醜陋的歷史：西班牙宗教裁判所 - 凱拉·沃爾夫 (Kayla Wolf)：英語精讀講義

請用 turn oneself in 的正確形式完成句子：After speaking with their lawyer, the suspects ____ to the police.

完成固定結構 confess to + -ing：After hours of questioning, he confessed ____ hiding the evidence.

本句中的 The Spanish Inquisition 指什麼？

1. 由西班牙王權支持的歷史宗教審判制度
2. 普通的資訊詢問
3. 塞維亞的一所現代大學

請用 issue 的過去式完成這個正式搭配：After the emergency meeting, the governor ____ a decree limiting water use.

用表示「找出並徹底清除」的兩字片語動詞完成句子：The new controls are designed to ____ fraud across the company.

以下哪一項最符合 a confederacy of semi-independent kingdoms 所描述的政治結構？

1. 彼此沒有政治關係的一群城市
2. 作為一個中央集權國家完全統一治理的單一王國
3. 由仍保有一定自主權的王國組成的政治聯盟

選出正確使用 would 表示「從過去時間點看後來結果」的句子。

1. In 1910, she moved to a village that will become a major city decades later.
2. In 1910, she moved to a village that would become a major city decades later.
3. In 1910, she moved to a village that would have become a major city decades later.

選出正確使用句首 Though 的標準英文句子。

1. Though the task difficult, the team completed it on time.
2. Though the task was difficult, but the team completed it on time.
3. Though the task was difficult, the team completed it on time.

請用 both ... and 完成句子：The city developed ____ culturally ____ economically.

哪一句正確使用 with + 名詞 + -ing 來補充背景資訊？

1. The meeting continued, with several reporters waiting outside.
2. The meeting continued, with waiting several reporters outside.
3. The meeting continued, with several reporters waited outside.

請用 turn one's attention to 的過去式完成句子：Once the immediate repairs were finished, the team ____ preventing future failures.

哪一句正確使用 rid X of Y？

1. The new filter will rid harmful bacteria from the water.
2. The new filter will remove the water of harmful bacteria.
3. The new filter will rid the water of harmful bacteria.

哪一句使用 would，從過去觀點說明後來發生的歷史事實？

1. The scientist published her first paper in 1905; she would win the prize twenty years later.
2. The scientist would win the prize if the judges selected her.
3. The scientist said she would be willing to help.

在這類解說中，On the ground, 通常表示什麼樣的資訊轉換？

1. 從現代轉向早得多的歷史時期
2. 從宏觀政策或制度轉向當地的實際運作
3. 從抽象主題轉向物體所在的實際位置

在本句中，groups called tribunals 指的是什麼？

1. 一般的地方討論團體
2. 各地舉行的宗教節慶
3. 具有審理案件或作出裁決權力的正式機構

在 Grand Inquisitor 中，Grand 表示什麼？

1. 這名官員在特定宗教裁判體系中的高階職位
2. 這個人特別善良
3. 這個人的身體很高大

使用 mark one's arrival with 的正確形式完成句子：The new principal ____ an open meeting for families.

在本段中，an edict of grace 是指什麼？

1. 一則讚美優雅舉止的公告
2. 一項正式公告：在限定期間內，向坦承異端行為的人承諾寬恕
3. 一項永久終止所有宗教審判的現代法律

哪一句正確使用句首 -ing 片語來說明工作坊通常持續多久？

1. Typically lasted two hours, the workshop includes a short break.
2. Typically lasting two hours, the workshop includes a short break.
3. Typically lasting two hours, the participants attend the workshop.

請使用 promise 的過去式、名詞 mercy 和必要的介系詞完成句子：The governor ____ the prisoners who surrendered.

用本課中表示「把某事作為依據」且由四個英文單字組成的片語完成句子：The committee made its decision ____ the documented evidence.

用 see oneself as 的正確形式完成句子：Maya ____ a future engineer, even though she is still in school.

哪一個句子正確使用了 hedge one's bets？

1. She applied to several universities to hedge her bets.
2. She checked the final score to hedge her bets.
3. She signed the only available contract to hedge her bets.

使用 buy 的正確形式，讓兩個動作保持平行：The team cut costs by repairing the old machine rather than ____ a new one.

暴風雨期間，Leo 延後了健行活動，後來步道淹水了。哪一句表示他的決定很明智？

1. Leo was right to delay the hike.
2. Leo delayed the hike correctly.
3. Leo had the right to delay the hike.

在句子 'The accused waited for the verdict,' 中，the accused 指誰？

1. 已經被證實有罪的人
2. 受到指控的人
3. 提出指控的人

哪一句自然地使用 or even，從較短的時間推進到更令人意外的較長時間？

1. The repair could take days or even weeks.
2. The repair could take days or even hours.
3. The repair could take weeks or even days.

