私立學校 vs 公立學校 - 學生之間有何差異？：英語精讀講義

Do you think you got the best start in life? 片語搭配

你認為你在人生中獲得了最好的起跑線嗎？

Did you end up in a school that might have resembled a zoo more than it felt like an institution of higher learning? 講解

你最後是否進入了一所相比於高等學府，感覺更像是動物園的學校？

Perhaps in the past,

也許在過去，

getting by without a lot of pieces of paper to defend your intelligence may have been harder, 講解

沒有一堆證書來證明你的智力，想要混下去可能會更難，

given that nowadays we can learn so much online

考慮到如今我們可以在網上學到很多東西，

and that many of the world's leading and richest entrepreneurs dropped out of university. 片語動詞

而且世界上許多最頂尖、最富有的企業家都曾從大學輟學。

Had they have dropped out of high school, 文法

如果他們是從高中輟學，

that could have been a different matter.

那可能就是另一回事了。

But many great minds have not been too keen on school. 片語搭配

但許多偉大的頭腦對學校並不太感興趣。

One of those minds was Albert Einstein,

其中一位就是阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦，

who famously said,

他有一句名言：

"Education is what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school." 文法

「教育就是一個人把在學校學到的東西忘光後剩下的東西。」

So,

那麼，

does it matter where you go? 文法

去哪裡上學真的重要嗎？

That's what we'll find out today.

這就是我們今天要探討的問題。

In this episode of The Infographics Show,

在這期 The Infographics Show 中，

"Private School versus Public School."

我們將比較「私立學校與公立學校」。

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button

別忘了訂閱並點擊小鈴鐺按鈕，

so that you can be part of our notification squad.

這樣你就能成為我們通知小分隊的一員了。

First of all,

首先，

we should say that by public school we mean schools that are run by the government. 表達脈絡

我們應該說明，所謂的公立學校是指由政府營運的學校。

This could be confusing for Brits,

這對英國人來說可能會有些困惑，

as when they say public school, 文化背景

因為當他們說 public school 時，

they are not thinking of schools run by the public sector,

他們指的並不是由公共部門營運的學校，

but selective institutions that demand private payment.

而是需要私人付費的菁英學校（公學）。

Basically,

基本上，

private school as Americans know it,

美國人所熟知的私立學校，

is public school in the UK.

在英國就叫 public school。

Okay.

好吧。

It's another case of tomato tomato. 慣用語

這又是一個「換湯不換藥」的例子。

We'll base this show on the US today 片語搭配

我們今天的節目將以美國為基礎，

as covering the globe's schools would be impossible

因為涵蓋全球的學校是不可能的，

and some of the things we will discuss are relevant globally.

而且我們要討論的一些內容在全球範圍內都具有普遍性。

You might be surprised to know that in the USA,

你可能會驚訝地發現，在美國，

according to the Council for American Private Education,

根據美國私立教育委員會的數據，

there are 33,619 private schools in the United States.

美國共有33,619所私立學校。

There are around 5.1 million students enrolled in these schools.

大約有510萬名學生在這些學校就讀。

It's said that private schools are home to almost 10% of all school students in the US. 片語搭配

據說全美近10%的在校學生都在私立學校就讀。

The same source states that there are 441,496 teachers working full-time in private schools.

同一資料還指出，私立學校有441,496名全職教師。

As much as 79% of these schools have a religious affiliation.

高達79%的這些學校有宗教背景。

The Washington Post reported in 2016 that these schools are virtually all white

《華盛頓郵報》在2016年報導稱，這些學校實際上幾乎全是由白人學生組成，

with non-white students only making up around 10% of students across the country.

非白人學生僅占全國私立學校學生人數的10%左右。

As for public schools,

至於公立學校，

according to the National Center for Educational Statistics,

根據國家教育統計中心的數據，

50.7 million public school students will be studying in one of them

5070萬名公立學校學生將在其中一所學校學習，

from pre-kindergarten to grade 12 in fall 2017.

涵蓋了2017年秋季從學前班到12年級的階段。

Teaching all those kids will be 3.2 million full-time teachers,

教授這些孩子們的將是320萬名全職教師，

which is a ratio of 16 students for every teacher.

即師生比為1:16。

The ratio in private school is 12 students for one teacher.

而私立學校的比例是一名教師對應12名學生。

One of the main differences of public school is the mixed ethnicity of students.

公立學校的主要區別之一是學生的多種族混合。

Public schools in America are made up of 24.4 million white kids, 片語動詞

美國的公立學校由2440萬名白人學生、

13.6 million Hispanic students,

1360萬名西班牙裔學生、

8 million black students,

800萬名黑人學生、

2.8 million Asian Pacific Islander students,

280萬名亞太裔學生、

0.5 million American Indian Alaskan Native students,

50萬名美洲印第安人及阿拉斯加原住民學生，

and 1.5 million mixed-race students.

