was able to identify a long-lost Centaur upper stage 文化背景

NASA曾能夠識別出一個失落已久的半人馬座上面級

using spectroscopy observations.

就是使用了光譜觀測技術。

This works by measuring the light from an object 表達脈絡

這項技術是透過測量物體發出的光

at different wavelengths

在不同波長下

and determining what material it's made from.

並確定它是由什麼材料構成的。

Different materials will absorb and reflect light 片語搭配

不同的材料會吸收和反射光

at different wavelengths.

在不同的波長下。

By comparing these spectroscopy graphs 文法

透過比較這些光譜圖

with materials here on Earth,

與地球上的材料，

we can identify what material

我們可以識別出該物體

the object must be made of.

必然是由什麼材料製成的。

This object is too far and dim

這個物體太遠太暗了

for us to perform measurements like this,

我們無法進行這樣的測量，

and we will have to wait until 2028 文法

我們將不得不等到2028年，

for it to make another flyby of Earth.

等它再次飛掠地球。

Only then will we be able to do spectroscopy observations 文法

只有到那時，我們才能進行光譜觀測

and confirm if it really is Snoopy.

並確認它是否真的是Snoopy。

Snoopy is the only spacecraft once occupied by humans 文法

Snoopy是唯一一艘曾經有人類乘坐

to still be traveling through space.

卻仍在太空中穿行的太空船。

Despite going off on a crazy journey 54 years ago,

儘管在54年前開啟了一段瘋狂的旅程，

the laws of physics

物理學定律

mean that it will continue

意味著它將繼續

to call home every now and then. 慣用語

時不時地回家看看。

Perhaps in the future, 表達脈絡

也許在未來，

we will have the ability to retrieve the abandoned spacecraft

我們將有能力回收這艘被遺棄的太空船

and finally bring it back to Earth,

並最終將它帶回地球，

where its crazy journey all began.

這裡是它瘋狂旅程的起點。

And now,

現在，

time for the Primal Space giveaway.

到了Primal Space抽獎的時間。

The winner of this awesome ISS LEGO model

這個超酷國際太空站樂高模型的獲勝者

is Alan Cardenas.

是Alan Cardenas。

Congratulations.

恭喜。

But, don't worry if you didn't win.

但是，如果你沒中獎也別擔心。

In the next video,

在下一部影片中，

we'll be giving away this amazing Apollo 11 poster.

我們將送出這張驚豔的阿波羅11號海報。

All you need to do 文法

你需要做的全部就是

is sign up at the link below

在下方的連結註冊

and leave a comment saying

並留言說說

what kind of condition

什麼樣的狀態

you think Snoopy would be in now.

你認為Snoopy現在會處於。

Thank you very much for watching,

非常感謝您的觀看，

and I'll see you in the next video.

我們下部影片再見。