氣候變遷會影響我們的心理健康嗎？⏲️ 6分鐘英語：英語精讀講義

Six Minute English

六分鐘英語

from BBCLearningEnglish.com.

來自 BBCLearningEnglish.com。

Hello and welcome to

大家好，歡迎收聽

Six Minute English from BBC Learning English.

BBC Learning English 的六分鐘英語。

I'm Beth.

我是 Beth。

And I'm Neil.

我是 Neil。

Today, we're going to talk about climate change 表達脈絡

今天，我們要來談談氣候變遷

and how it can affect people's mental health. 片語搭配

以及它如何影響人們的心理健康。

Natural disasters and the impacts of climate change can be stressful.

自然災害和氣候變遷的影響可能會帶來壓力。

Isn't that right, Beth?

是不是這樣，Beth？

Yeah, definitely.

是的，絕對是。

In today's episode,

在今天的節目中，

we're going to find out about how people can protect their mental health 講解

我們將了解人們可以如何保護他們的心理健康

from the impacts of climate change.

免受氣候變遷的影響。

We'll be hearing from a psychiatry expert

我們將聽取一位精神醫學專家的意見

and a man who survived a wildfire

以及一位在野火中倖存下來

and helped rebuild his town.

並協助重建小鎮的男士的分享。

But first, Beth, 表達脈絡

但首先，Beth，

I have a question for you.

我有一個問題要問妳。

Scientists aren't always sure 文法

科學家並不總是確定

whether natural disasters like floods and wildfires

像洪水和野火這類的自然災害

are as a result of human-caused climate change. 講解

是否是人為氣候變遷造成的結果。

But in January 2025,

但在 2025 年 1 月，

big wildfires affected big parts of Los Angeles

大規模野火影響了加州洛杉磯的

in California.

大部分地區。

But according to the research organization World Weather Attribution, 講解

但根據研究組織「世界天氣歸因」（World Weather Attribution）的數據，

human-caused climate change made the fires

人為氣候變遷使這些火災發生的機率

A, 10% more likely, 文法

A，增加了 10%，

B, 35% more likely,

B，增加了 35%，

or C, 20% less likely?

還是 C，減少了 20%？

Um, I'm going to say

嗯，我會猜

10% more likely.

增加了 10%。

Okay, well,

好的，那麼，

we'll find out the answer at the end of the program.

我們將在節目最後揭曉答案。

Now, natural disasters like floods and wildfires

現在，像洪水和野火這類的自然災害

can destroy homes and communities.

可以摧毀家園和社區。

People who live in areas affected by natural disasters 文法

生活在受自然災害影響地區的人們

can often experience climate trauma. 片語搭配

經常會經歷氣候創傷。

Trauma is what we call the very bad and long-lasting emotional effects 講解

創傷是我們用來形容一個事件或經歷

of an event or experience.

所帶來的極其糟糕且持久的情感影響。

Professor Jyoti Mishra is an expert in climate trauma

Jyoti Mishra 教授是加州大學的

at the University of California.

氣候創傷專家。

She explained more about the condition to Graihagh Jackson,

她向 Graihagh Jackson 進一步說明了這個情況，

host of BBC World Service program

Graihagh Jackson 是 BBC 國際頻道節目

The Climate Question.

《氣候問題》（The Climate Question）的主持人。

Climate trauma is not an individual 表達脈絡

氣候創傷不是個人的

trauma. It's a community-wide trauma, 用詞

創傷。它是全社區的創傷，

which really requires community-wide healing.

這確實需要整個社區共同來療癒。

Yeah, I'm really struck by what you've said 慣用語

是的，我對妳所說的感到非常震撼，

about the fact that it's whole communities that are affected, 文法

關於受影響的是整個社區，

not individuals.

而不是個人這件事。

But also part of the solution is about the community 片語搭配

而且部分解決方案也在於社區

and how it rebuilds and reknits together. 慣用語

以及它如何重建和重新凝聚在一起。

Absolutely. Yes.

絕對是。沒錯。

So, we've found that individuals

所以，我們發現那些

who have a greater sense of positive support from their family 片語搭配

感受到家人給予較大正面支持的個體，

and a greater sense of meaningful connection with their community,

以及與社區有較深意義連結的個體，

they are in general more resilient.

他們通常較具韌性。

Jyoti's research on climate trauma

Jyoti 關於氣候創傷的研究

has found that it affects communities

發現它影響的是社區

rather than individuals. 表達脈絡

而不是個人。

Host of the program,

節目主持人

Graihagh Jackson, is struck by what Jyoti says.

Graihagh Jackson 對 Jyoti 的話印象深刻。

If you're struck by an idea,

如果你對某個想法感到「struck」（被打動/震撼），

you find it particularly interesting or impressive.

代表你覺得它特別有趣或令人印象深刻。

Graihagh says that part of the solution to climate trauma

Graihagh 說，氣候創傷的部分解決方案

could be in how the community reknits together.

可能在於社區如何「reknits together」（重新凝聚）。

This means how the social connections in a community

這意味著一個社區內的社會連結是如何

are restored.

被修復的。

We can often describe a community as close-knit, 片語搭配

我們經常可以把一個社區形容為「close-knit」（緊密相連的），

which means everyone helps and supports each other.

意思就是大家互相幫忙和支持。

Jyoti explains that having a strong community

Jyoti 解釋說，擁有一個強大的社區

also helps reduce or heal climate trauma. 片語搭配

也有助於減輕或療癒氣候創傷。

She says that research has found

她說研究指出

that people who have a strong community

擁有強大社區支持的人

are more resilient

會更「resilient」（具韌性/有復原力）

when bad things like natural disasters happen.