以及150萬名混血學生組成。

What about costs?

那麼費用方面呢？

Well,

嗯，

the government pays for public schools.

政府為公立學校買單。

In 2017 to 2018,

在2017到2018年，

it's projected that the budget for public schools will be $623.5 billion.

預計公立學校的預算將達到6235億美元。

This means that each student will cost an average of $12,300.

這意味著平均每個學生將花費12300美元。

Taxes will pay for this.

這一切都將由稅收支付。

Private schools are a different matter and they are funded by tuition fees. 片語搭配

私立學校則是另一回事，它們是由學費資助的。

Tuition costs will change depending on the school.

學費的高低因學校而異。

For the year 2017 to 2018,

在2017到2018年期間，

the national average for private school tuition is $9,975 per year,

全國私立學校的平均學費為每年9975美元，

which is $8,918 per year for elementary schooling

其中小學每年的學費為8918美元，

and $13,524 per year for high school.

而高中每年的學費為13524美元。

The state of Vermont had the highest average with high school being $31,543 per year on average.

佛蒙特州的平均水準最高，高中平均每年需要31543美元。

If you are looking for cheap private schooling,

如果你想尋找便宜的私立學校，

head to West Virginia where the average cost for high school is currently $5,262.

請前往西維吉尼亞州，那裡高中的平均費用目前為5262美元。

We should add that a handful of private schools cost around the $50,000 a year mark. 片語搭配

我們還要補充一點，少數私立學校每年的費用高達50000美元左右。

So, what do you get for your money 片語搭配

那麼，你花這些錢能得到什麼呢？

besides pretty gardens and obviously top-notch facilities at a private school 用詞

除了私立學校裡漂亮的花園和顯而易見的頂尖設施外，

and perhaps metal detectors and patrolling policemen in some wayward public schools?

還有某些問題公立學校裡的金屬探測器和巡邏警察嗎？

Well,

嗯，

when it comes to the syllabi, 表達脈絡

就教學大綱而言，

public schools have to adhere to state standards while private schools have much more flexibility. 片語搭配

公立學校必須遵守州立標準，而私立學校則有更大的靈活性。

This is seen as getting a better and more diverse education.

這被視為能獲得更好、更多元化的教育。

The good news for not so wealthy people is that high school graduation rates in public schools has gone up recently.

對不太富有的人來說，好消息是最近公立學校的高中畢業率上升了。

It reached its highest during the Obama administration in 2015 at 83.2% of students graduating.

它在2015年歐巴馬政府期間達到了最高點，有83.2%的學生順利畢業。

At the same time,

與此同時，

95% of private school students graduate.

私立學校的學生有95%畢業。

According to the website College Admission,

根據 College Admission 網站的數據，

just about all of those private school grads will attend a university,

幾乎所有這些私立學校的畢業生都會去上大學，

whereas only 49% of public school graduates will enter further education at college. 文法

而只有49%的公立學校畢業生會進入大學深造。

If you want to get into an Ivy League university, 講解

如果你想進入常春藤盟校，

there's no reason why you can't get in after attending public school. 文法

沒有理由認為上過公立學校就進不去。

Top Tier Admissions tells us that roughly 25% of successful applicants to those top universities came from private schools

Top Tier Admissions 告訴我們，那些頂尖大學的成功申請者中，大約有25%來自私立學校，

and 60 to 70% from public schools.

還有60%到70%來自公立學校。

The rest were home-schooled.

剩下的是在家自學的。

Private school does work for a lot of people.

私立學校確實對很多人有效。

The richest man in the world,

世界上最富有的人，

Bill Gates, went to a private prep school, 文化背景

比爾·蓋茲，曾就讀於一所私立預科學校，

but then he later dropped out of Harvard.

但他後來從哈佛大學輟學了。

On the other hand, 表達脈絡

另一方面，

Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg went to a public school.

Facebook創辦人馬克·祖克柏上的是公立學校。

When researching for how private school graduates outearn other kids in the future, 用詞

在研究私立學校畢業生未來如何比其他孩子賺得多時，

most of the stories are about the UK and how private school there seems to create most of the UK's millionaires.

大多數故事都是關於英國的，以及那裡的私立學校似乎創造了英國大多數的百萬富翁。

The US playing field might be a bit more level. 慣用語

美國的情況可能稍微公平一些。

After all,

畢竟，

Dr. Dre didn't go to private school.