哪一句正確使用被動省略子句，表達「計畫核准後將會發布」？

1. Once approved, the committee will publish the plan online.
2. Once approving, the plan will be published online.
3. Once approved, the plan will be published online.

哪一個句子自然地使用了 confiscate？

1. Customs officers confiscated the prohibited goods.
2. The waiter confiscated our empty plates after dinner.
3. Leah confiscated her coat from the closet before leaving.

在句子「The fire left the family on the street,」中，on the street 是什麼意思？

1. 這個家庭短暫站在戶外。
2. 這個家庭搬到另一條街。
3. 這個家庭變得無家可歸。

Under these conditions 放在句首時有什麼作用？

1. 用新的情況取代前文的情況。
2. 概括前文已經說明的情況，並引出一個結果。
3. 表示某物實際位於一組條件的下方。

在 most mundane forms of heresy 中，mundane 強調什麼？

1. 所謂的行為神祕而超自然。
2. 所謂的行為是最暴力的罪行。
3. 所謂的行為普通而瑣碎。

哪一項描述最準確地指出這句話的篇章組織功能？

1. 它引出一個序列，說明被針對的群體如何隨時間改變。
2. 它結束了對某一個人受審過程的敘述。
3. 它提供每個被針對群體居住的確切地點。

使用 at someone's urging，並將 his mentor 改為所有格形式完成句子：____, Leo submitted the application before the deadline.

用 either ... or ... 完成這個選擇句：You can ____ take the early train ____ drive there after lunch.

哪一句正確使用 risk + 名詞來表示一種可能發生的有害後果？

1. The reporters were imprisoned after publishing the evidence.
2. The reporters risked imprisonment by publishing the evidence.
3. The reporters feared imprisonment before publishing the evidence.

用本課中引出名稱或標籤的兩個字補完句子：The building is ____ the Old Exchange.

在「After following every rule, they weren't even safe」中，even 增加了什麼含義？

1. 他們比所有人預期的都更安全。
2. 安全只是一般清單中的一項。
3. 安全是最低限度的預期結果，但他們並沒有得到安全。

用固定結構 suspect someone of doing something 完成句子：Security suspected a visitor ____ taking the missing badge.

完成目標表達 directed at：The criticism was directed ____ the policy, not the staff.

哪一句中的 make up 表示「構成一個更大整體的一部分」？

1. Remote workers make up a large portion of the team.
2. She made up an excuse for missing the meeting.
3. The two friends made up after their argument.

例句中的 the upper middle class 是什麼意思？

1. 最富有的整個上層階級
2. 住在較高樓層的人
3. 中產階層中相對富裕或社會地位較高的部分

請用表示「把主要關注點轉向」的目標片語完成句子：After the first test, the team eventually ____ safety.

在本句中，Moriscos 指什麼？

1. 宗教改信者居住的一座西班牙城市。
2. 西班牙歷史上的特定群體：改信基督教的穆斯林及其後代。
3. 管理宗教裁判所的官員。

哪一句正確使用分詞片語來說明一項規定造成的結果？

1. The school introduced a new rule, forced every visitor to show identification.
2. The school introduced a new rule, forcing every visitor show identification.
3. The school introduced a new rule, forcing every visitor to show identification.

使用“those who”結構表達「那些留下來的人」：____ helped clean the room.

請用標示的法律片語完成句子，該片語表示已經被正式判定有罪：People ____ fraud may appeal the verdict.

以下哪一項最符合本句中 autos de fé 的含義？

1. 個別信徒私下進行的祈禱行為
2. 包含宗教儀式並公開宣讀裁決或刑罰的宗教裁判所公開儀式
3. 所有火刑處決的統稱

在本句中，the procession of sinners 是什麼意思？

1. 整個社群參加的歡樂節慶遊行
2. 信徒私下討論並懺悔自己的過錯
3. 正式的公開行進，展示被標為「罪人」的人

以下哪一項最符合本句中 sanbenito 的意思？

1. 宗教裁判官穿的普通制服
2. 一種公開把穿戴者標示為罪人的懺悔服
3. 在公共慶典上穿的節慶外套

用 mark her as 的過去式完成句子：Yesterday, Elena wore a blue badge that ____ an official volunteer.

在這個句子中，relaxado en persona 指什麼？

1. 對綁在火刑柱上燒死這種處決方式的歷史委婉說法
2. 釋放囚犯的赦免
3. 給予囚犯的一段休息時間

哪一句正確使用了 euphemism？

1. Passed away is a euphemism for died.
2. Purchase is a euphemism for buy.
3. Large is a euphemism for small.

用本課中表示「僅限某個特定群體」的表達完成句子：Access to the lab is ____ approved researchers.