當像自然災害這類糟糕的事情發生時。

If you're resilient, 用詞

如果你是「resilient」（具韌性），

you're able to get better more easily

你就比較容易能恢復過來

after something difficult or bad happens.

在發生了困難或糟糕的事情之後。

One person who had to be resilient

有一位必須堅強並具備韌性的人

is Brad Sherwood.

是 Brad Sherwood。

He survived a wildfire in Northern California in 2017

他在 2017 年北加州一場

called the Tubbs Fire.

名為「塔布斯大火」（Tubbs Fire）的野火中倖存了下來。

But when he returned home,

但是當他回到家時，

his neighborhood was destroyed.

他的街區已經被毀了。

Brad started to volunteer for a local support network 片語搭配

Brad 開始在一個名為

called After the Fire

「大火之後」（After the Fire）的當地支持網絡擔任志工，

to try to rebuild his community. 片語搭配

試圖重建他的社區。

As he explained to BBC World Service program

正如他向 BBC 國際頻道節目

The Climate Question.

《氣候問題》所解釋的那樣。

The silver lining in all this, 慣用語

這一切當中的一線希望是，

I mean, if it wasn't for the Tubbs Fire, 文法

我的意思是，如果不是因為塔布斯大火，

we wouldn't be working as a community right now 片語搭配

我們現在就不會以一個社區的身分共同努力

to build a new community plaza.

去建造一個新的社區廣場。

We were a close community before the Tubbs,

在塔布斯大火發生前，我們就是一個關係緊密的社區，

but afterwards,

但在那之後，

we are so much stronger and resilient.

我們變得更加堅強且具韌性。

And I think our children are as well. 文法

而且我認為我們的孩子們也是如此。

They can jump over any hurdle. 慣用語

他們能跨越任何障礙。

Brad says that the work to rebuild and improve his community

Brad 說，重建和改善他社區的這項工作

is the silver lining to the fire.

是這場火災的「silver lining」（一線希望）。

The expression silver lining

「silver lining」這個詞彙

means a positive thing that comes from a negative situation.

是指從負面情況中產生的正面事物。

Brad's community became more resilient after the fire,

Brad 的社區在火災後變得更具韌性，

including the children.

包含孩子們也是。

He says that they can jump over any hurdle.

他說他們能跨過任何「hurdle」（障礙）。

We can describe challenges or difficult things in life

我們可以把生活中的挑戰或困難

as hurdles.

描述為「hurdles」。

And it's quite inspiring,

而這相當激勵人心，

I think,

我認為，

to hear how Brad has taken a bad situation 表達脈絡

聽到 Brad 是如何面對糟糕的處境

and tried to stay resilient.

並試著保持韌性。

Now, the organization that Brad volunteers for,

現在，Brad 擔任志工的組織

After the Fire,

「大火之後」，

are helping those impacted by the fires in LA 文法

正在協助 1 月份受洛杉磯野火影響的人們

in January.

在 1 月份。

Which reminds me, 表達脈絡

這提醒了我，

I asked you, Beth,

我曾問過妳，Beth，

about the impacts of human-made climate change

關於人為氣候變遷對

on the wildfires in LA in January.

1 月份洛杉磯野火的影響。

And I said 10% more likely.

我當時回答是機率增加了 10%。

Which was,

而這，

I'm afraid, 語氣意圖

恐怕，

the wrong answer.

是錯誤的答案。

It was actually 35%.

實際上是 35%。

Wow.

哇。

Okay, well,

好的，那麼，

let's recap the vocabulary we've learned 表達脈絡

讓我們來複習一下今天學到的單字，

starting with trauma,

從「trauma」（創傷）開始，

which is what we call the very bad and long-lasting emotional effects

這是我們用來形容某個事件或經歷

of an event or experience.

所帶來的極其糟糕且持久的情感影響。

If you're struck by an idea

如果你對某個想法

or something someone has said,

或某人說的話感到「struck」（被打動），

you find it particularly interesting or impressive.

你覺得它特別有趣或令人印象深刻。

If a community reknits together,

如果一個社區「reknits together」（重新凝聚），

it becomes closer again.

它會再次變得更加緊密。

And a close-knit community

而一個「close-knit」（緊密相連的）社區

is where everyone looks after each other. 片語動詞

就是每個人都會互相照顧的地方。

Resilient means able to get better more easily

「Resilient」意思是更容易能恢復過來

when bad things happen.

當壞事發生時。

A silver lining is a positive thing that comes from a negative situation.

「A silver lining」（一線希望）是從負面情況中產生的正面事物。

And we can describe challenges or difficult things in life

我們能把生活中的挑戰或困難

as hurdles.

描述為「hurdles」（障礙）。

Once again,

再一次，

our six minutes are up.

我們的六分鐘時間到了。

But why not try the interactive quiz on our website 語氣意圖

不過何不試試我們網站上的互動測驗

to test what you've learnt.

來測試你學到了什麼呢。

And we have a free worksheet as well.

而且我們還有免費的學習單。

Just visit bbclearningenglish.com.

只要造訪 bbclearningenglish.com 即可。

Thanks for listening and goodbye.

感謝您的收聽，再見。

Bye.

拜拜。

Six Minute English

六分鐘英語

from BBCLearningEnglish.com.

來自 BBCLearningEnglish.com。