Dr. Dre 並沒有上過私立學校。

It seems in the US,

在美國似乎是這樣：

if you actually get to university,

如果你真的上了大學，

it might not matter where you studied in high school in terms of making it. 慣用語

就取得成功而言，你在哪讀的高中可能並不重要。

At the same time,

與此同時，

studies have found that being born with a silver spoon usually means you'll be passing that spoon on 慣用語

研究發現，含著金湯匙出生通常意味著你會把這把湯匙傳下去，

and poorer folks with degrees don't usually jump up a class.

而擁有學位的窮人通常也無法跨越階層。

Your background makes all the difference. 片語搭配

你的背景起著決定性作用。

A college degree,

大學學位，

says one report,

一份報告稱，

is no great equalizer. 慣用語

並不是什麼偉大的均衡器。

Why is this?

為什麼會這樣？

There are a host of possibilities 片語搭配

有很多種可能性，

from family resources during childhood and the place where one grew up

報告稱，從童年時期的家庭資源、成長的地方，

to the colleges that low-income students attend,

到低收入學生就讀的大學，

said the report.

都有可能。

Then you have rich folks that dropped out of high school,

還有一些從高中輟學的富人，

such as the billionaire Tumblr founder David Karp,

比如億萬富翁、Tumblr創辦人戴維·卡普，

who dropped out of high school at 15 years old.

他在15歲時就從高中輟學了。

Joining him as a high school dropout

同樣也是高中輟學生的，

is Facebook's former product manager Mike Hudak and filmmaker Quentin Tarantino.

還有Facebook前產品經理邁克·胡達克和電影製片人昆汀·塔倫提諾。

In light of the last person, 片語搭配

看看最後一位，

success in the arts or sport probably is not related to if you went to public or private school.

在藝術或體育方面的成功很可能與你上的是公立還是私立學校無關。

But if you want social mobility, 用詞

但如果你想實現社會階層躍升，

then it's probably better your parents paid the cash for your education.

那麼最好是你的父母為你的教育花過錢。

It also seems that the filmmaker is the only one of the three to have come from a humble background. 片語搭配

似乎這位電影製片人也是三人中唯一出身卑微的一個。

You may have some unique skills or be a natural autodidact 用詞

你可能有某種獨特的技能，或者天生就能自學成才，

and so school doesn't matter much even if you are poor.

這樣一來，即使你很窮，學校也沒那麼重要了。

Nonetheless,

儘管如此，

we can't ignore some statistics.

我們不能忽視一些統計數據。

The Bureau of Labor Statistics states that people without a high school diploma

美國勞工統計局指出，沒有高中文憑的人，

will earn,

將會賺得，

on average,

平均，

$25,636 per year if in full-time employment.

如果做全職工作的話，每年25636美元。

8% of high school dropouts are currently unemployed.

高中輟學生中目前有8%的人處於失業狀態。

If you have a high school diploma and nothing else,

如果你除了高中文憑什麼都沒有，

the average wage is $35,256 per year

平均工資為每年35256美元，

with 5.4% of those people currently unemployed.

其中有5.4%的人目前失業。

If you have a bachelor's degree,

如果你有學士學位，

you might earn an average of $59,124 per year.

你的平均收入可能達到每年59124美元。

Only 2.8% of Americans with a bachelor's degree are unemployed,

擁有學士學位的美國人中只有2.8%的人失業，

much less than the 4.4% of Americans currently out of a job. 片語搭配

遠低於目前全美4.4%的失業率。

In conclusion,

總而言之，

it's odds on that if you went to private school, 慣用語

很有可能如果你上過私立學校，

then you most certainly went to university

那麼你肯定也上了大學，

and with some family wealth behind you, 慣用語

而且在有一定的家庭財富作為後盾的情況下，

it's also pretty much a certainty you fell into one of those higher wage brackets. 用詞

你幾乎肯定會進入更高工資水準的行列。

Then again, 表達脈絡

話又說回來，

if you are brilliant or spend more time reading than scrolling,

如果你很聰明，或者花在閱讀上的時間比滑手機的時間還多，

then it is likely nothing will hold you back. 片語動詞

那麼很可能沒有什麼能阻擋你的腳步。

So, what do you think?

那麼，你覺得呢？

Is private school worth the extra dough 慣用語

私立學校值得花那筆額外的錢嗎？

or is it all just a bunch of hooey? 慣用語

還是說這一切都只是一派胡言？

Let us know in the comments.

請在留言區告訴我們。

Also,

另外，

be sure to check out our other video called Vegans versus Meat-eaters.

務必去看看我們另一部名為「素食主義者對決肉食者」的影片。

Thanks for watching and as always,

感謝觀看，一如既往，

don't forget to like, share, and subscribe.

別忘了按讚、分享並訂閱。

See you next time.

我們下次見。