在句子 “Lena met her namesake, a scientist from Brazil,” 中，namesake 告訴了你什麼？

1. 這位科學家也叫 Lena。
2. 這位科學家替 Lena 取了一個暱稱。
3. 這位科學家是 Lena 的近親。

閱讀句子：「Over thirty years after the observatory closed, it reopened to visitors.」它表示哪一種時間順序？

1. 天文台先重新開放，三十多年後關閉。
2. 天文台先關閉，三十多年後重新開放。
3. 天文台在三十年內關閉並重新開放。

哪一句表示該計畫是透過正式決定終止的？

1. The university finally ended the program after months of delays.
2. The university formally ended the program after a board vote.
3. The university temporarily ended the program during the repairs.

填入 dependence 後所需的介系詞：The factory's dependence ____ imported parts caused serious delays.

哪一句清楚表示孤立發生在另一個過去事件之前？

1. Years of conflict had isolated the country before talks began.
2. Years of conflict have isolated the country since talks began.
3. Years of conflict isolated the country when talks ended.

哪一句中的 while 主要用來對比兩種情況？

1. The north remained dry, while the south received heavy rain.
2. Please stay here while I call the doctor.
3. While Maya was cooking, the phone rang.

在歐洲歷史文本中，the Enlightenment 最可能指什麼？

1. 一場將教會與政府分開的儀式。
2. 一場以理性與探究為核心的特定歐洲思想運動。
3. 某個人突然產生的精神覺醒。

本句中的 the separation of Church and State 是什麼意思？

1. 宗教機構與政府權力應在制度上有所區分。
2. 政府必須指定一個教會管理國家。
3. 教堂建築必須遠離政府辦公大樓。

句首的 Historians still debate... 傳達了什麼資訊？

1. 這些歷史學家正在進行情緒激烈的私人爭吵。
2. 所有歷史學家都接受完全相同的數字。
3. 確切人數在歷史學家之間仍無定論。

這個句子的資訊組織方式告訴讀者什麼？

1. 多數研究者被描述為支持超過三萬的數字。
2. 兩個數字被呈現為擁有相同的支持度。
3. 較低的範圍被呈現為獲得較廣泛支持的估計。

使用標示結構的過去式完成句子：The effects of the shutdown ____ the local economy.

哪一句明確表示 40% 是估計值，而不是精確數字？

1. Inspectors confirmed that 40% of the homes need repairs.
2. An estimated 40% of the homes need repairs.
3. Exactly 40% of the homes need repairs.

哪一句正確使用了表示大量線上觀眾的大致數量片語？

1. Hundreds of thousands of viewers watched the concert online.
2. Hundreds thousands of viewers watched the concert online.
3. Two hundreds of thousands viewers watched the concert online.

判斷正誤：A group can be a religious minority in one country and a majority in another。

1. 正確
2. 不正確

用 force 的過去式被動形式和動詞 leave 完成句子：After officials ordered an evacuation, the residents ____ their homes.

哪一句正確使用 face 表達「遭遇而且不得不應對困難」？

1. Many job seekers face with discrimination during the hiring process.
2. Many job seekers face discrimination during the hiring process.
3. Many job seekers are face discrimination during the hiring process.

在這個歷史語境中，Spanish colonial territories in the Americas 是什麼意思？

1. 只位於現代美國境內、說西班牙語的社區
2. 歐洲境內與西班牙進行貿易的領土
3. 分布在美洲各地、受西班牙殖民統治的地區

哪一句能自然表達「一場長期危機對當地社群造成了嚴重傷害」？

1. The long crisis charged local communities a bridge fee.
2. The long crisis protected local communities from serious harm.
3. The long crisis took a heavy toll on local communities.

哪一句表示 Maya 向警方檢舉了另一個人？

1. Maya turned the thief in to the police.
2. Maya turned in her application before noon.
3. Maya turned herself in to the police.

哪一句表示暴風雨後，兩位鄰居中的每一位都幫助了另一位？

1. The two neighbors helped each other after the storm.
2. Each neighbor asked for help after the storm.
3. The two neighbors helped other people after the storm.

哪一句中的 under 用來設定制度或法規背景？

1. We waited under the bridge until the rain stopped.
2. Under the new regulations, banks must report these transactions.
3. The folder is under the keyboard.

哪一句使用 be condemned to 表示一種難以逃脫的長期負面狀態？

1. After the wells were polluted, the families were condemned to rely on bottled water for years.
2. The company was condemned for hiding the safety report.
3. The judge sentenced the offender to three years in prison.