蛀牙是怎麼產生的？ - 梅爾·羅森伯格：英語精讀講義

哪一種解釋最符合本句中 came across some 15,000-year-old human remains 的意思？

1. 他們走過了整整 15,000 具人類遺骸。
2. 他們在 15,000 年前刻意製造了人類遺骸。
3. 他們碰巧發現了約有 15,000 年歷史的人類遺骸。

請用本課中表示「充斥著許多有害問題」的片語完成句子：The report was ____ factual errors.

still plagues us today 在這個句子裡是什麼意思？

1. 它今天才第一次以瘟疫的形式出現。
2. 這個問題如今仍持續帶給我們嚴重困擾。
3. 它在今天以前就不再影響人們了。

用包含 soon、表示「之後不久」的兩字片語完成句子：The symptoms faded ____ treatment.

用表示「透過接觸而自然學會」的片語動詞完成句子：Last month, Omar ____ several local expressions by listening to his classmates.

哪個句子用 as 表示兩個過程隨時間同步發展？

1. As the school year progresses, the lessons become more challenging.
2. As a tour guide, Lena speaks to visitors every day.
3. As the road was closed, we took another route.

哪個句子正確使用 Depending on，把天氣條件放在可能的結果之前？

1. Depending on the weather, the picnic may move indoors.
2. The weather depending on, the picnic may move indoors.
3. Depending the weather, the picnic may move indoors.

哪個句子正確在 can 後面使用兩個並列的動詞原形，並正確使用牙科用語 cause cavities？

1. Some mouth bacteria can overpopulate and causing cavities.
2. Some mouth bacteria can overpopulation and cause cavities.
3. Some mouth bacteria can overpopulate and cause cavities.

用本課的目標片語完成句子：Foods ____ fiber can help you feel full.

哪一句中的 an explosion of 表示突然大幅增加？

1. After the video went viral, there was an explosion of interest in the artist.
2. Firefighters investigated an explosion in the warehouse.
3. The town reported a gradual increase in visitors over ten years.

請用表示暫時角色的字補完整句子：In the emergency, we used a clean jar ____ a measuring cup.

閱讀句子：The museum received help in the form of materials such as archival boxes. 這句話是什麼意思？

1. 檔案盒是博物館收到的唯一一種協助。
2. 檔案盒是作為協助收到的材料中的一個例子。
3. 博物館把檔案盒變成了所有材料。

哪個句子在 be + 形容詞結構之後正確使用了省略？

1. The coating is resistant to heat, but the plastic doesn't.
2. The coating is resistant to heat, but the plastic isn't.
3. The coating is resistant to heat, but the plastic not.

哪個句子中的 while 與原句一樣表示讓步？

1. While the case is strong, it cannot protect the phone from every fall.
2. While I repaired the case, my friend waited nearby.
3. While the phone was charging, I read a book.

用本課的確切表達完成句子：Even the thick gloves were ____ the freezing wind.

哪一項最準確地解釋了句中的比喻和過程？

1. 酸逐漸削弱琺瑯質，並從中帶走鈣礦物質。
2. 琺瑯質釋放酸，以便添加更多的鈣。
3. 酸立即在琺瑯質周圍造出一層堅硬的金屬外殼。

請用 wear down 的正確過去式描述逐漸磨損：Years of footsteps ____ the stone steps until a shallow dip appeared.

下面哪一句中的 Since 表示 because，而不是「從過去某時開始」？

1. Since the roads are icy, the school will open late.
2. It has been three days since the storm ended.
3. I have lived near the school since 2020.

用動詞 spread 的正確形式完成這個現實條件句：If an infection ____, the symptoms may worsen.

用 cause 和 rise 的正確形式表示一個結果和同時發生的變化：The leak worsened, ____ water to spread across the floor as the water level ____.

請用本講解中的兩個名詞完成這句醫療警示：Without ____, a badly damaged tooth may require ____.

請使用本講解中的三字因果總結片語：The school play started late, ____ a power failure.

選擇正確使用 the more ..., the more ... 結構來連結兩項變化的句子。

1. The more you practice, you become more confident.
2. The more you practice, the more confident you become.
3. More you practice, more confident you become.

選擇 indulge in 表示讓自己享受愉快的犒賞，而不是表示上癮的句子。

1. After the hike, we avoided hot chocolate.
2. After the hike, we became addicted to hot chocolate.
3. After the hike, we indulged in hot chocolate.

這組句子採用了什麼資訊安排方式？

1. 先提出一個出乎預期的結果，再說明所假設的飲食通常會讓人預期什麼。
2. 結束前面的主題，轉而介紹一項與糖有關的獨立事實。
3. 先認定肉類是已證實的原因，再提出支持證據。

哪一句最適合補完這個過去假設的結果？If the museum had installed better alarms, ...

1. There would have been a lower risk of theft.
2. There was a lower risk of theft.
3. There would be a lower risk of theft next year.

哪一個句子既保留了「相機能拍出清晰照片」這項事實，又表示相機還有更多功能？

1. The camera takes clear photos, but that is not true.
2. The camera takes clear photos, but that's not all it can do.
3. The camera takes clear photos, but that's all it can do.

哪一個句子既正確地對過去作出有依據的推論，又表示列出的每一件物品都具有相同特性？

1. The travelers would also have carried maps, letters, and journals, all of them were useful on the journey.
2. The travelers would also have carried maps, letters, and journals, some of which were useful on the journey.
3. The travelers would also carried maps, letters, and journals, all of which were useful on the journey.
4. The travelers would also have carried maps, letters, and journals, all of which were useful on the journey.

用 break down 的 get 被動形式完成句子：In a compost bin, food scraps ____ into soil-like material over time.

這句話如何組織說明內容？

1. 句子列出三個互不相關、沒有文法連結的事實。
2. 句子說細菌接觸了糖，接著分解唾液。
3. 先提出接觸條件，再描述分解過程，最後說明一種可能的結果。

哪一句中的 fodder 是比喻用法，表示能讓某項活動繼續發展的材料？

1. After the hike, the children were ravenous.
2. The leaked report became fodder for public debate.
3. The farmer stored fodder for the cattle.

用 While 和 still 完成讓步結構：____ the room is small, it ____ feels comfortable.

用完整結構 That doesn't mean ..., though 補完句子：The game is difficult. ____ we cannot win, ____.

哪一項最準確地說明這些考古證據支持什麼結論？

1. 實物痕跡顯示，大約一萬四千年前，人們曾用磨尖的石頭去除牙齒上腐壞的部分。
2. 人們不攝取糖，所以牙齒一直很健康。
3. 文字記錄指出，大約一萬四千年前，牙醫就使用現代牙鑽。

beeswax to plug cavities, like modern-day fillings 這個比較是什麼意思？

1. 古人使用的材料和方法與現代牙醫使用的完全相同。
2. 蜂蠟藉由堵住牙洞，發揮了類似補牙填補物的作用。
3. 蜂蠟為鑽具提供了電力。

哪一句使用 , which is fortunate because ... 來評價前面的整個情況，並接著說明原因？

1. The town opened a second shelter, which is fortunate because a storm is approaching.
2. The town opened a second shelter, which are fortunate because a storm is approaching.
3. The town opened a second shelter which stores emergency blankets.

用本課中表示「應付難題」的較正式片語完成句子：Coastal towns must ____ rising sea levels.

哪一句中的 incidence 表示「某一群體中新病例的發生率」？

1. The incidence of heat-related illness surged during the heat wave.
2. The prevalence of heat-related illness was measured on one particular day.
3. Several heat-related incidents were reported during the heat wave.

哪一個句子使用相同的清楚順序——時間背景、結果、原因——來說明一項合理的變化？

1. After the new rail line opened, tourism surged because the town became easier to reach.
2. Because tourism surged, the town became easier to reach after the new rail line opened.
3. Before the new rail line opened, tourism surged even though the town was difficult to reach.

使用 make + 受詞 + 形容詞結構，並依序使用 made、the medicine、cheaper 和 more accessible 完成句子：Mass production ____.

哪一項最準確地解釋了標示的句子？

1. 說話者認為 92% 是高得驚人的比例，並表示這些成年人截至目前曾經有過蛀牙。
2. 說話者表示恰好 92% 的美國成年人目前都有尚未治療的蛀牙。
3. 說話者認為 92% 這個數字太難以置信，因此不值得信任。

用 susceptible 的比較結構表示風險，並用 due to 引出原因，完成句子：Lithium batteries are ____ damage ____ extreme heat.

請用 be to blame 的正確形式完成句子：For most late deliveries, heavy traffic ____.

哪一句表示第一個方案可能有幫助，接著補充說明延長期限並不是唯一的選擇？

1. The first plan may help. Beside extending the deadline, we have other options.
2. The first plan may help. However, we have other options besides extending the deadline.
3. The first plan may help. However, we have no option except extending the deadline.

哪一句能自然表達「這種牙膏含有極少量的防蛀物質」？

1. The toothpaste contains a tiny amount of fluorine.
2. The toothpaste contains a tiny amount of fluoride.
3. The toothpaste contains a tiny number of fluoride.

哪一句自然使用了相同的機制說明結構：strengthens ...、encourages the growth of ...，以及含有 build up 的關係子句？

1. The mentoring program strengthens study skills and encourages the growth of peer networks that build up learners' confidence.
2. The mentoring program encourages confident learners because their study skills are already strong.
3. The mentoring program strengthens study skills, but growing peer networks can make learners less independent.

用 fill 和 close off 的正確形式，以及 prevent ... from ... 中缺少的字完成句子：We use foam ____ the gap and ____ the opening, preventing cold air ____ entering.

請用一個表示「減少，但不停止」的三字片語動詞完成句子：My doctor says I can still have coffee, but I should ____ it.

哪一句在 The best way to ... is ... 後正確使用了兩個平行的 -ing 行動？

1. The best way to stay healthy is eating balanced meals and to exercise regularly.
2. The best way to stay healthy is eat balanced meals and exercising regularly.
3. The best way to stay healthy is eating balanced meals and exercising regularly.

請用本課中分別表示「經常落實」和「清除」的表達完成健康建議：____ good kitchen hygiene helps ____ harmful bacteria.

哪一句正確使用 That includes ...，用結構平行的行動清單展開一般概念？

1. Preparing for a school trip takes planning. That include checking the schedule, packing lunch, and bringing a water bottle.
2. Preparing for a school trip takes planning. That includes checking the schedule, to pack lunch, and a water bottle.
3. Preparing for a school trip takes planning. That includes checking the schedule, packing lunch, and bringing a water bottle.

哪一句正確地把形容詞列表與關係子句結合起來，描述黏在某個表面上的多個物體？

1. The cleaner removes greasy, burnt, and sticky bits that clings to the pan.
2. The cleaner removes greasy, burnt, and sticky bits that cling to the pan.
3. The cleaner removes greasy, burnt, and sticky bits that cling the pan.

哪一句正確表示某種生物族群的數量會變少？

1. The population of bees in the orchard will decline it.
2. The population of bees in the orchard will reduce.
3. The population of bees in the orchard will decline.

哪一句正確使用 Unlike 和 today 建立清楚的古今對比？

1. Unlike maps of yesteryear, travelers today can get live directions on their phones.
2. Unlike travelers of yesteryear, travelers today can get live directions on their phones.
3. Unlike travelers used paper maps, travelers today can get live directions on their phones.

畫線片語在這句話中起什麼作用？

1. 它把 cavity calamity 當成正式的臨床診斷名稱。
2. 它表示這些知識可以預防嚴重的蛀牙問題，並用誇張的頭韻讓結尾更容易記住。
3. 它表示一場牙科災難已經發生，而且無法預防。

請用本課中表示「只需要」的三個英文單字完成句子：The plan is ready; we ____ follow it.